1, the capitalist system was generally established, but Britain in the18th century was relatively peaceful with the European continent in the middle and late19th century, creating a peaceful environment for scientific and technological innovation.
2. The protection of patent system enables technology to spread widely and safely.
3. Countries generally attach importance to education. Western Europe, which accepted the Enlightenment, is willing to be innovative and realistic, and has trained a large number of scientists and engineers. And the creation of workers is also respected.
The surge of market demand forces all industries to improve labor productivity and attach importance to the research and development of new technologies.