1. Multiple choice questions
1. Human history before written records was ( )
A Stone Age B. Prehistoric times c. Clan commune D. Early Homo sapiens
2. The following sites that do not belong to the early Homo sapiens stage discovered in China are ( )
A. Beijinger b. Maba people C. Changyang people D. People from Dingcun
3. The following sites that do not belong to the late Homo sapiens stage discovered in China are ( )
A. Caveman B. People from Liujiang C. Hetao people D. Dali people
The two major river basins of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River can be called the two cradles of Chinese civilization and were the most economically and culturally developed regions at that time. Answer questions 4 to 6 based on the knowledge you have learned:
4. The following cultural relics do not belong to the Yellow River Basin ( )
A. Yangshao Culture B Longshan Culture C. Hongshan Culture D. Dawenkou Culture
5. The following cultural relics do not belong to the Yangtze River Basin (
A. Liangzhu Culture B. Majiayao Culture C. Hemudu Culture D. Qingliangang Culture
6. Hemudu Culture is the most The most distinctive feature is ( )
A. Polished bone tools C. Artificial fire building
7. The invention of handmade chives was a great achievement at that time, and it was the first time that humans changed the properties of natural objects to serve the purpose of human use
A. Pottery B. Jadeware D. Bows and arrows
8 In the early 1920s, the trend of doubting antiquity under the banner of ( ) began to reflect on Chinese traditional culture
A. Debating ancient history B. Looking back to the three generations C. Datong Xiaokang
9. Which of the following statements about the transformation of a matrilineal clan society into a patrilineal clan society is ( )
A. The corresponding transformation of marriage patterns.
C Changes in the property inheritance system D. This change is caused by changes in economic relations
10. In the legends of ancient Chinese society, it is said that () tastes herbs and saves people from suffering. Invented primitive medicine; "Plowed to make pottery", invented primitive pottery industry; taught people to farm, and primitive agriculture and primitive culture appeared
A. Emperor Yan D. ?
11. "Han Feizi" records: "In the ancient times, people ate melons, fruits, clams, and the smell was fishy. There were many diseases among the people. Some saints made fire by drilling flints to remove the smell." The ancient residents of our country who drilled flints to make fire are equivalent to ( )
A. Yuanmou people B. Lantian people C. Peking people D. Shanding Cave people
12. "Today the great road is hidden , The world is a family, everyone has relatives, everyone has his own children, goods and resources are his own, and everyone in the world regards it as a courtesy.
"The correct understanding or evaluation of this sentence is ( )
① Hereditary becomes a kind of slavery ② The slavery system is established ③ The end of primitive society ④ It is historical progress
A. ①②③④ B. ①②③ C. ①③④ D. ②③④
13. The cultural site that provides us with important physical data for studying the history of my country’s architecture more than 5,000 years ago.
A. Qujialing Culture B. Liangzhu Culture C. Hongshan Culture D. Banpo Culture
2. Explanation of terms
1. Pekingese 2. ．Liangzhu Culture 5. Clan Commune 7. Hongshan Culture
1. The analysis of this question is to test the mastery of basic concepts. Option A, human beings use stone tools as their main working tools, which is called the Stone Age in archaeology. Option B, the prehistoric era of human history with written records is the correct answer. Option C, clans and communes are the basic units of primitive society, a form of social organization based on public ownership of production data and connected by blood ties and lineage. Option D, the Middle Paleolithic Age in archaeology, is called the Middle Paleolithic Age in anthropology. Early Homo sapiens stage.
2. A Analysis of the Middle Paleolithic Age, anthropology calls it the early Homo sapiens stage. Beijing Man belongs to the Early Paleolithic Age and does not fall into this range. The other three sites are all in the middle Paleolithic period, which is the early Homo sapiens stage.
3. D analyzes the late Paleolithic period in anthropology and calls it the late Homo sapiens stage. , Dali people belong to the early Homo sapiens stage and do not fall into this range.
4. C Analysis Item C Hongshan Culture is mainly found in the north of Yanshan and the upper reaches of the Daling River and Liaohe River, not in the Yellow River Basin. Column.
