Comparative analysis of hydropower heating and hot floor heating
(1) application and popularization
(1) liquid circulation system. In recent years, hot water heating system has become the main way of central heating in cold areas. At the same time as the national standards and specifications were promulgated, in 2007, the Ministry of Construction announced the Announcement on Releasing the Technologies for Popularization, Application and Restriction of Prohibited Use in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, which stipulated that "low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating technology" should be recommended as "new efficient heating and air conditioning technology" to be popularized and used in civil construction projects. At present, 80% of the houses in the northern cold area use liquid circulation system for central heating.
(2) electric floor heating. Developed countries in Europe, America and Asia regard electric floor heating as a clean, new and comfortable heating method. In recent years, electric floor heating technology has developed, but due to the national power shortage, electric energy as a heating form has not been popularized. Code for Design of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning of Civil Buildings defines the application scope of electric floor heating as one of the forms of electric heating, which restricts the popularization and application of electric floor heating and its development and application in the design stage. Starting from 20 12, in order to curb pollution, relevant provinces and cities in the north began and promoted the work of "changing coal into electricity". Xinjiang started the "Blue Sky Project", Beijing accelerated the "coal to electricity" work, and Shijiazhuang issued the "Implementation Plan on Printing and Distributing Electric Heating in Shijiazhuang". At the same time, with the development of China's power industry, the annual power generation has increased year by year. In order to improve the efficiency of power grid, the state encourages users to use valley power.
(2) Planning and construction
The circulating system consists of three parts: heat source, heating network and users; Hydronic systems needs to plan and construct a wide range of projects, with high investment in construction funds and more coordination with national government departments, so it has a long cycle and high energy consumption in China, causing environmental pollution, which is not conducive to saving water and land. There are few planning and construction projects of electric floor heating, and the capital investment is relatively small; In the initial stage of design, the expansion of power supply lines and transformers can be well solved, and the installation of heating cables can be synchronized with the construction progress in the construction process, which greatly shortens the construction period; More importantly, electric floor heating uses clean energy and will not cause harm to air quality.
(C) floor heating product standards are different
There are many products involved in the circulation system, and the standards are relatively perfect. Prefabricated groove insulation board is widely used in floor heating products, but so far, the country has not issued product standards. At present, the self-stress temperature control valve has only been patented temporarily, and the relevant national product standards have not yet been formulated. Electric floor heating products are rare. As a heating element of floor heating, only Hebei Province has issued relevant technical regulations at present, and its technical application needs to be further developed and popularized.
(D) the defects of floor heating
(1) thermal effect. Both the circulating system hot water and radiator hot water come from centralized heat sources. In order to meet the requirements of radiator temperature, according to the energy-saving design requirements of JGJ26-20 10, the central heating temperature is controlled above 85℃, while the geothermal floor heating is only controlled within 60℃. Some heating lines are not designed with water mixing devices, and the indoor floor heating loop length and pipe spacing are unevenly distributed, which makes the water supply temperature of some circulating systems too high, causing the floor heating to overheat, reducing the living comfort and shortening the floor heating. In recent years, the heating effect of some electric floor heating products is not optimistic. Problems such as high power consumption and high temperature may be directly related to the overall energy saving of the building, improper use and relevant government electricity consumption policies, but for the product itself, continuous improvement of product quality is the first priority.
(2) Maintenance cost. The hot water heating system has long-term problems such as long heating lines, many pipe joints and valves, mixed use of various metal and nonmetal pipes, and uneven quality of floor heating pipes. Therefore, it is easy to break down and leak water during use. If the hidden floor heating pipeline leaks, it is difficult to maintain. At the same time, after the floor heating pipeline is used for a period of time, the inner wall of the pipeline has more scale and greater cleanliness, resulting in higher maintenance costs in the later period. However, electric floor heating mainly uses relatively few electrical components. The heating cable is used to supply heat from underground, and only a thermostat is installed on the ground. Therefore, the probability of electric floor heating is relatively small, and even if an accident occurs, the maintenance cost and maintenance time are short.
(3) Heating metering method. The reason why household metering of central heating is difficult to implement is related to the unresolved problems in central heating. First, the heating is not warm or overheated, the heating is lagging behind, and the heating is connected with each other, which leads to the contradiction between heat users and heating parties; Secondly, the heating party still charges new buildings and existing buildings according to the construction area, which obviously cannot satisfy users, and charges according to the construction area instead of the actual heat consumption, resulting in the decoupling of heat fees from heat fees; Third, residents who no longer enjoy welfare heating but have to bear their own heating costs pay more attention to metering methods and heating service quality; Fourth, the renovation of existing buildings is not complete, only household metering is realized, and energy-saving purposes such as multi-use and less payment and reasonable payment cannot be achieved; Fifth, the disadvantages of China's heating system reform cannot be completely solved, and the monopoly situation of heating enterprises is difficult to break; Sixth, although the state has issued a series of policies and measures, the problem of difficult implementation has been delaying the proper solution of the central heating water metering problem.
This paper mainly compares and analyzes the application and promotion, product standards, planning and construction of liquid circulating heating system and hot floor heating in China, as well as the existing shortcomings. Only through comparative analysis can we understand the advantages and disadvantages of various floor heating, so that our designers can fully consider and choose the best floor heating method in the design, reduce energy consumption and reduce costs.
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