Chapter 1 General Provisions Article 1 In order to strengthen the protection of crop germplasm resources and promote the exchange and utilization of crop germplasm resources, this document is formulated in accordance with the provisions of the "Seed Law of the People's Republic of China" way. Article 2 These Measures shall apply to activities such as the collection, sorting, identification, registration, preservation, exchange, utilization and management of crop germplasm resources within the territory of the People's Republic of China. Article 3 The term “crop germplasm resources” as mentioned in these Measures refers to the basic materials for breeding new varieties of crops, including the propagating materials of cultivated species, wild species and endangered rare species of crops, as well as various genetic materials artificially created using the above-mentioned propagating materials. Materials, their forms include fruits, grains, seedlings, roots, stems, leaves, buds, flowers, tissues, cells and living material materials such as DNA, DNA fragments and genes. Article 4 The Ministry of Agriculture shall establish the National Crop Germplasm Resources Committee to study and propose national crop germplasm resources development strategies, guidelines and policies, and coordinate the management of national crop germplasm resources. The office of the committee is located in the Planting Industry Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and is responsible for the daily work of the committee.
The agricultural administrative departments of each province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the Central Government may determine the corresponding crop germplasm resource management units as needed. Article 5 The work on crop germplasm resources is a public welfare undertaking. Relevant departments of the state and local governments shall take measures to ensure the stability and funding sources of the work on crop germplasm resources. Article 6 The state commends and rewards units and individuals that have made outstanding achievements in the collection, sorting, identification, registration, preservation, exchange, introduction, utilization and management of crop germplasm resources. Chapter 2 Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources Article 7 The state organizes census, key inspections and collection of crop germplasm resources in a planned manner. If crop germplasm resources may become extinct due to engineering construction, environmental changes, etc., rescue and collection should be organized in a timely manner. Article 8 It is prohibited to collect or harvest wild species, wild related species, endangered rare species included in the list of national key protected wild plants, and crop germplasm resources in protected areas, protected areas, and germplasm nurseries.
If it is necessary to collect or harvest wild species, wild related species, or endangered rare species germplasm resources that are included in the list of national key protected wild plants due to special circumstances such as scientific research, the germplasm resources of the wild species, wild relatives, and endangered rare species must be collected and harvested in accordance with the relevant wild plant management regulations of the State Council and the Ministry of Agriculture. According to the provisions of the regulations, go through the approval procedures; if it is necessary to collect or harvest germplasm resources in a protected area, protected area, or germplasm nursery, it must be approved by the agricultural administrative department that established the protected area, protected area, or germplasm nursery. Article 9 The quantity of crop germplasm resources collected shall be based on the standard that it will not affect the genetic integrity and normal growth of the original population. Article 10 Without approval, foreign personnel are not allowed to collect crop germplasm resources in China. If Chinese and foreign scientists jointly inspect my country's crop germplasm resources, they must report to the Ministry of Agriculture for approval six months in advance.
If the collected crop germplasm resources need to be taken out of the country, the approval procedures for providing crop germplasm resources to external parties shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of these Measures. Article 11 When collecting germplasm resources, original files shall be established to record in detail the name of the material, basic characteristics, collection location and time, collection quantity, collector, etc. Article 12 All collected crop germplasm resources and their original files shall be submitted to the National Germplasm Bank for registration and preservation. Article 13 Units and individuals applying for variety approval shall submit an appropriate amount of propagation materials (including hybrid parent propagation materials) to the national germplasm bank for registration and preservation. Article 14 Units and individuals holding germplasm resources that have not been registered and preserved by the state are obliged to submit them to the national germplasm bank for preservation.
The parties may submit the germplasm resources to the local agricultural administrative department or agricultural scientific research institution. The local agricultural administrative department or agricultural scientific research institution shall promptly send the received germplasm resources to the national germplasm bank for preservation. . Chapter 3 Identification, Registration and Preservation of Crop Germplasm Resources Article 15 All collected crop germplasm resources shall be identified for their botanical categories and main agronomic traits.
The identification of crop germplasm resources follows a unified national standard system. Specific standards are formulated and published by the Ministry of Agriculture based on the recommendations of the National Crop Germplasm Resources Committee.
The registration of crop germplasm resources shall implement a unified numbering system, and no unit or individual may change the national unified numbering and name. Article 16 The conservation of crop germplasm resources shall implement a system that combines in situ conservation and ex situ conservation.
In situ conservation includes the establishment of crop germplasm resource reserves and protected areas, while ex situ conservation includes the establishment of various types of germplasm banks, germplasm nurseries and test tube seedling banks. Article 17 The Ministry of Agriculture shall establish crop germplasm resource reserves or protected areas in agricultural plant diversity centers, native areas of important crop wild species and wild relatives, and other agricultural wild resource-rich areas. Article 18 The Ministry of Agriculture shall establish a national crop germplasm bank, including a long-term germplasm bank and its duplicate bank, a mid-term germplasm bank, a germplasm nursery and a test-tube seedling bank.
The long-term germplasm bank is responsible for the long-term preservation of crop germplasm resources across the country; the duplicate library is responsible for the backup and preservation of germplasm stored in the long-term germplasm bank; the mid-term germplasm bank is responsible for the mid-term preservation, characterization, and Propagation and distribution; germplasm nurseries and test tube seedling banks are responsible for the preservation, characterization, propagation and distribution of germplasm of vegetatively propagated crops and perennial crops.
Relevant national and local departments should take measures to ensure the normal operation of the national gene bank and the safety of germplasm resources.