Use of sesbania, cashew nuts and acacia as gum plants or production process thereof

the endosperm of sesbania gum sesbania seed is sesbania gum after being crushed into fine powder, but the seed coat and cotyledon must be separated, and the purer the endosperm, the better. Sesbania gum's production is a new industry developed around 1975. Processors used to spread all over northern Jiangsu, eastern Henan, southwestern Shandong and coastal areas of northern Zhejiang. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 3 large and small factories, among which most of them are county-level enterprises with an annual output of more than 1 tons, and there are about 1, and the rest are small township factories. Before 198, sesbania endosperm slices were produced by dry method all over the country, and the yield was only stable at 18%, with the highest not exceeding 2%. By 1985, Nanjing Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants had successfully studied the technology of combining dry and wet methods, which could not only increase the yield of endosperm slices to about 24%, but also keep the viscosity of finished products unaffected. The key points of the process are as follows:

seed cleaning → rapid high-temperature treatment (hot water) → dehumidification → peeling → screening → drying → tablet selection → coarse grinding → temperature control → fine grinding → separation → finished product → packaging.

from 1975 to 1985, sesbania gum in the domestic market was mainly used for oil production, metallurgical beneficiation and mining blasting, followed by a small amount for textile, daily chemical and other industries. Among them, the oilfields that need sesbania gum are mainly Daqing, Shengli and Kelamala, and the demand is around 1,2 tons for many years.

sesbania gum's applications in petroleum industry include (1) water-based fracturing fluid, (2) drilling fluid and (3) downhole temporary sealing and plugging agent. Among them, water-based fracturing fluid is the most important. Water-based fracturing fluid is a gel made of viscous substances with certain properties, so that it can carry a large number of proppants (such as sand particles) and fill it underground, and then crack the oil layer with strong pressure, and then the gel is broken and removed, forming an artificial permeable layer, allowing crude oil to flow out smoothly, thus improving crude oil production. To prepare this kind of gel, aluminum soap gasoline gel was first used, and then gelatinized starch, Arabic gum, gelatin and pectin were used, but few users used it. After that, we switched to guar gum and carob gum, and the dosage increased year by year. Sesbania gum produced in China has similar performance to guar gum, and has formed an industry as a substitute for the application of guar gum in oil fields.

galactomannan gum can flocculate clay, so it can be used in mineral processing as an inhibitor of silicate slime to improve the recovery rate of ore. Now it has been applied in the beneficiation of potash mine, nickel mine, copper mine, uranium mine and gold mine, and the effect is very good. Sesbania gum, as a galactomannan gum, has been successfully applied in the beneficiation of nickel ore and nickel-copper ore in China. It also has a good effect as a gelling agent in slurry explosives. In addition, sesbania gum can also be used in papermaking, textile, coating, tobacco, cosmetics, pesticides and other industries.

because sesbania grows in beaches, saline-alkali wetlands, river beaches and other places, after years of soil improvement, the places where sesbania used to grow have now become fertile fields. Therefore, the resources of sesbania are decreasing day by day, and the output of sesbania gum has also declined.

The woody part of cashew nut shell contains water-soluble polysaccharides, and the water-soluble substances including polyphenols account for 3% ~ 38%. According to Indian patents and technological process, the yield of cashew nut shell gum is over 9%, which is grayish white or light brown slightly acidic powder. Can be used in cosmetics, medicines, textiles, paper making and ink. Its main component is galactose, which is also a good raw material for preparing D-galactose. D-galactose can be made into 5% D-galactose injection in pharmaceutical industry to measure liver function. Galactose is also used to produce galactoside of diaminodiphenyl sulfone, that is, bactericide Tibatin；; Biochemical reagents such as D-fucose, D-galacturonic acid, galactose diacid, etc. can also be prepared, and cashew gum can also be directly used to produce dulcitol.

acacia trunk can secrete gum, which is a substitute for Arabic gum. The trunk of an adult acacia tree can be cut into a small crack like Arabic gum tree, and the gum flows out. Usually, the gum is collected in the morning and properly dried to become a commodity.

Acacia in China is mainly used in spice production, and the output is not very large.