How CPU is made It has been more than twenty years since the development of CPU, and the technology of manufacturing CPU has also made great progress.
Here is a brief introduction to the manufacturing process of CPU:
Then coating the silicon wafer, adding an insulating layer made of silicon dioxide (SiO2 _ 2) on the surface of the silicon wafer, gluing and photoetching the mask, then doping the semiconductor silicon, because pure silicon can only become a semiconductor by doping impurities, finally laying metal wiring, and then connecting the completed transistor to the automatic test equipment, which can conduct 10000 tests per second to ensure that it can work normally. After passing all tests, it must be sealed in a ceramic or plastic shell so that it can be easily installed on the circuit board. The prototype of CPU was thus produced.
How cpu is made up of processors is not only an application on desktop system, but also unparalleled in desktop applications except INTEL and AMD, but it is different in many fields, such as servers, handheld devices, communications and so on. Some processors in our country are Loongson, and they have good applications in some fields. Only by avoiding competition with Intel and AMD in the desktop field can we have a chance to survive.
How is cloth made? Military uniforms, costumes, etc. Different clothing varieties have their own specific requirements for material selection. Modern clothing is complex and diverse, which can be classified according to the following aspects:. How are the clothes of various occupations made of cloth? China Textile Forum. ...
How is plastic made? The main components of plastics are synthetic resins (mainly coal tar products and calcium carbide in the early days, but now mostly petroleum and natural gas products, such as ethylene, propylene, benzene, formaldehyde and urea). At present, resin refers to polymers without various additives. Resin accounts for about 40% ~ 100% of the total weight of plastics. The basic properties of plastics mainly depend on the properties of resin, but additives also play an important role. Some plastics are basically composed of synthetic resin with little or no additives, such as plexiglass and polystyrene. The so-called plastic is actually a synthetic resin, which is similar in shape to turpentine in natural resin, but it is called plastic because it is synthesized by chemical force.
How are airplanes made? Made in China. If I knew how to build a plane, I would be arrested.
Aircraft airframe manufacturing should go through process preparation, process equipment manufacturing, blank preparation, parts processing, aircraft manufacturing assembly and testing. In aircraft manufacturing, matching technology (such as molding line and template working method) and a large number of process equipment (such as various fixtures, molds and frames) are used to ensure that the manufactured aircraft has an accurate shape. Process preparation includes the determination of coordination methods and routes in manufacturing (see coordination technology) and the design of process equipment. Main materials The main materials of aircraft fuselage are aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and magnesium alloy. Mainly provided by metallurgical factories in the form of plates, profiles and pipes. There are also a large number of forgings and castings on the aircraft, such as fuselage stiffening frames, wing beams, stiffening ribs, etc., which are mostly forged blanks of high-strength aluminum alloy and alloy steel. These large forgings should be forged on a giant hydraulic press with 300-700 meganewtons (30,000-70,000 tons of force). Parts processing mainly includes sheet metal parts forming, mechanical processing and non-metallic material processing. Metal parts generally need heat treatment and surface treatment during and after machining. Aircraft assembly is carried out in sections according to structural characteristics. Firstly, the parts are assembled into wing beams, frames, ribs, wall panels and other parts in the frame, and then the parts are combined into sections (such as middle wing, leading edge, front fuselage, middle fuselage, tail section and so on). Finally, a plane landed. When assembling, the shape of each part depends on the fixture and the relative position of each part of the whole machine, especially the parameters that affect the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft (such as wing installation angle, sweep angle, dihedral angle, etc.). ) and the symmetry of the aircraft should be detected by horizontal measurement. Each part has some obvious characteristics. After the whole machine is docked, measure their relative positions with a level, and the actual parameter values can be obtained after conversion. The final assembly work also includes the installation and adjustment of the engine and landing gear, the laying of cables and conduits for each system, the installation of antennas and accessories, and the functional testing of each system. After the final assembly is completed, the aircraft can conduct an outfield test flight. Through flight test adjustment, the aircraft can be delivered when all technical performance indicators meet the design requirements. Manufacturing methods and characteristics Aircraft manufacturing is different from general machine manufacturing from parts processing to assembly. The batch of aircraft fuselage parts is small and needs to be modified frequently in production, so the manufacture of aircraft sheet metal parts (skin, wing ribs, frame, etc.). ) Try to use simple molds. Rubber forming, skin stretch forming, stretch bending and other sheet metal forming technologies are widely used, and plastic is used as much as possible to make forming dies. With the increase of modern aircraft size and skin thickness, and the application of titanium alloy, beryllium alloy and stainless steel sheet with poor formability, higher requirements are put forward for sheet metal forming technology. Various large-size and high-power profile stretch bending machines, skin stretching machines, powerful spinning machines and rubber molding presses with pressure exceeding 100 MPa (about 1000 kgf/cm2) are continuously used. At the same time, some new processing methods, such as superplastic forming, heating forming, vacuum creep forming, semi-die or dieless forming technology, are constantly emerging. Large integral structural parts widely used in modern aircraft, such as wing integral panels, spars, reinforcing frames, etc. , complex shape, large cutting volume and poor rigidity, need to