Is it necessary for shareholders who have invested in a technology patent to transfer their patents and technical secrets to the company free of charge or let the company monopolize them?

There are many kinds of patent licenses. If you want a piece of the pie, you don't have to give it to the other party by way of exclusive patent license. It depends on the agreement between the two parties. And since you are a shareholder, it is not provided for free. At least you will get dividends, or corresponding rewards, or a certain proportion of product sales. Patented technology is open technology, as long as the technology in the patent is transferred.