The outstanding figures in the microbiology field who are still alive today
1. Tian Bo, male, born on December 25, 1931 in Huantai County, Shandong Province, Molecular Virology and Bioengineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Director of the research office, researcher, academician, doctoral tutor, famous virology and bioengineering expert
Graduated from the Plant Protection Department of Beijing Agricultural University in August 1954
August 1954 to 1962 In June, he was a research intern at the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and became the project leader after 1958.
From July 1962 to December 1978, he was a research assistant and project leader at the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Deputy director of the laboratory after 1977
From January 1979 to April 1986, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, associate researcher, deputy director of the laboratory, director after 1983
In 1986 From May to December 1991, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher, doctoral supervisor, and director of the laboratory
From December 1991 to present, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher, doctoral supervisor, and director of the laboratory
Systematic research on plant viruses, viroids and bioengineering in China. In 1983, the first successful application of satellite RNA to control cucumber mosaic virus was reported. Through satellite RNA biocontrol preparations and multi-gene disease-resistant genetically engineered varieties including satellite RNA, good disease prevention and yield increase effects have been achieved in large-scale field applications, and a new method of satellite RNA in addition to inhibiting virus replication has been proposed. Mechanism of resistance to mosaic disease. The laboratory he leads has carried out research on ribozyme engineering, random sequence peptide libraries, antibody genetic engineering, genetic engineering medicine and plant genetic engineering in bioengineering, and has obtained genetically modified crops that are highly resistant to viruses and virus-like in vivo; constructed cell Internal and epitope peptide library and screened some peptides for affinity chromatography and anti-virus; constructed and expressed several anti-tumor antibody genes; successfully developed several genetic engineering drugs; used genetic engineering on several crops This method obtained male sterile lines and restorer lines, laying the foundation for the utilization of hybrid vigor.
Published more than 150 papers and five monographs in important academic journals at home and abroad.
2. Zhang Shuzheng, female, was born on October 22, 1922 in Shulu County, Hebei. He is currently an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a researcher at the Institute of Microbiology, and a doctoral supervisor.
1942-1945 Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Peking University, Bachelor of Science;
1945-1946 Teaching Assistant, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Peking University;
1946-1948 Beijing Teaching assistant in the Department of Biochemistry, University Medical College;
1948-1949 Assistant teaching in the Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Peking University;
1950-1954 Technician, Comprehensive Industrial Laboratory, Ministry of Heavy Industry;
1954-1957 Assistant researcher of the Culture Collection Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences;
1958-Now he has served as associate researcher, researcher, doctoral supervisor, and deputy director of the Enzyme Research Laboratory of the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1991 - Now an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
1992 - Now a member of the Standing Committee of the Department of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
In the early 1960s, he was the first to use paper electrophoresis, zymography and growth in China Spectral analysis compared the composition of the amylase systems of different species of Aspergillus, which was controversial in the alcohol industry at that time, and determined the superiority of Aspergillus niger. In the 1960s, the pentose metabolism pathway of Geotrichum candidum was clarified, mannitol was found in Geotrichum candidum, and its synthesis pathway was identified. Discovered and purified NAP-mannitol dehydrogenase. In the 1970s, new technologies such as isoelectric focusing and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were first established in China. In the study of Monascus glucoamylase, the crystal of the enzyme was obtained for the first time, and it was found that there are conformational differences in different molecular types of the enzyme, which proved to be caused by different degrees of glycosylation (now called glycoforms). In the 1980s, he engaged in the application and basic research of various glycosidases. For example, the activity of bacterial (-amylase high-producing strains was leading in the world at that time, the application of pectinase, dextranase has proven to have anti-caries effects, and maltotetraose-producing amylase has industrial prospects. For the first time, strict substrate specificity was discovered Sexual (-D-fucosidase), five enzymes were purified from thermophilic bacteria.
In the 1990s, he vigorously advocated cutting-edge glycobiology and glycoengineering programs in China and established a glycoengineering laboratory.