5. B Analysis The Majiayao culture is the late Neolithic culture in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. It is named after the Majiayao culture in Lintao, Gansu Province.
6. D Analysis The most distinctive feature of the Hemudu culture is a stilt-style building with piles and boards raised above the ground. In addition, it should be noted that the remains of water wells were found in the ruins, which are the earliest known remains of water wells in China.
7．A Analysis of option A, the invention of pottery was of great significance at that time. The invention of pottery at that time was directly related to people's living life. It not only satisfied people's use, but also painted various patterns. There are also some symbols similar to characters, which have attracted the attention of officials and scholars.
8. A. Analysis: From the late Qing Dynasty, Chinese intellectuals accepted the influence of Western culture. "Chinese ancient history caused by" the viewpoint, creating the "ancient history debate" school.
9 D
10. C Analysis This question aims to test the memory of characters in ancient legends. Emperor Yan, surnamed Jiang. Because he was the King of Fire Virtue, his enemies called him Emperor Zhi. He taught people to farm and established calendars, and was also honored as Shennong. Yi Xi made gossip and taught his family to build nets for fishing and hunting. Huangdi, named Xuanyuan clan, has the auspiciousness of native virtue, so he is named Huangdi. Candidates must carefully distinguish the main deeds of each character so as not to lose points easily.
11. D Analysis: This question is first designed to test the candidates' basic skills in classical Chinese. That is, the candidates must summarize which era was the era of artificial 3?
fire. This is the prerequisite for answering this question, and then compare the options to get the answer. I know that option D is consistent with the meaning of the question and should be selected.
12． A Analysis: This sentence comes from the Liyun chapter of Confucius's "Book of Rites". It says: Today's moral principles are no longer enforced. The world has become a family and everyone is close to their relatives. Each raises his own children, owns food and supplies, and the hereditary system of the nobility becomes the social norm. The meaning is: In the society at that time, the hereditary system had replaced the abdication system and became a ritual system. The clan system collapsed, private ownership emerged, primitive society ended, the slavery system was established, and mankind began to enter the civilized era. This is historical progress.
13． C
1. Multiple-choice question
lXia Qi won the victory against the Youhu clan, which meant that the Xia Dynasty stabilized its power and gained a firm foothold in the battle ( )
A. Battle of Mingtiao B. Battle of Ghan C. The Battle of Makino and the Battle of Dhong
The Erlitou Culture is a major discovery in the archaeological history of our country and is of great significance. Based on the knowledge you have learned, answer questions 2 to 4:
2. The discovery and research of the Erlitou Culture and related archaeological sites has been a hot topic in the history circle for several years. The age limit of the Erlitou Culture is ( )
A is later than the Longshan Culture in Henan and earlier than the Erligang Shang Culture
B. Later than Erligang Shang Culture and earlier than Henan Longshan Culture
C. Later than Luoda Temple Culture and earlier than Erligang Shang Culture
D. Later than Luoda Temple Culture and earlier than Henan Longshan Culture
3. Erlitou culture can be divided into types ( )
A. Erligang, Erlitou B. Erligang, Dongxiafeng
C. Erlitou, Dongxiafeng D. Erlitou and Luoda Temple
4 Regarding the significance of the discovery of Erlitou culture, the following option most accurately expresses ( )
A. Established the historical status and age of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors
B. Established the historical status of the Shang Dynasty and its predecessors
C. Establish the historical status of the Xia Dynasty and clarify the location of the political center of the Xia Dynasty
