1, type of switch socket
According to panel types, there are 86 kinds, 120 kinds, 1 18 kinds, 146 kinds and 75 kinds.
Type 86 switch: The most common switch socket is square in shape, with the overall size of 86mm×86mm and the center distance of installation holes of 60.3_. This type of switch is usually called Type 86 switch, which is an international standard. Many developed countries are equipped with type 86 switch, which is also the most commonly used switch in most parts of China.
1 18 type switch: 1 18 type switch generally refers to a horizontal bar switch. Generally, it is a real estate network that can freely combine styles and emphases, and different functional modules are stuck in the framework for combination. The size of the panel is generally 70× 1 18 or similar, with extended products on it. For example, three digits long, four digits long and four digits square can be regarded as the same product with 120. Mainly Japan, South Korea and other countries adopt this form of products. This form of products is also very popular in some areas of China. The advantage of 1 18 switch socket lies in its DIY style! More flexible, can change colors according to their own needs and preferences, easy to assemble and disassemble, free style.
Simple comparison: Model 86 switch has at most four switches, while model 1 18 switch can be equipped with eight switches. However, the 8-switch is rarely used. When the switch socket is installed at home, it not only performs its most basic function, but also plays a decorative role by choosing a good style switch, which can add a lot of color to your warm home! For electricians, it is more labor-saving to install the switch of 1 18. From the perspective of long-term safety and peace of mind, it is recommended to buy a 86-type switch.
146 switch: the panel size is generally 86× 146 or similar, and the center distance of installation holes is 120.6_. China and most other countries in the world adopt this form, which is actually an extension of Series 86. Or classified as type 86 switch socket. 146 was popular a few years ago, and then gradually faded out of the market. At present, a few businesses in the market still have a small amount of inventory.
Type 75: The panel size is generally 75×75 or similar. This product was widely used in China before the 1980s, and now it has basically been eliminated.
According to the switch connection mode, it can be divided into unipolar switch, bipolar switch, tripolar switch, tripolar plus neutral switch, bidirectional switch with male incoming line, bidirectional switch with an off position, bidirectional switch with bipolar and bidirectional reversing switch (or neutral switch).
According to the switch, according to the contact disconnection, it is classified as follows: normal gap structure switch: contact breaking gap ≥ 3 _; Switch with small gap structure: contact breaking gap < 3 _ but > 1.2 _ network super girl, and this switch must be marked with "m" on its body.
Switches are classified according to the starting mode: rotary switch, rocker switch, button switch, voice control switch, touch screen switch, rocker switch and wiring switch.
According to the socket, it is classified according to whether there is a protective door or not: unprotected door socket and protective door socket.
According to the protection level of harmful water, switch sockets are divided into: general protection level Ipxo or Ipx 1, splash protection level Ipx4, and explosion protection level Ipxe.
Classification by terminal:
Electrical accessories with threaded terminals (copper stud screws and wire pressing pieces belong to this category)
Electrical accessories suitable for connecting unthreaded terminals of hard wires (120 quick wiring belongs to this product).
Electrical accessories with unthreaded terminals suitable for connecting hard wires and soft wires.
According to the installation classification: surface-mounted, concealed, mobile, concealed floor-mounted.
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2. Selection of switch socket
At present, there are many kinds of switch sockets on the market, which makes consumers feel at a loss when purchasing. Switch socket is not only a functional product for home decoration, but also a main component for safe electricity use. The quality, performance and materials of its products play a crucial and decisive role in preventing fires and reducing losses.
Eye view: Generally, a good product has a relatively flat appearance without burrs and spikes. The color and material are imported high-quality PC material, which has good flame retardant performance. Although some products have smooth surfaces and look like oil, they are pale in color and thick in texture. This material has poor flame retardant performance, which has laid a fire hazard for household electricity.
Manual: A good product panel is difficult to be removed directly by hand, and certain special tools must be used, while ordinary non-mainstream middle and low-grade products are easy to remove the lower cover by hand, resulting in an indecent appearance at home and public places. When choosing, press the cover diagonally with your index finger and thumb to form an endpoint, keep one end still and press the other end hard. If the cover is loose and sunken, the product quality is poor, otherwise the quality is reliable.
Ear listening: the lighter the sound of skateboarding, the smoother the feel, and the better the rhythmic sound quality; On the contrary, the sound is impure and dynamic when opening and closing, and the sound quality with intermittent state in the middle is poor.
Look at the structure: at present, there are two general switch structures: sliding plate type and swinging rod type. The skateboard switch has a strong sound and feels elegant and comfortable; The pendulum structure has clear sound and low metal impact sound, which is more stable and mature than the traditional skateboard structure in arc extinguishing and service life. 2. Double-hole pressure plate wiring is safer than screw wire pressing. Because the former increases the contact area between wires and electrical appliances, it is oxidation-resistant, not easy to loosen and have poor contact. When the latter screw is strong, it is easy to crush the wire, and the contact area is small, which makes the electrical parts easy to oxidize and age, leading to poor contact. At present, good products are connected by double-hole pressure plates.
