Traditional transplanting tools in China ── seedling horse and bamboo pole have been used for nearly a thousand years. In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi wrote the Song of Raising Horses, describing the use of horses by farmers in Hubei. The use of bamboo poles can replace manual seedling separation and comb the seedlings into the mud for planting. Until the 1950s, it was still used in some areas. The development of rice transplanter in China began with 1953. 1956 inspired by the method of supporting and separating seedlings, the principle of transplanting seedlings in stages and groups was put forward for the first time, and a breakthrough was made in the development of rice transplanter, and the first generation of rice transplanter prototype was developed. By 1960, there are 2 1 rice transplanter recommended for production in various places. 1967, the first self-propelled motorized rice transplanter passed the appraisal and put into production, and it can transplant rice every day 15 ~ 20 mu.
Japan issued the first patent of rice transplanter in 1898, and Italy began to study rice transplanter for pulling out seedlings in 19 15. By the 1950s, tractor accessory products had been sold, but all of them could not be popularized because of complex structure, high cost and a lot of auxiliary labor required for operation. In 1960s, Japan developed the planting technology of small seedlings with soil and the corresponding rice transplanter. After 1966, the factory rice seedling raising equipment was successfully developed, which promoted the rapid development of transplanting mechanization.
2. What are the main technical features of the transplanter?
1, adjustability
The hydraulic device in the rice transplanter determines that it can adjust the operating state of the rice transplanter according to the hardness of the surface soil in the rice planting area, so as to make its stability consistent with the frequency of rice transplanting and ensure the quality of rice planting in the field. In addition, the soil hardness of different land preparation methods is very different. How to effectively adjust the grounding pressure of the bottom plate of rice transplanter to ensure the quality of rice transplanting?
2. Adjust the transplanting depth quantitatively.
Before the actual transplanting operation, it is necessary to effectively determine the density of rice transplanting according to the local planting environment and the growth characteristics of rice varieties to ensure the effective adjustment of transplanting machinery. Generally speaking, the row spacing of rice transplanters is 30 cm, and the plant spacing should be adjusted according to the needs of field planting to ensure that the planting density can meet the rice yield demand.
3. Perfect performance
The application of rice transplanter in rice planting is increasing. In the process of continuous development, the technical level and automation degree of rice transplanter are also constantly improving. The effective application of rice transplanter can not only improve rice planting efficiency, but also liberate a large number of labor and optimize rural industrial structure. In the actual development process, the working efficiency of mechanical transplanting technology is obviously higher than that of manual transplanting. Therefore, in the future agricultural production, agricultural machinery can be regarded as the primary productive force.