D. It enriches the oracle bone inscription materials for the study of Xia Dynasty
5. The King of Shang was the supreme ruler and called himself ( ) 7?
A. There is only one person left B. I C． The widow D is alone
6. It is recorded in the literature that ( ) was appointed Situ by Shun due to his meritorious service in assisting Yu in controlling floods, and took Zi as his surname, which reflects that the Shang tribe joined the Chinese tribal alliance in the Central Plains very early
A. Jane B. Deed C. Ancient Danfu D. Soup
7. Chengtang's extermination of Xia began with the crusade against ( ), which was an ally of the Xia Dynasty and was near the capital of Tang. Because its leader did not offer sacrifices and gave people evidence, it became a soup and was destroyed
A. Jie B. Youhu's C． Ge D Fufengshi
8. Wu Ding succeeded to the throne and promoted ( ) to the position of prime minister. He "cultivated political ethics" internally and conducted a series of wars externally and achieved victory. At this time, the Shang Dynasty reached its peak
A. Fu said B. Yi Yin C. Bigan D. Fei Zhong
9. After King Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he divided the territory of the Shang Dynasty into ( ), and enfeoffed his younger brothers Guan Shu, Cai Shu, and Huo Shu respectively here to monitor Wu Geng and the merchants
A Yong, Wei, and Bei B Wei, Bei, Yong 5 C. Wei, Yong, Bei DBei, Yong, Wei
The feudal system of the Western Zhou Dynasty was quite developed and was an important political system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It was also a significant feature of the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
Answer questions 10 to 13 based on the knowledge you have learned;
10. After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty, nobles with the same surname, nobles with different surnames, and leaders of foreign tribes who surrendered were sent to various regions to establish countries with vassal screens to protect the Zhou family. () The largest scale of enfeoffing princes
A. King Wen of Zhou B. King Wu of Zhou C. King Cheng of Zhou D. King Xuan of Zhou
11. After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty, nobles with the same surname, nobles with different surnames, and leaders of foreign tribes who surrendered were sent to various regions to establish countries and protect the Zhou Dynasty with vassal screens. The nobles divided into Wei, Lu, Tang, and Yan were ( )
A． Kang Shu, Bo Qin, Zhao Gong, Shu Yu B. Bo Qin, Shu Yu, Kang Shu, Zhao Gong
C. Zhao Gong, Shu Yu, Kang Shu, Bo Qin D. Kang Shu, Bo Qin, Shu Yu, Zhao Gong
12. Nobles with different surnames who had made great contributions in King Wu's destruction of the Shang Dynasty and Duke Zhou's eastern expedition, or who had a generational alliance with the Zhou Dynasty, were also enfeoffed to establish vassal states and continue to serve the Zhou royal family. The following countries: ① Qi ② Lu ③ Yan ④ Song, Those belonging to vassal states with different surnames are ( )
A. ①②③④ B. ①③④ C． ②③ D. ①④
13． One type of princes who were enfeoffed in the early Zhou Dynasty were descendants of ancient emperors. The following countries are: ① Jiao ② Ji ③ Chen ④ Zhu. Those who belong to this category are A①②③④ B. ①③④ C． ②⑦④ D. ①②③
14． Regarding King Zhou You becoming the leader of the country, which of the following statements is incorrect ( )
A. The result of the unprecedented intensification of social conflicts in the Western Zhou Dynasty B. Impact of natural disasters
C. Destroyed the Ji Jiang Alliance D. Appointing Rong Yi public patent, guarding witch supervisor and slandering, intensifying conflicts
15. The patriarchal system is another important political system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, which is closely related to the feudal system. So the core content of the patriarchal system is ( )
A. Enfeoffment system B. eldest son inheritance
C. Hierarchical clan system D. Large and small clan system
16. The bureaucracy of the Western Zhou Dynasty was quite complete, with a complex bureaucracy and many officials.
The bureaucracy of the Zhou royal family was divided into two major systems, namely ( )
A. Affairs officer, historian B. Yin, Chen
C. Qing Shi Liao, Tai Shi Liao D. Affairs officer, military attaché
17. The military power of the Western Zhou Dynasty was far stronger than that of the Shang Dynasty. The Zhou royal family had two standing armies, namely ( ), which is often mentioned in the bronze inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty. As a strong backing to maintain the "ritual and music expedition comes from the emperor", it was the emperor of Zhou who exercised royal power. Important Tools
A. The Sixth West Division and the Eighth Chengzhou Division B. West Eighth Division and Chengliu Division
C. Chengzhou Eighth Division and Yin Eighth Division D Xi6th Division and Chengliu Division
18. Regarding the description of agricultural development in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the incorrect statement is ( )
