The methods of artificially adjusting flowering period mainly include adjusting temperature and changing photoperiod.
(1) Adjust the temperature.
The influence of temperature on plants includes two aspects. First, at a certain temperature, plants break dormancy or vernalization and begin to grow or differentiate flower buds. Second, temperature acts on the growth rate of plants, which can promote or inhibit the growth of plants and change the flowering time through temperature control.
The growth and development of plants have certain periodicity. For example, a biennial grass flower has a lifetime growth cycle. For perennial plants, it is generally considered that one year is a growth cycle. The temperature required for normal fertility or the temperature suitable for fertility changes in a cycle of years. This characteristic of plants is called temperature-induced periodicity. It is by this periodicity that the flowering time can be adjusted by temperature control. That is to say, by artificially adjusting the temperature of the plant growth environment, the most suitable conditions for the periodicity of plant temperature sensing are given, so that it can grow and bloom in advance, or it can not be inhibited by conditions.
(2) Change the lighting.
The periodic alternation of bright period and dark period is called photoperiod. The long period of the Ming Dynasty is a long day, and the short period of the Ming Dynasty is a short day. The growth or flowering of plants is affected by the length of sunshine, which is called photoperiodicity. In the regulation of flowering period, the photoperiodicity of plants is usually used
Generally speaking, plants that bloom in the long sunshine season are long sunshine plants. Plants that bloom in the short-day season are short-day plants. Take chrysanthemum as an example. Chrysanthemum is a short-day plant. If you want it to bloom in the long sunshine season in spring and summer, you need shading treatment to shorten the photoperiod. If you want it to bloom in winter, you need to increase the light, inhibit its flower bud differentiation and let it grow nutritionally. If it is a long-day plant treatment method, the opposite is true.