Synthetic resin is the most important component in plastics, and its content in plastics is generally 40% ~ 100%. Because of its large content and the nature of resin often determines the nature of plastic, people often regard resin as synonymous with plastic.
Step 2 pack
Fillers, also called fillers, can improve the strength and heat resistance of plastics and reduce costs. For example, adding wood flour to phenolic resin can greatly reduce the cost, make phenolic plastic one of the cheapest plastics, and significantly improve the mechanical strength.
3. Plasticizer
Plasticizer, or plasticizer, can increase the plasticity and softness of plastics, reduce brittleness and make plastics easy to process and shape. Plasticizer (plasticizer) is generally a high-boiling organic compound which is miscible with resin, non-toxic and tasteless, and stable to light and heat. Phthalate esters are the most commonly used.
4. Stabilizer
Stabilizers mainly refer to agents that keep polymer plastics, rubber and synthetic fibers stable and prevent them from decomposition and aging. In order to prevent synthetic resin from being damaged by light and thermal decomposition during processing and use, and to prolong its service life, stabilizers should be added to plastics. Commonly used are stearate and epoxy resin. The dosage of stabilizer is generally 0.3 ~ 0.5% of plastic.
5. Colorants
Colorants can make plastics have various bright and beautiful colors. Organic dyes and inorganic pigments are usually used as colorants. The natural color of synthetic resin is mostly white, translucent or colorless and transparent. In industrial production, colorants are usually used to increase the color of plastic products.
6. Lubricants
The function of lubricant is to prevent the plastic from sticking to the metal mold during molding, and at the same time, it can make the plastic surface smooth and beautiful. Commonly used lubricants include stearic acid and its calcium and magnesium salts.
7. antioxidants
Prevent plastics from yellowing and cracking due to thermal oxidation during heating molding or high temperature use.
8. Antistatic agent
Plastics are excellent insulators and easy to carry static electricity. Antistatic agents can give plastics light to medium conductivity, thus preventing the accumulation of static charges on products.
Extended data:
Plastic development
The first fully synthetic plastic came from Belgian-American Leo Hendrick Baekeland, who registered a patent for phenolic plastic.
Baekeland, the son of a shoemaker and a maid, was born in Ghent on 1863. 1884, at the age of 2 1, Baekeland received his doctorate from Ghent university. At the age of 24, he became a professor of physics and chemistry at Bruges Teachers College. 1889 just married the daughter of a university tutor, and Baekeland won a travel scholarship to go to the United States to engage in chemical research.
Encouraged by Professor Columbia University, Baekeland stayed in the United States and worked for a photography supplier. This led him to invent Velox photographic paper a few years later, which can be developed in light, not in the sun. 1893, Baekeland resigned and established Nepera chemical company.
Under the impact of new products, Eastman Kodak, a photographic equipment manufacturer, can't stand it. 1898, after two negotiations, KeDafang bought the patent right of Velox photographic paper for 750,000 US dollars (equivalent to 2065438+2003150,000 US dollars).
However, Kodak soon found that this formula didn't work, and Baekeland's answer was: This is normal. Inventors will omit one or two steps in patent documents to prevent infringement. Kodak was told that they bought the patent, but not all the knowledge. After paying another $654.38 million, Kodak knew that the secret was in a solution.
Baidu encyclopedia-plastic