A. Planting food crops "grains" B Slaves and common people farm collectively 8?
C. People have learned to use manure, plant ash and green manure D. The main working tools are bronzes
19. The Shang Dynasty is known as the Bronze Age. Which of the following is not consistent with the historical situation at that time? ( )
A. Bronze ware of the Shang Dynasty has been widely used in agriculture and handicraft production
B Bronze production in the Shang Dynasty has a high technical level
C. Shang Dynasty bronzes have extremely high artistic value
D. Bronze manufacturing in the Shang Dynasty was the main sector of handicraft production
20. The following social and economic phenomena in the Western Zhou Dynasty are ( )
① The extensive use of bronze farm tools ② The emergence of embroidery ③ The postal delivery system was established ④ Shells were used as currency ⑤ Cars were decorated with lacquer crafts
A． ①②③④ B． ②③④⑤ C. ②③⑤ D. ①③⑤
21． By the Shang Dynasty, bronze casting had reached a very high technical level and became the most important industry in the handicraft industry at that time. Which of the following is not a bronze ware of the Shang Dynasty? ( )
A. Simuwu Dafang Ding B. Siyang Fangzun
C． Square tripod with animal face pattern D. Da Yu Ding
22． Zhou people attach great importance to marriage and are particularly particular about weddings. There were six procedures for weddings in the Zhou Dynasty, namely: ① Asking for a wedding ② Asking for a name ③ Accepting a wedding ④ Asking for a date ⑤ Welcome ⑥ Accepting a gift. Which of the following options is in the correct order? ( )
A. ①③⑤②④⑥ B. ②④⑥①③⑤
C. ③②⑥①④⑤ D． ③①④⑤②⑥
23． Based on the understanding that personnel determines destiny, the governing ideology proposed by the rulers of the early Zhou Dynasty was ( )
A. Fraternity, dedication to learning, and careful thinking B． Loving the people, being impartial and selfless
C. Be virtuous, be cautious in punishment, and protect the people D． Datong, well-off society, and sufficient people
24. ( ) summarizes the nine categories of laws governing the world: "The first one is called Five Elements, the second is called Respect and Use of Five Matters, the third is called Agricultural Use of Eight Policies, the fourth is called of Xie Yong of Five Disciplines, the third of fifth is called Jian Yong Huang Ji, and the sixth is It is said that righteousness uses the three virtues, the seventh is that Ming uses suspicion, the eighth is that thinking uses common people, the ninth is that Xiang uses the five blessings, and the power uses the six extremes. "
A. "Book of Changes" B. "Book of Changes" c. "Meeting Etiquette" D. "Hong Fan"
25. The first calendar handed down from our country is said to be ( )
A. "Yin Li" B. "Xia Xiaozheng" C. "Weekly Calendar" D. "Solar Calendar"
The discovery of oracle bone inscriptions was one of the most important discoveries in Chinese archeology at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, laying the foundation for re-understanding the history
and culture of the three generations. It has opened up a smooth road, which can be called a milestone in the history of Chinese culture.
Answer questions 26 to 30 based on the knowledge you have learned:
26. The discovery of oracle bone inscriptions was somewhat accidental. ( ) was the first to discover oracle bone inscriptions, which also became the beginning of the history of oracle bone inscriptions
A. Wang Guowei B. Liu E C. Wang Yirong D. Luo Zhenyu
27． ( ) selected the tortoise shell and printed it into ( ), which became the first recorded work of oracle bone inscriptions. Since then, oracle bone science has gradually become a newly emerging international science.
