Pliny the Elder was a famous Roman writer at that time. He said in his encyclopedia that animal bladder skin was used to protect Roman miners from lead oxide red dust.
/kloc-in the 6th century, leonardo da vinci, an Italian magic generalist, suggested that covering the nose and mouth with a thin cloth after soaking in water could protect soldiers from toxic powder.
leonardo di ser piero da vinci
After the enlightenment of these sages, 1785, someone finally invented the artificial respirator. He is the French chemist Drozier. He was an inventor who devoted his life to "manned free balloon", but he invented the respirator in the process of studying gas.
Now, he thinks that the manned hydrogen balloon in Switzerland has become history, but the unintentional respirator has been handed down and constantly updated and iterated, becoming an indispensable health protection product for human beings.
However, the appearance of the respirator at that time was very different from that now. 1799 A mining engineer in Prussia introduced that the respirator they used was a bag over their heads, with the lower end of the bag tightly around their necks.
When in use, the wearer will wear an air compression tank to provide air for the respirator, and there is also a valve to exhale the used air.
It was not until 1848 that the respirator took the prototype of the present mask. This landmark reformer is American Hasslet.
Hasslet and his mask
These two are similar in shape.
Its working principle is to use a one-way valve as a mechanism to control the respiratory airflow, so that the incoming air enters the nose and mouth after passing through the filter. Filters come in many forms, including wet wool, charcoal or lime and cotton fiber. , depending on the different use environment.
This kind of mask directly covering the nose and mouth is praised by the world because of its convenience and high efficiency, so he obtained the patent of air purifier. Hasslet mask lasted for a long time, until1970s, the United States still produced and used this kind of mask.
But portability has both advantages and disadvantages, that is, in the face of a large number of toxic gases, a meager air filter is not enough.
More than 20 years later, European chemists invented a respirator that can filter a lot of toxic gases, but it is too heavy, like carrying a medicine bucket in front and back, and can only be used under extreme conditions.
1909 gas mask
At this stage of mask development, you will find that its essential function is to filter and prevent viruses. Early masks were basically the function of gas masks.
/kloc-at the end of 0/9, people used masks in the field of medical protection. 1897, German pathologist Ledec suggested that medical staff use gauze masks to prevent bacterial infection.
Later, people sewed six layers of gauze on the collar and covered their noses and mouths when they used it. This is the embryonic form of modern medical masks.
Later, people hung masks directly on their ears instead of pressing gauze with one hand. This is what the mask looks like today.