Theoretical system, key technology and engineering application of high-speed railway cross-section jointless track
Cross-section jointless track is a track continuously laid by welding long rails, which completely eliminates rail joints and is the core technology to ensure high smoothness and low maintenance of high-speed railway. Without cross-section jointless track, serious wheel-rail interaction will seriously restrict the development of high-speed railway. At the beginning of the research, the cross-section jointless track is faced with some key problems, such as adaptability to complex climate, coordination between long bridges and elevated stations, and controllability of safe operation.
Through theoretical innovation and technological breakthrough, the research team of Professor Gao Liang of Beijing Jiaotong University has formed a theoretical and applied technical system of cross-section jointless track with independent intellectual property rights. The fine analysis theory and design method of jointless turnout are established, which overcomes the technical problem of large number of jointless turnout in large temperature difference area. The spatial coupling analysis theory of jointless track and long bridge is established, which breaks through the technical bottleneck that long bridge can not continuously lay jointless track. The collaborative simulation system is independently developed, which innovates the analysis theory and design method of seamless turnout in elevated station and solves the major problems of high-speed railway. The monitoring and evaluation system of cross-section jointless track is constructed, which fills the gap in this field.
The project has formed seven related standards, obtained dozens of intellectual property rights, and published hundreds of works in academic journals at home and abroad. The monograph "Research and Application of Key Technologies of High-speed Railway Continuous Welded Track" is considered by experts as "of great academic and application value".
The research results are at the international advanced level as a whole, and have been widely used in the construction of many domestic high-speed railways and railways in Thailand, Iran and other countries, with remarkable economic benefits, which is of great significance to the large-scale construction of high-speed railways in China and even the world.
Superhard cubic boron nitride with nanometer twin structure
Ultra-hard tools play an increasingly important role in modern processing industry. At the same time, improving the hardness, toughness and stability of superhard tool materials has always been the pursuit of scientific and industrial circles.
Chinese and foreign scientists, led by Professor Tian Yongjun from the State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Preparation Technology and Science of Yanshan University, established the theoretical model of polycrystalline materials hardening for the first time, and found that the nano-scale hardness should be attributed to the contribution of Hall-Page effect and quantum confinement effect. Subsequently, they synthesized nano-twin cubic boron nitride through martensitic transformation of onion BN at high temperature and high pressure, and its crystal structure is similar to that of Russian dolls. The hardness of the material is higher than that of synthetic diamond single crystal, the toughness is better than that of commercial cemented carbide, and the oxidation resistance temperature is higher than that of cubic boron nitride single crystal itself. At the same time, they also found that nano-twin cubic boron nitride can continue to harden to 3.8 nm with the decrease of twin thickness, which broke through the well-known lower limit of material hardening (about 10 nm). The basic principle and synthesis technology of this study are also applicable to the synthesis of nano-twin diamonds and their composites. From then on, a series of tool materials with better comprehensive performance will be born and will play an important role in machining, geological exploration, oil and gas exploitation and other industries.
The above research results were published in the June 20 13 issue of Nature. This paper is introduced on the cover and catalog page of Nature magazine, and the theme is "Hard Times: Now cubic boron nitride is competing with diamond in its extremely hard state". At the same time, the original drawings of synthetic samples were distributed and reported by many internationally renowned societies, media and magazines. The scientific and technological achievements of Yanshan University and China Youshi University (Beijing) were selected as the top ten scientific and technological progress of China universities in 20 14. This is the second time since 20 13 that a member university of Beijing Hi-Tech University Alliance has won this honor.
Nano-twin diamond with extremely high hardness and stability
Natural diamond has always been considered as the hardest material in nature. Since 1955 successfully synthesized diamond, it has become the dream of scientific and industrial circles to synthesize materials harder than natural diamond.
Under the guidance of the established hardening model of polycrystalline materials, the Chinese and foreign research teams led by Professor Tian Yongjun of Yanshan University successfully synthesized nano-twin diamonds with extremely high hardness and thermal stability with onion carbon as the precursor, and the average twin thickness was only 5 nm. The Vickers hardness of nano-twin diamond can reach 200GPa, which is twice that of natural diamond, realizing the dream of synthesizing harder materials than natural diamond. Its toughness is twice as high as that of diamond single crystal, and its oxidation resistance temperature is more than 200 degrees Celsius higher than that of natural diamond. The remarkable improvement of hardness, toughness and thermal stability will double the life of this kind of superhard tools.