A. Liu E's "Tie Yun Hidden Turtle" B． Zhang Guangzhi's "Civilization of the Shang Dynasty"
C. Wang Yuxin's "General Theory of Oracle Bone Science" D. Guo Moruo's "Collection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions"
28. Which of the following statements about "Oracle Bone Inscriptions" is inaccurate ( )
A. The characters carved on tortoise shells and animal bones found in the "Yin Ruins"
B Today's Chinese characters developed from oracle bone inscriptions
C. Studying oracle bone inscriptions will help you understand the social conditions of the Shang Dynasty
D. The discovery of oracle bone inscriptions made it possible to accurately date the history of the Shang Dynasty
29. Bronze inscriptions refer to ( )
A. Characters engraved on bronze vessels B Characters engraved on metal vessels
C. Characters carved on tortoise shells and animal bones D. Words engraved in gold
9?
30. In the research area of ??oracle bone inscriptions, the four scholars who made significant contributions to the study of oracle bone inscriptions are known as the "four oracle bone inscriptions" by later generations are ( )
A. Wang Yirong, Liu E, Dong Zuobin, Guo Moruo B. Luo Zhenyu, Wang Guowei, Dong Zuobin, Guo Moruo
C. Luo Zhenyu, Wang Guowei, Dong Zuobin, Wang Yirong D. Liu E, Luo Zhenyu, Guo Moruo, Wang Guowei
31. Regarding the well field, the most authoritative and earliest tracer is ( )
A. Confucius b. Mencius c. Gouzi D. Zengzi
32． During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, especially the Western Zhou dynasty, the state system was a very important system at that time. The incorrect statement about this is ( )
A. The distinction between the state and the countryside may have only had its rough roots in the Shang Dynasty, and the more common system was formed after the enfeoffment in the early Zhou Dynasty
B. The Chinese are members of the ruling tribe, with the Zhou tribe as the main body, and belong to the ruling class of Zhou Dynasty society
C. Wild people are the main body of the ruled class, also known as common people, mainly traditional residents of conquered areas
D country and wild areas began to show signs of destruction during the Warring States Period, and gradually evolved into the new autocratic regime. Organize households and people
33. According to legend, the ancestor of Shang is ( )
A. Qi B Yu C. Ji Li D Gu Gong Dan Fu
34. The concept of "map" was clearly proposed in ( )
A. Xia B． Business C. Zhou D. Spring and Autumn
Answer Analysis
1. B Analysis This question is designed to test the candidate's mastery of basic historical facts. The Hu clan rebelled against Xia and fought against Qi's army in Gan. "Shang Shu Gan Oath" is the earliest reliable document in China, recording Xia Qi's oath before the battle of Zai Gan. Option A, the Battle of Mingtiao was the battle in which Shang destroyed Xia; Option C, the Battle of Muye was the battle in which Zhou destroyed Shang; Option D, in 638 BC, Song attacked Zheng, Chu rescued Zheng and attacked Song, resulting in the Battle of Hong.
2． A Analysis This question aims to examine the era limit of Erlitou culture. On the one hand, it tests the candidates' mastery of basic historical facts; on the other hand, it tests the candidates' concept of historical time.
3. C Analysis This question examines the classification of Erlitou culture types. Erlitou culture is divided into two types, one is the "Erlitou type" represented by the Erlitou site, and the other is the "Dongxiafeng type" represented by the Dongxiafeng site.
4. C Analysis This question aims to test the accurate expression of the significance of the discovery of Erlitou culture.
The discovery and research of the Erlitou Culture and related archaeological sites not only clarified the location of the political center of the Xia Dynasty, but also determined its starting and ending dates.
At this point, it can be said that the Xia Dynasty’s historical status is unshakable.
5. A Analysis This question aims to examine the basic content of the political system in the Shang and Zhou dynasties.
6. B Analysis This question is intended to examine the origin of business and is also basic knowledge. There is a deed created by Jian Di, the daughter of the E family, who swallowed a black bird. The deed once assisted Yu in controlling floods, which is in line with the meaning of the title, so I chose it. Tang established the Shang Dynasty and did not assist Dayu in flood control. Gu Gongtongfu was the ancestor of the Zhou clan.
7. D Analysis This question is designed to test the candidate's ability to master basic historical facts. An important reason for Shang Tang's success was that he established an image of punishing crimes and eliminating harm for the people. Tang cut down the kudzu to avenge "every man and every woman", and he cut kudzu first.
