at present, the main substances used for physical adsorption are aluminosilicate adsorbents. Natural aluminosilicates (such as zeolite, montmorillonite, diatomite, kaolin, etc.) have a certain selective adsorption of mycotoxins because of their large specific surface area and ion adsorption capacity, but natural aluminosilicates have a small adsorption capacity, low efficiency and large usage. Most of the first generation products of the earliest mildew remover belong to this category, which mainly has certain adsorption capacity for aflatoxin and ergotoxine.
At present, most imported products are mainly modified natural aluminosilicate, and the newly formed substances have new physical and chemical characteristics, which can improve the selective adsorption of mycotoxins. The modified organic zeolite not only retains the original adsorption, but also greatly improves the adsorption capacity of zearalenone, Aspergillus toxin and vomiting toxin.
(2) Besides aluminosilicates, the research on new chemical mycotoxin adsorbents has also made some progress. The experiment of cholestyramine in animal in vitro showed that cholestyramine could reduce the adsorption rate of zearalenone in small intestine from 32% to 16%. Cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is an insoluble polar porous amphoteric compound. In vitro experiments show that it can adsorb .3 mg/g zearalenone.
(3) The appearance of new biological mildew remover embodies the characteristics of less dosage, wide adsorption surface and strong adsorption energy.
The special structure of yeast cell wall also has certain adsorption capacity for mycotoxins. The main components of yeast cell wall include dextran, mannan, chitin and protein. The special structure produced by polysaccharide, protein and lipid on yeast cell wall can adsorb mycotoxin through hydrogen bond, ionic bond and hydrophobic force. The results showed that the yeast cell wall could adsorb 2.7 mg/g zearalenone, and the adsorption could reach equilibrium within 1 min. Yeast Mannooligosaccharides (MOS) is a new kind of antigenic active substance extracted from the cell wall of yeast culture, which is coated with a layer of colloidal glycoprotein. In the aspect of preventing animal mycotoxin poisoning, MOS has attracted people's extensive attention because of its small addition, remarkable effect and wide range of combined mycotoxins. At present, a large number of studies show that mannan oligosaccharides can be combined with many mycotoxins to eliminate the influence of mold on the body. The binding rates of MOS to aflatoxin, zearalenone, fumonisin and vomitoxin were 95%, 77%, 59% and 12% respectively. A new type of mildew remover, mainly biological mildew remover, needs to achieve comprehensive adsorption of toxins and simultaneously have the effects of killing mold and detoxifying. It can effectively remove various mycotoxins, especially fumonisins, and also strengthen the functions of liver detoxification, kidney detoxification and damaged tissue repair; But also achieve the effects of reducing ammonia and deodorizing, restoring normal functions of the organism, effectively preventing the occurrence of various diseases of pigs caused by mycotoxins, and thus promoting the healthy development of the pig industry.