3. Wei Jiangchun, male, born on November 11, 1931. Researcher, doctoral supervisor, and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Since 1963, he has been engaged in the study of lichen flora and classification in China, and has also conducted comparative and systematic research on lichens of the family Umbilicariaceae around the world. He has successively organized and participated in the third-level project "Chinese Lichens - Litrichaceae" among the major projects jointly funded by the National Foundation Commission, the National Science and Technology Commission and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, "Research on the Use of Lichens for Air Quality Assessment in Beijing" and "Research on the Use of Lichens for Air Quality Assessment in Beijing" funded by the National Foundation "Comprehensive Research on Lichenaceae Worldwide", the third-level topic "Research on Tibetan Lichens" in the major projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and "Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems" in the national 85 research project "Research on the Ecosystem of the Antarctic Fields Peninsula". In addition, the literature on Chinese lichens was sorted and analyzed, and preliminary research was conducted on some lichen taxa, such as Fuchsiaceae, Pulmonaryceae, Geophyllaceae, and Tea-staining Family. Currently, he is hosting and participating in the Sino-US cooperation project "Study on the discontinuous distribution and genetic divergence of lichen-type and non-lichen-type fungi in East Asia and North America" ??funded by the National Foundation for Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Open Laboratory of Mycolichen Systematics. Since 1990, attention has been gradually focused on comprehensive research combining lichen phenotypes and genotypes. In the study of Lithotaceae, RFLP analysis of specific nuclear rDNA fragments of lichen-type fungi was carried out through PCR technology and sequence determination of specific nuclear rDNA fragments of some difficult species, combined with morphology, anatomy, chemistry and geography. The comprehensive comparison of characters further elaborates the comprehensive taxonomic concept of family, genus and species levels of Lichenaceae lichens.
4. Zheng Ruyong’s daughter, born on January 10, 1931. Researcher, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, doctoral supervisor, majoring in systematic mycology
Has been committed to the rationalization and improvement of the fungal classification system, and has studied fungi such as soot, powdery mildew, and Mucor for many years. Conducted detailed research on relevant genera and species of Powdery mildewes in my country and all genera of Powdery mildewes around the world, clarified and revised many internationally controversial issues, and published a more reasonable and close to natural powdery mildew. The family and genus level classification system is internationally recognized. In 1987, he collaborated with others and wrote my country's first fungi journal "Powdery Mildew in China". In the study of Mucorales, which is very difficult to classify, attention has been paid to combining morphological characteristics with physiological, biochemical and molecular biological characteristics and asexual characteristics with teleotypic characteristics, and some meaningful breakthroughs have been achieved. Attention is also paid to research on medical Mucor and endophytic Mucor. *** has authored 10 books (2 as the main author), published in domestic and foreign academic journals and 62 papers at national and international conferences (48 as the main author).
5. Academician Fang Rongxiang, male, Han nationality, born in Shanghai on January 19, 1946, native of Jixi County, Anhui Province
Working unit and address Researcher and Ph.D., Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Zhongguancun 100080 Student Supervisor
Telephone and fax 62548243 Email fangrx@im.ac.cn
6. Academician of our school
Li Jilun (1925.03.15--) , male, from Leting, Hebei, professor. In 1995, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Graduated from the Department of Biology, School of Science, Nanjing Central University in 1948 and stayed at the school to teach. From 1950 to present, he has served as teaching assistant, lecturer, associate professor, and professor at China Agricultural University. From 1980 to 1982, he studied in the Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. From 1989 to the present, he serves as the director of the academic committee of the "State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology" of China Agricultural University; from 1992 to the present, he serves as the director of the academic committee of the "State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Preliminary Development" of the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
He once served as a member of the Discipline Evaluation Group of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council (1985-1991), a member of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture (1983-1995), a part-time professor of Tsinghua University (1994-1996), and the Chairman of the Chinese Society of Microbiology (1991-1995). ) and honorary director (1995 to present), editor-in-chief of "Journal of Microbiology" (1991 to present), and chief editor of "Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology" (Chinese and English versions, 2002 to present).