8． A
9. D Analysis of the Three Prisons is an important knowledge point in the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and is closely related to the subsequent Sanjian Rebellion and the Eastern Expedition of Duke Zhou. The examination of the three-person fiefdom is also a test of the ability to grasp basic historical facts.
10. C Analysis: The enfeoffment of princes in the Zhou Dynasty began with King Wu. After Duke Zhou’s Eastern Expedition, the enfeoffment of princes began on a large scale. The enfeoffed areas covered the entire territory of the Zhou Dynasty. This trend continued into the Western Weekend New Year. Zhou Gongdan's eastward expedition coincided with the time when King Cheng just succeeded to his residence, which is in line with the meaning of the title and the enemy's choice.
11. D Analysis: Kang Shu, the younger brother of King Wu, was granted the title of Wei, with the capital Chaoge; Zhou Gong's son Bo Qin was granted the title of Lu, with the capital being dying; King Cheng's younger brother, Shu Yu, was granted the title of Tang, with the title of Du Yi; the same surname was assigned to Duke Xuan Zhao of Yan, the capital was Ji.
12. D Analysis This question is designed to test basic historical summary skills. Lu Shang, the leader of the Jiang surnamed tribe who had been intermarrying with the Zhou clan surnamed Ji for generations, was granted the title of Qi, with his capital in Yingqiu; the Shang aristocratic Wei Zi was granted the title of Shang in the Song Dynasty, in order to inherit the Shang Dynasty, and his capital was Shangqiu. In the state of Lu, Bo Qin, the son of Duke Zhou, was granted the title here, with the capital being Yan, and he was a noble with the same surname; Duke Zhao was granted the title to Yan, with the capital being Ji, and he was also a noble with the same surname.
13． A Analysis This question is an examination of the enfeoffment form of the vassal states in the early Zhou Dynasty. In order to commemorate the ancestors of the sage kings, King Wu named Jiao after Shennong, Zhu after Huangdi, Ji after Emperor Yao, and Chen after Emperor Shun. Such feudal states were generally relatively small, some were only symbolic, and played little role in the political life of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
14. D Analysis This question is an examination of the reasons for the demise of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Option D is an 11? event during the reign of King Zhou Li rather than King You, so I choose it.
15． B Analysis This question aims to examine the basic systems of the Pre-Qin period. The answer can be obtained by understanding the connotations of these systems.
16. C Analysis This question is an examination of the official system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its two major systems are Qingshi Liao and Taishi Liao. Qingshi Liao is Qingshi Liao, which is in charge of three affairs and the four directions. Taishi Liao is in charge of registration, salary control, illustrations, sacrifices, divination, etiquette, seasonal regulations, and astronomy. , calendar, etc. Therefore the correct option is C.
17. A Analysis This question is an examination of the military system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The two standing armies are the "Eighth Division of Chengzhou" and the "Sixth Division of the West". The Sixth Division of the West is stationed in the capital city of Haojing and Suwei Zongzhou. The Eighth Division of Chengzhou is also called the "Eighth Division of Yin" and is stationed in Luoyi of Chengzhou to intimidate the enemy. Yin immigrants who were forcibly moved to Luoyi.
18. D Analysis This question is an examination of agriculture in the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The agricultural production tools of the Shang Dynasty were mostly stone tools, bone tools and clam tools were more common, wooden tools were occasionally found, and bronze agricultural tools had already begun to be used, so option D is incorrect. Bronze agricultural tools were not the main production tools.
19． A Analysis This question is an examination of the agricultural production tools of the Shang Dynasty. The agricultural production tools of the Shang Dynasty were mostly stone tools, bone tools and clam tools were more common, wooden tools were occasionally found, and bronze agricultural tools had begun to be used. The "Shang Dynasty is known as the Bronze Age" in the question stem has the effect of interfering with the candidates. When doing the questions, you must pay attention to analyze the question stem and eliminate interference.