be processed on modern CNC milling machine, with large workbench (some tens of meters long) and multiple high-speed milling heads. The processing of integral wallboard also needs a large-area workbench with vacuum sucker (see the manufacturing of integral wallboard). Machining large-scale frames with complex three-dimensional shapes, such as cockpit windshield skeleton, doors, window frames, etc. , but also requires multi-coordinate linkage CNC milling machine or three-dimensional copying milling machine (see CNC machining). In addition, in order to process materials with poor cutting performance and parts with complex shapes, special machining technologies such as electro-machining and chemical milling are widely used. Composite materials are increasingly used in aircraft structures and have been successfully used to manufacture doors, rudder surfaces, vertical tails and helicopter rotors. The composite part is made of high-strength fiber and resin, which is heated and pressurized in a mold. The equipment used is automatic tape laying machine, prepreg tape and prepreg forming machine. The key problem in manufacturing composite components is to control the deformation of components. It is necessary to carefully study the layering process and molding process to accurately control the temperature and pressure changes during processing. The workload of airframe assembly in aircraft manufacturing accounts for 50% ~ 70% of the workload of direct manufacturing (excluding production preparation and process equipment manufacturing). The connection mode of modern aircraft parts is mainly rivet connection, and bolts are also used in important connections. This connection method is simple and reliable, but drilling and riveting are mostly manual operations, and the workload is very large. The application of automatic riveting machine can improve the productivity and quality of riveting, and also improve the working conditions of assembly workers. In order to increase the proportion of group riveting, it is necessary to decompose the parts of aircraft into many panels in structure. Welding is also a common connection process in aircraft manufacturing (see welding technology). Fusion welding is used to connect steel parts such as landing gear and engine frame. Contact spot welding and roll welding are used to connect stainless steel and aluminum alloy metal plate parts. Metal bonding is used to make honeycomb structures. Bonded parts have smooth surfaces and good fatigue characteristics, but there are strict requirements for the preparation, heating and pressure control of bonded surfaces. Electron beam welding, diffusion bonding of titanium alloy, adhesive riveting, adhesive bonding, threaded connection and adhesive spot welding are widely used in modern aircraft manufacturing. The degree of mechanization and automation of aircraft manufacturing is relatively low, especially in the assembly and final assembly of aircraft parts. Manual labor is the main way of working. In addition, a large number of molding dies, molds, assembly racks and standard process equipment (templates, standard samples, etc.). ) are used in aircraft manufacturing, which makes the production preparation very heavy and the production cycle of aircraft is relatively long. The application of computer-aided design and manufacturing technology can improve the automation of aircraft production, greatly reduce the workload of production preparation and shorten the cycle of aircraft production.
Planes are not that scary. It's good to learn flying lessons systematically, but if not, it doesn't matter. However, I personally suggest to establish some basic knowledge of theoretical mechanics, material mechanics, aerodynamics, flight mechanics and materials science, engines, processing technology and overall design of aircraft. This will help you build a device that won't endanger your personal life. But it is impossible to explain clearly how to build an airplane in a few words. Sorry. Because what I said is not practical. Because I am a graphic designer, I hate the way ls makes flying devices fantastic. Flying is not difficult, but it is not easy. The key is not to despise science.
How is the mobile phone made? It's marty cooper. The mobile phone concept of Motorola engineers and technicians in the United States appeared as early as 1940s. At that time, the trial production was started by Bell Laboratories, the largest communication company in the United States. 1946, Bell Laboratories manufactured the first so-called mobile phone. But because of its large size, researchers can only put it on the shelf in the laboratory, and people will gradually forget it. It was not until the late 1960s that AT&T and Motorola became interested in this technology. At that time, AT&T rented a large mobile wireless phone, which customers could put on a big truck. At&T's vision is to develop a mobile phone with the power of 10W in the future, and communicate with it by using the radio equipment on the truck. Cooper thinks this kind of mobile phone is too big and heavy to move and carry. Therefore, Motorola applied to the Federal Communications Commission for the requirement that the power of mobile communication equipment can only be 1 watt, and the maximum power cannot exceed 3 watts. In fact, the maximum radio power of most mobile phones today is only 500 MW. From 1973 to 1985, the first modern mobile phone was born. It puts the power supply and antenna in a box, weighing 3 kilograms, which is very heavy and inconvenient. Users have to walk with it on their backs like backpacks, so it is called shoulder phone. "Similar-looking mobile phones were born in 1987. Compared with shoulder phone, it is much lighter and easier to carry. Nevertheless, it still weighs about 750 grams, which is like a big brick compared with the mobile phone that weighs only 60 grams today. Since then, the development of mobile phones has become more and more rapid. Marty cooper, the inventor of the mobile phone. At that time, Cooper was an engineer of the famous Motorola company in the United States.
What raw material is methanol made of? Most methanol producers in the world use natural gas or petroleum as raw materials.
Methanol is very toxic, which has the greatest influence on the nervous system and blood system of human body. Toxic reactions will occur after ingestion through digestive tract, respiratory tract or skin, and methanol vapor will damage human respiratory mucosa and vision. I don't know why the landlord put this question in the column of "cooking food" Attention, it will be poisoned if you drink it!