What do the symbols such as [R][J][D][M] after the works in general references stand for? Detail point

In reference works, R stands for scientific reports, J stands for periodicals, D stands for dissertations and M stands for monographs.

According to GB3469-83 File Types and File Carrier Codes, reference types and file types are identified by a single letter, mainly including:

Monograph m; Newspaper n; Journal j; Patent document p; Compilation g; Ancient books o; Technical standards;

Dissertation d; Scientific and technological report; Reference tool k; Search tool w; File b; Tape a;

Chart q; Record l; Product sample x; Video tape v; Meeting minutes; Chinese translation test;

Music score I; Movie y; Manuscript h; Microfilm u; Slide z; Miniature flat film f; Other e.

Extended data

The main types of references have the following formats:

1, monographs, papers, dissertations and reports

[serial number] Principal. Title of the document [Document Type ID]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication. Page number (optional).

2. Newspaper articles

【 Serial number 】 Principal responsible person. File title [J]. Publication name, year, volume (issue): page numbers.

3. Patent documents

[serial number] patent owner. Patent name [P]. Patent country: patent number, publication date.

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