20 A
21. D Analysis This question aims to examine the manufacturing of bronzes in the Shang Dynasty.
The Simuwu square ding unearthed in the Yin Ruins in 1939 is one of the representative works of the peak period of ancient Chinese bronze culture. As far as we know, it is the only one in the ancient world; the Shanmian pattern square ding was unearthed from Xingan Oceania merchants in Jiangxi. The Siyang Square Zun is the largest existing bronze square Zun from the Shang Dynasty in my country; the Dameng Ding is a famous bronze ware from the Kangwang period of the Western Zhou Dynasty and is rare among the Western Zhou bronze ware.
22． C analysis: There are six procedures for weddings in the Zhou Dynasty: nacai, asking for names, naji, jizheng, asking for dates, and personally welcoming. They are called "six rites", including the complete process from marriage negotiation to marriage, and its impact on future generations. It's very big. In the next 2000 years, wedding ceremonies were basically carried out according to the "six rites" procedural framework, but the degree of complexity was different.
23. C Analysis This question examines the influence of the idea of ??destiny transfer in the early Zhou Dynasty on the rulers in the early Zhou Dynasty. The rulers of the early Zhou Dynasty regarded realistic human politics as the basis for the transfer of destiny, and they emphasized human affairs. Based on the understanding that personnel determines destiny, the rulers of the early Zhou Dynasty put forward the governance ideas of "clear virtue", "cautious punishment" and "protecting the people".
24. D Analysis "Hong Fan" is a chapter in "Shang Shu". It is said that Jizi, the Yichen of Yin Dynasty, stated it to King Wu of Zhou Dynasty. The content of "Hong Fan" can be summarized as "Hong Fan Nine Categories", which is a special method for governing the world.
25. B Analysis This question examines the astronomical calendar of the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The first calendar handed down from our country is "Xia Xiaozheng" from the Xia Dynasty. It records the climate and phenology of each month, as well as the production and life activities that people should engage in in that month. Therefore, it can be said to be a natural calendar.
26. C
27. A Analysis Liu E, also known as Tieyun, was a good friend of Wang Yirong and participated in the identification of oracle bone inscriptions. In 1903, Liu E selected and rubbed 1,058 pieces of tortoise shells and printed them into the book "Tie Yun Hidden Turtle". This was the first recorded work of oracle bone inscriptions. Since then, oracle bone science has gradually become a newly emerging international science.
28． D Analysis This question is an examination of the expressions in Oracle. Option D. The discovery of oracle bone inscriptions gave an accurate date to the history of the Shang Dynasty. The statement is incorrect. The beginning of an accurate date in the history of our country is generally recognized as the year 841 BC for the "Secret and Administrative Affairs".
29. A Analysis This question is an examination of the full text. The full text is an inscription cast or carved on a bronze vessel. People often use the bell and tripod in the bronze ritual vessel to summarize the entire bronze vessel, so it is also called the "Zhongding Text".
30． B Analysis This question is designed to test candidates’ understanding of famous scholars in the field of oracle bone inscriptions, which is also the basic ability to grasp academic trends. The Oracle Bone Sitang refers to four Chinese scholars who have made significant contributions to Oracle Bone Science, because their names all contain the word "tang". They are: Luo Zhenyu, nicknamed Xuetang, Wang Guowei, nicknamed Guantang in the evening, Dong Zuobin, nicknamed Yantang, and Guo Moruo, nicknamed Dingtang. Known as the "Four Oracle Bone Halls", King Luo Dong Guo.
31． B Analysis: Most of the understanding of the well field system comes from the records or extensions of "Mencius and Teng Wengong". 12?
32. D Analysis This question is designed to test the candidates' mastery of the national and wild systems of the commercial period. Options A, B, and C all state correctly that the distinction between country and wild people began to show signs of destruction in the Spring and Autumn Period. Option D is incorrect, so choose it.
33. A Analysis This question aims to examine the origins of the ancestors of each dynasty in the pre-Qin period.
34． C Analysis The Zhou Dynasty not only proposed a clear concept of "geography", but also began to use maps.