High-speed rail is high-speed railway.
High-speed railway refers to a railway system that runs at a speed of more than 200 kilometers per hour by transforming the original line (linearization and gauge standardization) or building a new "high-speed line". High-speed railway should not only reach a certain speed standard when the train is running, but also need the joint promotion of vehicles, tracks and operations.
Maglev train is a kind of train driven by magnetic levitation force (magnetic attraction and repulsion). Because of the magnetic force of its orbit, it is suspended in the air and does not need to touch the ground when walking, so its resistance is only the resistance of air. The maximum speed of maglev train can reach more than 500 kilometers per hour, which is more than 300 kilometers higher than wheel-rail high-speed rail and faster than Aauto. The research of magnetic levitation technology originated in Germany. As early as 1922, German engineer Herman Qiangsuo put forward the principle of electromagnetic levitation, and applied for the patent of maglev train in 1934. /kloc-after the 1970s, with the continuous strengthening of the economic strength of the industrialized countries in the world, developed countries such as Germany and Japan began to plan to develop magnetic levitation transportation systems in order to improve their transportation capacity to meet the needs of their own economic development.
According to international standards, urban rail transit trains are divided into three types: A, B and C, which correspond to train widths of 3m, 2.8m and 2.6m respectively. All rail transit lines using A-type or B-type trains are called subways, and 5-8 trains are used. The rail transit line with C-type trains is called light rail, and 2 ~ 4 trains are used. Vehicle type and train formation determine the axle load and platform length. Shanghai Rail Transit Line 3 uses six A-type trains, 90% of which are on viaducts, but it still belongs to subway lines according to the vehicle classification standard. Shanghai Rail Transit Line 6 adopts four C-type trains, 70% of which are in tunnels, but it still belongs to light rail lines according to vehicle classification standards. Type A train is the highest-end urban rail transit train at present. Its characteristics are wide car body and large grouping. The width of Type A train is 3 meters, and the width of Alstom Metroplis subway train used in Shanghai Rail Transit 10 line reaches 3.2 meters. The maximum passenger capacity of 6 A-type subway trains is 2,460, and the maximum passenger capacity of 8 A-type subway trains of Shanghai Rail Transit 1 Line and Line 2, Alstom and Siemens is 3,280. The cost and technical content of B-type and C-type cars are less than that of A-type cars. With the development of China, some large and medium-sized cities have opened or are building subways and light rails. Ordinary people have little contact with the urban rail transit system and understand it relatively late, so there are some misunderstandings in their concepts. For the difference between the two, some people think that in urban rail transit, the subway is called the subway, and the light rail is the ground or overhead light rail; Others think that the rail weight of light rail is lighter than that of subway, both of which are wrong. Urban rail transit can be divided into subway and light rail, and can be built underground, above ground or on elevated roads. In order to enhance the stability of the track, reduce the workload of maintenance and repair, increase the backflow section and reduce stray current, both the subway and the light rail choose the international standard double track with the track gauge of 1435 mm as the train track, which is the same as the track specification selected by the national railway train, and there is no so-called track weight difference.