Although no one cares about Lillifeld's patent, it is not a piece of waste paper. When the famous Xiao Kelai worked in Bell Laboratories, he also had the idea of field effect transistor, but due to the patent protection of Lillifeld, Xiao Kelai's original patent application for field effect transistor was completely rejected. Everyone in Jambers laboratory was shocked by this result, so that in 1948, Bardeen had many concerns when applying for the patent of point contact transistor with bratton, fearing that the patent protection of Lillifeld would hinder his patent application. In fact, most people around Badin think that this patent application is doomed to fail. Of course, things are going well. 1950, this patent application was approved and officially awarded to Bell Laboratories.
It should be noted here that there is no Shockley in the patent signature of the point contact transistor in Bell Laboratories. You know, the basic principles of transistors are all worked out by little Clay. Xiao Kelai has always considered himself the father of transistors, and he himself is the leader of the semiconductor group of Bell Laboratories. What's going on here? It turned out that when the patent lawyer of Bell Laboratories applied for a patent, he found that part of the patent of the point contact transistor was in conflict with the patent that Xiao Kelai applied for before, so he didn't add his name. This incident made little Clay very angry and feel inferior. I can't help it After all, Badin and bratton have made greater contributions to the point contact transistor, and they have already reached the front of him. Be brave after knowing shame. Xiao Kelai revealed the true colors of genius at this time. He locked himself in the laboratory for a whole month, thinking hard and inventing the manufacturing scheme of junction transistor. This is a more practical transistor scheme. In particular, it is easier to use in integrated circuits. 1950165438+1October, the small klein junction transistor was successfully manufactured. In order to make this transistor widely known quickly, he also wrote a monograph to introduce the theory and principle of junction transistor. Xiao Ke has proved himself worthy of the title of "Father of Transistors" with his diligence and genius.
Li Lifei was a professor at the School of Physics of the University of Leipzig during 19 16- 1926. His main academic contributions include:
The X-ray tube was improved and later called Lilienfeld tube.
Inventing or improving ultra-high vacuum technology;
A new field emission phenomenon was discovered, which was later called the ona effect.
He holds a number of American patents for field effect transistors, and puts forward a new idea for solid-state amplifiers, which is "nearly 20 years earlier than the work of Shockley, bratton and Bardeen".
Lily field died in America on 1963. 1988, american physical society established the Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize according to the legacy of Beatrice Lilienfeld, the widow of Li Lifeid, in recognition of scientists who have made outstanding contributions in the field of physics. Among them, stephen william hawking, whom we are familiar with, won the Lillifeld Award of 1999. Kip Thorne won the Lillifield Prize of 1996. This Kip Si Tong was the winner of the Nobel Prize in 20 17 (verifying gravitational waves) and the scientific director of the American science fiction film Interstellar in 20 14.