This achievement was published in the journal Nature from 2065438 to June 2004. The cover and catalog pages of the magazine were respectively guided, with the titles of Extreme Diamond: Nano-twin Synthesis Pushing its Hardness and Thermal Stability to the Peak and Hard Science: Synthetic Diamond is Stronger and Stronger, News &; The opinion column "Diamonds become harder" also introduces this work in detail. This achievement has aroused widespread concern and high praise in academic circles, and has been reported by magazines such as Nano Today and Materials Today, as well as news media and scientific websites such as Science and Technology Daily, Reference News, Huffington Post, Chicago Forum and Los Angeles Times.
A New Process for Producing High-quality Clean Gasoline by C4 Alkylation of Composite Ionic Liquid
The increasingly stringent environmental requirements call for cleaner gasoline. C4 alkylated oil has the advantages of high octane number, no sulfur, no olefin and no aromatic hydrocarbon, and is the most ideal blending component of clean gasoline. The traditional process uses concentrated sulfuric acid or hydrofluoric acid as catalyst, which has serious equipment corrosion, potential environmental pollution and personal injury, and its industrial application is challenged more and more. Therefore, the development of environmentally friendly C4 alkylation technology has always been the focus of the world refining industry.
The research team led by Professor Xu Chunming and Professor Liu Zhichang of Youshi University in China innovatively developed a composite ionic liquid catalyst with high activity and selectivity. A new process of C4 alkylation of composite ionic liquid was successfully developed, and the monitoring method and regeneration technology of catalyst activity were invented. The pipeline reactor, hydrocyclone and other special equipment have been successfully developed, and the world's first "654.38+ 1 100 million tons/year C4 alkylation industrial plant" has been built. The results of industrial operation show that the octane number of the product is above 97, the equivalent consumption of catalyst per ton of paraffin oil is 5 kg, and the energy consumption per ton of paraffin oil is 157kgEO. According to the appraisal of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, "this technology has independent intellectual property rights, and the overall technology is at the international leading level, which has broad application prospects and popularization value". The successful application of this technology provides a brand-new solution for the cleaning and overall quality upgrading of commercial gasoline in China and even the world.
This technology won international invention patents 17 and China invention patents 10, and published more than 30 papers. On September 20 14, he was awarded the unique technical invention special prize of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation. Liu Chuanzhi: 1966 graduated from Northwest Institute of Telecommunications (now xidian university) and was one of the founders of Beijing Computer New Technology Development Company. China, a famous entrepreneur, investor and founder of Lenovo Group. He was the chairman of Legend Holdings Limited and the chairman of the board of directors of Lenovo Group Limited. He was rated as the 25 most influential business leaders in the world and the godfather of modern business in China. IT has successively won the titles of "Best Business Person in Asia" and "Business Leader of China in Ten Years", which is the pride of China's national IT industry. 20 10 won the "world entrepreneur" award. 20 1 10, as one of the four American entrepreneurs invited by the White House, attended the Roundtable of Chinese and American Entrepreneurs held during the President's visit to the United States.
Tang Jun: I graduated from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. As a professional manager in China. Known as the "working emperor." 1994 joined the US headquarters of Microsoft Corporation, and served as the general manager of Microsoft Global Technology Center and the president of Microsoft China Corporation. Tang Jun is the only employee who won the Bill Gates Outstanding Award and the highest honor award twice in Microsoft history, and also won the Microsoft Outstanding Management Award, and was designated as one of the future leaders of Microsoft. Tang Jun also won the title of the only honorary president of Microsoft China in the history of Microsoft. In 2004, he became the president of Shanda Internet Company, the largest interactive entertainment company in China, and helped Shanda successfully go public on NASDAQ. Known by Wall Street as the first person in China's capital. In 2008, Mr. Tang Jun was transferred to Xinhuadu Group as the president and CEO with the value of "one billion". At the same time, Tang Jun was widely praised by China media as "the first professional manager" in China and the first CEO in China. 2065438+20031October 28th, 65438+2003, Tang Jun announced to the outside world through his personal Weibo that he would leave Xinhuadu to focus on Hong Kong and Macao information and become the chairman and CEO.