Have been engaged in the teaching and research of agricultural microorganisms for a long time and trained a large number of professional talents, including more than 60 graduate students. He has published 8 volumes of translated works and more than 120 articles. "Microbiology", co-edited with Professor Yu Dafu, has a great influence on the microbiology community in my country and won the first prize of the National Press and Publication Administration's Excellent Science and Technology Book Award (1998).
In terms of basic scientific research: Systematically studied the problem of biological nitrogen fixation and achieved the following achievements: (1) In the study of the catalytic mechanism of nitrogenase, it was proved that nitrogenase catalyzes the formation of HD, which is a common phenomenon of nitrogenase. characteristics, and is absolutely dependent on N2; and a dual-site H2 release model of nitrogenase was proposed; (2) In the molecular genetics research of Azospirillum, a gene library of the Brazilian Azospirillum Yu62 strain in my country was established, cloned and The ntrBC, draTG, nifA, glnB, glnZ and flbD genes of the bacterium were sequenced and their functions were analyzed; an ammonium-tolerant nitrogen-fixing genetic engineering strain that could save 20% of corn nitrogen fertilizer was constructed; (3) my country's leguminous family was launched Research on the investigation and classification of plant rhizobia resources has established a database of rhizobia resources in my country, laying the foundation for future research.
In terms of applied research: Gibberellins GA3 and GA4+7 (can be used to promote plant growth), zearalenone and zearalenol (can be used to promote cattle, sheep weight gain, and were first discovered to be natural hormones of higher plants), monensin and maduramycin (can be used to prevent coccidia in chickens), and avermectin and ivermectin (can be used to prevent and control coccidia Animal and plant parasites) and other microbial preparations used in agriculture and animal husbandry have achieved significant economic and social benefits.
He has won honorary titles such as Beijing Outstanding Educator (1986), May Day Labor Medal (1986), and National Agricultural Model Worker (1990). Since 1991, he has enjoyed the government award issued by the State Council. Special Allowances.
7. Academicians of our school
Chen Wenxin, female, professor, doctoral supervisor, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, member of the International Rhizobium/Agrobacterium Classification Subcommittee. He graduated from the Department of Soil Agrochemistry, College of Agriculture, Wuhan University in 1952. In 1958, he received an associate doctorate degree from the Timiryadev Agricultural College of the former Soviet Union. After returning to China in January 1959, he worked in the Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, Beijing Agricultural University (now China Agricultural University), and has been engaged in the teaching and scientific research of soil microbiology and bacterial taxonomy. Since the 1970s, she has led research on the investigation and classification of rhizobia resources in my country. Under her outstanding leadership, she organized microbiology workers from 20 units across the country to jointly complete the investigation and preservation of rhizobium resources of various leguminous plants under different ecological conditions in more than 700 counties in 32 provinces (cities) across the country. There are more than 5,000 strains of Rhizobium; more than 100 traits have been analyzed on 2,000 of them; a batch of highly stress-resistant Rhizobium germplasm resources have been discovered; 2 new genera and 12 new species of Rhizobium have been published, ranking first in the international Rhizobium Accounting for a large proportion of the genus and species system; obtained new understanding of the relationship between leguminous plants and rhizobia bacteria from a taxonomic perspective; published more than 100 papers in domestic and foreign academic journals, nearly 20 of which were included in SCI. He has been cited more than 200 times and has trained more than 50 masters and doctoral students. She has won two first-class awards for ministerial-level scientific and technological progress from the Ministry of Agriculture, two second-class scientific and technological progress awards from the State Education Commission, one first-class award for outstanding teaching materials from the Ministry of Agriculture, and one second-class National Natural Science Award in 2001. Her work has great influence internationally. In 1996, she was elected as a member of the International Subcommittee on Rhizobium/Agrobacterium Classification. In 1998, she was invited to work with American scholars to write the rhizobia section of the second edition of "Berger's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology". content. Now she is working hard to introduce excellent leguminous plants, the Rhizobium bacterial growth system, into agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in the development of western my country.