1. I'm afraid the humiliation of the Song Dynasty and Song Dynasty can only be compared with that of the late Qing Dynasty. From elementary school to high school, I was always extremely depressed, angry and helpless when I was studying this period of the Song Dynasty. Look at the Song Dynasty, whether it is the Northern Song Dynasty or the Southern Song Dynasty, which represents the orthodoxy of China. But from now on, it is just a divided dynasty and a broken country. From the perspective of science and technology, the four great inventions of ancient China have three connections with them. He was not only the most brilliant achievement in the ancient history of China, but also the most advanced scientific and technological civilization in the world at that time. Economically speaking, the level of economic development in the Song Dynasty far exceeded that in the Tang Dynasty, and it was not as good as other countries at that time, and even the early capitalist bud appeared. Culturally speaking, there are Han Fu in Han Dynasty, Tang Poetry in Tang Dynasty and Song Ci in Song Dynasty. Although the level of poetry in Song Dynasty is not as good as that in Tang Zhisheng, I'm afraid there will be no successors, but the glory of Song Ci is unprecedented, and a large number of poets, writers and painters have appeared. It can be said that the stars shine; From the sports point of view, it is also very strong. According to "Water Margin", the level of people playing "football" in the Song Dynasty is called a cow, which makes today's national football team want to make holes in the ground; Politically, it can also be said that it is clear and open, there is no appalling corruption, there is no literary inquisition like Ming and Qing dynasties, there is no power of consorts, and there is no eunuch chaos; Even in the military, it is not weak, the army is huge, and the equipment is not bad, right? But this "powerful" dynasty, such a dynasty that was a superpower at that time, was so embarrassed, so uncomfortable, so depressed and so distressing. Such a dynasty, because Zhao Kuangyin, the ancestor of Zhao and Song Dynasties, abandoned martial arts, and later generations were unwilling to make progress, led to such an eternal wonder in the history of China: from the founding of the People's Republic of China to the subjugation of the country, the orthodox dynasty with strong national strength had to pay tribute to the minority regime with less strength than itself, or even cede territory. The last two emperors of the Northern Song Dynasty became prisoners of the Jin Dynasty and finally died in another country. How tragic! Even if there are outstanding generals like Yang Ye and Yue Fei, it is just a lament, which is just a tragedy that adds insult to injury!
Let's just say that the rulers of this dynasty are simply terrible, and there are very few. Even today's terrorist tycoon Osama bin Laden will be eclipsed in front of them. I sometimes think that terrorism should be China's patent. Why did the Ming rulers like to skin people and play the game of "real grass"? If you kill people, kill them. How did you become so cruel? Although Liu Bang's wife has done such cruel things, she is just Luffy, she is not an emperor. Besides, that was 1500 years ago. How did the history of Zhu Ming dynasty become so cruel and bloody? Bloody things don't stop there. Zhu Yuanzhang killed tens of thousands of people in one breath in order to pave the way for his successor. It's really red-eye. Emperor Yongle's cruelty can even enter the Guinness Book of Records. He actually killed nine clans in Fang Xiaoru, but he didn't kill enough, and he had to form a clan. He is really a genius at killing people. A few years later, Emperor Chongzhen also set a record, cutting down the pillars of the Ming Dynasty by more than 3,000 knives. The poor generation of Zhongliang not only died tragically, but also fell into the eternal infamy of traitors. The Ming dynasty did not die, and heaven forbid; The Ming dynasty also pioneered the secret service, and poor Daming officials may not know when they say the wrong thing and will be skinned and beheaded; I will assert that Zhang killed many people in the late Ming Dynasty, and the massacre in the early Qing Dynasty was influenced by the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty's national strength was not weak, and it made seven voyages to the Western Ocean, but the rulers killed people like perverts, breaking many Guinness records. Is this what a civilized country did? Daming's eunuchs are also outstanding. No matter what, they are more authoritarian and chaotic, bringing disaster to the country and the people, and they are still getting higher and higher. One is "excellent" and the other is "outstanding", such as Wang Zhen, Liu Jin and Wei Zhongxian. I don't understand. Why is there such a big difference between Emperor Liu Bang and Zhu Yuanzhang, who were also born in poverty?
3。 In the late Qing Dynasty, it should be said that Manchu in the Central Plains was established as a minority, and it was still working hard until the early Qianlong period. Although Guangxu tried to reform and be strong in the later period, he failed to turn the tide. He still lacked the courage and wisdom of his ancestor Kangxi. From the late Qianlong period, the Qing Dynasty declined and the national strength went from bad to worse. The rulers of the late Qing Dynasty created one record after another of losing power and humiliating the country: when Emperor Daoguang ceded treaty of nanking to Hongkong, the compensation was not mentioned; Xianfeng Aihui Treaty cut 600,000 square kilometers of land north of Heilongjiang and south of Xing 'an Mountains, and the Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty cut 400,000 square kilometers to Russia. Xianfeng is really generous, almost cutting off the Longxing land of his ancestors. Fortunately, he died of illness after the British and French allied forces burned the Yuanmingyuan. Otherwise, the whole northeast will become a place for Russians to herd cattle. Xianfeng's children also inherited his generous style, and Tongzhi's "Reconnaissance of Northwest Border between China and Russia" gave Russia 440,000 square kilometers in the northwest, of course, this should be counted on his old sow mother's head; Guangxu's "treaty of shimonoseki" cut Taiwan Province Province to Japan and paid 230 million taels of silver. Why didn't the Japanese survive? This is of course the masterpiece of Cixi. The "Xin Chou Treaty" lost more than one billion taels of silver to Eight-Nation Alliance, and it was Cixi again! Her man can cut land, and she can pay compensation herself. Like husband, like wife, what a unique couple! History is so funny that it has created such a pair of "national treasures". The above are only the representatives of nearly 40 treaties signed by the Qing Dynasty, which is probably an unprecedented "feat" in human history. The Qing dynasty also carried out innovations, several years earlier than the Meiji Restoration in Japan, but the effect was quite different. In the Sino-French War, China actually defeated France and brought down its cabinet. National strength should not be weak, but it is because power is an asshole. This is like a huge ship. Although it is a brilliant Man Cang, it is rubbish at the helm, and sinking is inevitable, not to mention a broken ship!
History is always painful, but why is it so painful? History is always tragic, but why is it so tragic? History is always embarrassing, but why is it so embarrassing? May our rulers learn from history and never let it repeat itself!