Diamonds are an eternal brainwashing slogan. I believe everyone has heard of it, so how much do we know about diamonds? What kinds of diamond cutters are there? Today, let's learn about diamond cutting!
What kinds of diamond cutters are there?
Ideal Cut Ideal Cut: It represents the standard that only 3% of first-class quality diamonds can reach. This kind of cutting makes the diamond reflect almost all the light entering the diamond, which is an elegant and outstanding cutting.
Very good cut: represents about 15% of the diamond cut. It can make diamonds reflect the light of standard grade cutting, but the price is slightly higher.
Good cutting: about 25% of diamond cutting. It is the diamond that reflects most of the light entering the drill, which is much cheaper than VG.
General cutting is general: the diamond cut with a roughness of 35% is still a high-quality diamond, but the light reflected by the diamond cut generally is not as good as that of the G cut.
Poor: This includes all diamonds that do not meet the general cutting standards. These diamonds are cut deep and narrow or shallow and wide, which is convenient for light to escape from the edge or bottom.
9 kinds of famous diamond cutting
Standard round drill cutting (round drill cutting)
Shape: round
Cutting: bright/brilliant
19 19, MarcelTolkowsky drew a cutting and grinding pattern of a round drill through optical calculation, which can well reflect the fire luster. This cutting mill includes 58 facets, such as table top, upper and lower waist surfaces, star-shaped facets and sharp bottom. For those who score below 25 points, but are four-corner rough stones, cutting according to this ratio will lose the most weight. So this can only be used for reference. Tokowski's cutting ratio is: average waist diameter: 100% table top: 53.0% crown height: 16.2% pavilion height: 43. 1% crown angle: 34 degrees 30 minutes, pavilion angle: 40 degrees 45 minutes. This cutting ratio lays the foundation for ideal diamond cutting. Different regions have different cutting ratios. Tokowski cutting is also called American cutting, and others are German cutting and European cutting.
Oval bright cutting machine (oval bright cutting machine)
Shape: oval
Cutting: bright/brilliant
There is a bow tie effect. Its original stone retention rate can reach 50% to 60%, which is suitable for octahedral diamond original stone. In addition, because it can retain the high quality of diamonds, it is mostly used for many ancient diamonds that have been re-cut, and the contour requires shoulder symmetry.
Pear-shaped incision
Shape: pear-shaped
Cutting: bright/brilliant
Pear-shaped cutting was very popular in Louis XIV of France. Nearly 20% of the famous diamonds in history have adopted this kind of cutting, including Cullinan 1, the largest diamond in the world. This tool is suitable for machining rough diamonds with damaged or defective corners at one end. Pay attention to protect sharp corners when inlaying. Outline requirements: the two flanks are symmetrical and the sharp corners are free from defects.
Horse-eye cutter (horse-eye cutter)
Shape: olive tip.
Cutting: bright/brilliant
It is also translated as horse eye cutting machine or ship cutting machine. This cut diamond has sharp corners at both ends and looks like a stone, hence its name. There is a bow tie effect.
This kind of cut rough stone has a low retention rate and is characterized by sharp corners at both ends, where inclusions can be well covered and the sparkle at the sharp corners is extremely high. Pay attention to protect sharp corners when inlaying.
Outline requirements: symmetrical sharp corners, no defects.
Square cutting (square cutting)
Shape: square
Cutting: bright/bright or mixed.
Square cutters have a square or rectangular shape, usually with 76 facets. But there are also 6 1, 10 1 facet or 144 facet. Among them, 10 1 faceted square bright cutting is the registered patent cutting of E.F.D diamond company, that is, princess side.
The brightness and flicker produced by sharp corners and pavilion facets reduce the visibility of inclusions and slightly "improve" the color level of diamonds. Compared with round cut diamonds, square cut diamonds with the same weight seem to be 65,438+05% larger in appearance.
Square is suitable for seamless setting of closely arranged diamonds, but diamonds of other shapes can't, but the sharp corners need to be protected when setting.
Heart-shaped cut (heart-shaped cut)
Shape: heart-shaped
Cutting: bright/brilliant
A diamond is composed of two symmetrical wings with a groove in the middle and a sharp corner at the bottom, like a heart.
Heart-shaped cut diamonds are shallow and suitable for rough diamonds with irregular shapes and flat overall. It can remove the inclusions in the original groove and improve the purity of the diamond, but the retention rate of this cut rough stone is low.
The shape evaluation of heart-shaped diamonds mainly focuses on the symmetry of the two flanks and the fullness of the shape.
Emerald cutting
Shape: rectangle
Cutting: step type
A typical derivative processing method of step cutting is that all sections are parallel or perpendicular to the square outer waistline of the diamond, and the shape is rectangular, the pavilion and crown are flat, and the bottom tip is straight. Because it is often used in the processing of emeralds, it is named.
Emerald-cut diamonds are difficult to hide inclusions, and are suitable for rough stones with high clarity, rectangles, corners or slightly damaged inclusions, and the retention rate of rough stones can reach 60% to 70%.
Outline requirements: pay attention to the size of the four corners cut off, and the line and surface must be strictly parallel.
Radiation cutting
Shape: rectangle
Cutting: mixed type
Radiation cutting was invented in 1977. Craftsmen hope to combine the elegant appearance of emerald cutting with the brightness of circular cutting to create this kind of cutting.
The radiation has a rectangular shape and four corners are cut off. It not only takes into account the retention rate of emerald-cut plateau stone and the easy-to-match shape, but also has excellent optical properties such as round and brilliant cutting.
Radiation cutting is suitable for rough stones with slightly rectangular shape, damaged corners and defects, and the retention rate of rough stones is high.
At least four sharp corners should be fixed in the form of four-claw inlay to ensure the firmness and safety of inlay.
Buffer cutting
Shape: rectangular rounded corners
Cutting: Bright/Brilliant Classics
Also known as "pillowcase".
Cushion knife has 58 sections, which is the predecessor of Ming Dao now. Comparatively speaking, the table is smaller, other cross sections are larger, the diamond has a thin waist and is flat as a whole, and the bottom tip is machined into a short section, so you can see that there is a "hole" in the diamond from the table.
Cushion cutting spread from 19 to the 20th century, and it is a cutting method formed after many times of development and improvement. Diamonds have been modified several times before this. Since 1830, diamonds have been used for nearly a century, and only this kind of cutting is used, including many world-famous diamonds, such as Hope and Regent.
Compared with modern bright cutting, pillow-cut diamonds have higher scattering fire color.
Nowadays, young people buy diamond rings before they get married, but many people don't know much about diamonds. The above is the relevant information about diamond cutting, hoping to help you better understand diamonds.