Who invented the maglev train?

Herman Kemper maglev train in Germany is a kind of contactless rail vehicle without wheels, and its speed can reach 500 kilometers per hour. Its principle is to make the train "suspend" above or below the track for frictionless operation by using the mutual attraction or repulsion force between the normally conducting or superconducting electromagnet and the induced magnetic field, thus overcoming the problems of adhesion limitation, mechanical noise and wear of the traditional train track, and having the advantages of quick start and stop and strong climbing ability. As early as 1922, Hermann Kemper of Germany put forward the principle of electromagnetic levitation, and applied for the patent of magnetic levitation train in 1934, which began to weave the dream of high-speed riding for human beings. People's pursuit of speed has turned to magnetic levitation with greatly reduced friction and resistance. From a technical point of view, magnetic levitation is not as advanced as inventions such as quantum computers. With a small magnet and a nail, we can easily feel the attraction and repulsion caused by magnetic force. Of course, this suspension is only schematic and it is difficult to reach a stable state. Scientists' ideas are not something we can fiddle with with with a simple magnet. After decades of development, magnetic levitation technology has formed two major research directions, namely EMS system and EDS system represented by Germany and Japan respectively. EMS (Constant Magnetic Gravitation) system approved by Germany is the basic principle of using conventional electromagnets to attract general iron-containing substances to adsorb and suspend trains. EDS (Exclusion Suspension) system, which is favored by Japan, uses the principle of superconducting magnetic levitation to generate repulsive force between wheels and rails, so that the train runs in suspension. At present, both models have reached the speed of about 500 kilometers per hour, and both schemes are feasible, which is really difficult to distinguish.