/kloc-One day at the beginning of the 7th century, Hans Lippershey, the owner of an optical shop in a small Dutch town, arranged a convex lens and a concave lens in a line to check the quality of the polished lens. Looking through the lens, he found that the church spire in the distance seemed to be getting closer and closer, so he accidentally discovered the secret of the telescope. 1608, he applied for a patent for his telescope, and made a binoculars according to the requirements of the authorities. It is said that dozens of opticians in the town claimed to have invented the telescope, but Kenneth Lieberthal is generally regarded as the inventor of the telescope.
China has a long history in studying light and images. As early as more than 400 years BC, China's book Mo Jing recorded in detail the straight-line advance of light, the reflection of light and the imaging phenomena of plane mirror, concave mirror and convex mirror. In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo's Meng Qian Bi Tan (103 1 to 1095) also described the principle of pinhole imaging box in detail.
/kloc-During the Renaissance in the 6th century, an "imaging camera box" for painting appeared in Europe.
1839 On August 9th, the French painter Daguerre announced his invention of silver plate photography, which gave birth to the world's first portable wooden box camera.
184 1 year, optician Vogeland invented the first all-metal camera. The camera is equipped with the world's first photographic lens with the maximum phase aperture of 1: 3.4 designed by mathematical calculation.
1845, German von Martens invented the world's first 150 turning point. 1849, Davie-Blue Scott invented a stereo camera and a two-lens stereo observation mirror. 186 1 year, physicist Maxwell invented the world's first color photo.
1866, German chemist Short and optical scientist Arjun invented barium crown optical glass in Zeiss Company and produced positive photographic lens, which made the design and manufacture of photographic lens develop rapidly. 1888 Kodak company produced a new type of photosensitive material-soft and windable "film". This is a leap in photosensitive materials. In the same year, Kodak invented the world's first portable square box camera with film.
1906 American George hillas used the flash for the first time. 19 13 german oskar barnack developed the world's first 135 camera.
From 1839 to 1924, in the first stage of the development of this camera, some novel cameras such as buttons and pistols also appeared.
From 1925 to 1938 is the second stage of camera development. During this period, German companies such as Leeds, Lorelei and Zeiss developed and produced dual-lens and single-lens reflex cameras with small volume and aluminum alloy body.
It is universally acknowledged that 1839, an Englishman Macmillan invented the pedal bicycle.
There are many stories about the invention of bicycles.
China was the first country in the world to invent bicycles. The ancestor of bicycle was a unicycle in China in more than 500 BC. During the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty (1662 ~ 1722), Huang Lvzhuang once invented bicycles. "Grand View of unofficial history in Qing Dynasty" has been published for eleven years: "Huang Lvzhuang built a two-wheeled vehicle, which is more than three feet long and can sit for one person without pushing or pulling. When walking, turn your arm around the axis, then walk as before, and walk 80 miles around the sun with your arm. " This is the earliest bicycle in the world.
Bicycles were invented by western Europeans. In A.D. 1790, the Frenchman Sifrak developed a wooden bicycle without handlebars, pedals and chains. The car is shaped like a wooden horse, with two wheels nailed to its feet and fixed on a line. Because this bicycle has no driving device and steering device, and the seat cushion is low, Sifrak rides on the bicycle by himself, with his feet on the ground and pushing back hard to make the bicycle move straight forward. 18 17, the German baron von delaisse invented a handlebar that can move freely, making his bicycle easier to replace. Delaisse applied for a patent in Britain. 1839, K. Macmillan, a British worker, pioneered a pedal bicycle with a crankshaft mechanism to drive the rear wheels, so that people can leave their feet off the ground when riding a bicycle. 186 1 year, one day, Michelson, a Parisian carriage and stroller manufacturer, repaired delaisse's bicycle. After the repair, they found it difficult to put their feet on the ramp, so they improved it, and installed a pedal crankshaft on the front wheel of the car, thus inventing Michelle's bicycle, which soon began mass production. Around 1870, a Frenchman, Ma Zhi, made a bicycle with a big front driving wheel and a small rear driven wheel. This kind of bike runs well. 1890, Humber Company of England produced a chain-driven bicycle, diamond bicycle, which has been in use ever since.
Bicycles were invented by Russians. 180 1 One day in September, Artamonov, a Russian serf, traveled 2,500 kilometers to Moscow to present a gift to Tsar Alexander I. The bicycle made by Artamonov was similar to that made by Sifrak in France. When Alexander I saw the bicycle made by Artamonov, he immediately ordered the abolition of his slave status. You got it? )