Specific material selection: switch pure silver has strong conductivity, low calorific value and high safety performance, and the performance is greatly reduced when the contact is made of copper material; The socket is made of tin-phosphorus-green copper sheet, which can get the best strength, toughness, elasticity and other indicators, and it is tens of times more durable than the socket with ordinary brass reed, and the socket is rarely burned by strong arc when inserting the board. Gold-plated spring needle is extremely difficult to oxidize and has stable performance, which can ensure clear and true sound quality and fast and accurate data transmission.
Look at the label: at present, the rated current of household switches commonly used in the market is 16A, the socket current is 10A, and the sockets of air conditioners and water heaters are 16A. Good products clearly indicate the available current intensity, while the labels of inferior products are vague and the data are exaggerated, so it is impossible to determine whether the rated current of the labels can pass safely without producing full smoke.
Brand awareness: brand-name products have withstood the rigorous test of time and market, and are recognized as safe products in consumers' minds. Both materials and quality are strictly controlled, and there are high-quality processes in packaging, transportation, display and image design. Famous brand electrical products are not only a kind of safe electrical functional products, but also exquisite and elegant works of art that reflect elegant cultural taste.
In fact, no matter from which aspect, families should choose some brand-name products when purchasing switch sockets. These switch sockets are not only of good quality, novel style and diverse specifications, but also safe and reliable.
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3. Installation of switch socket
The switch socket is related to our future life, so we must consider it carefully. How to install the switch socket in different places safely and conveniently because of its high floor? Then let's see how Bian Xiao teaches you how to install a switch socket.
Preparatory work/about to start work
1, material requirements
(1) All kinds of switches: specifications and models must meet the design requirements and have product certificates.
(2) The types, specifications and models of all sockets must meet the design requirements and have product certificates.
(3) Plastic (table) board: it should have sufficient strength. Plastic (Taiwan) plate should be flat, without warping and deformation, and have product certificate.
(4) Wood (platform) board: its thickness should meet the design requirements and the provisions of the construction acceptance specification. Its board surface should be smooth, free from splitting and bending deformation, and the paint layer should be complete without falling off.
(5) Other materials: metal expansion bolts, plastic expansion pipes, galvanized wood screws, galvanized machine screws, wood bricks, etc.
2. Main machines and tools:
(1) red pencil, tape measure, spirit level, wire pendant, insulating gloves, tool bag, high stool, etc.
(2) Hammer, chisel, wire stripper, needle nose pliers, awl, tap, casing, electric drill, electric hammer, drill bit, nail gun, etc.
3. Operating conditions:
(1) All kinds of pipelines and boxes have been laid. The box is tightly covered.
(2) The wire of the line has been worn, and the insulation shaking test has been completed.
(3) Interior decoration such as wall plastering, painting and wallpaper has been completed.
At present, there are mainly two kinds of switches sold, single-pole switch and two-way switch. Unipolar is a common switch, one switch is closed, the closing point contacts, the circuit is connected, and the separation circuit is disconnected. Bidirectional means that there are two closing points, and the switch makes the two lines contact. Bidirectional switches are mainly used for dual control purposes. For example, install one at the entrance of the hall and one outside the bedroom door, which can be used to control the main light of the hall. This also answers your other question. The dual control does not use a single-pole switch, but a two-way switch.
Installation skills:
1, the switch socket cannot be installed on the flower waist line of the ceramic tile.
2. When the bottom box of the switch socket is punched on the ceramic tile, the frame cannot be more than 2mm larger than the bottom box, nor can it be made into a round hole. In order to ensure the installation of switches and sockets in the future, the edge of the bottom box should be as flush as possible with the tiles, so that it is not necessary to find a longer screw when installing in the future.
3. The position where the switch socket is installed should not damage more than two tiles, and it should be installed in the middle of the tiles as far as possible.
4. The hole for installing the faucet must be made into a round hole, not a square hole or a "U" shape. Then fill a piece in the U-shaped hole, the size of the hole should not exceed 2mm, and the edge of the water outlet should be flush with the ceramic tile.
5. When installing the socket, the exposed socket is not less than 1.8m from the ground.
6. The concealed socket is not less than 0.3 meters from the ground. In order to prevent children from getting an electric shock, touching or stabbing the hole of the power supply with their fingers, a safety socket with a safety baffle must be selected.
7. The construction wiring requirements of single-phase two-eye socket are: "left zero and right fire" when holes are horizontally arranged and "zero fire" when holes are vertically arranged.
8. The wiring requirements of single-phase three-eye socket are as follows: the grounding eyelet at the top must be firmly, firmly and correctly connected with the grounding wire and must not be disconnected. The remaining two eyelets are connected according to the rule of "left zero and right fire". It is worth noting that the zero line and the protective grounding line must not be wrongly connected or integrated.
9. The refrigerator should use an independent three-eye socket with protective grounding. It is forbidden to connect the homemade grounding wire to the gas pipeline to avoid serious fire accidents; In order to ensure the absolute safety of the family, the socket of the range hood should also use a three-eye socket, and the protection of the grounding hole must not be taken lightly.
10, the bathroom is often used for taking a shower and getting wet easily. Ordinary sockets should not be installed, and waterproof switches should be used to ensure personal safety.
1 1. When installing the switch, the concealed switch is 1.2m- 1.4m from the ground and 150mm-200mm from the door frame.
12. position: generally, one hand is used to reverse the direction switch, and the right hand and left hand are redundant. Therefore, most of the switches at home are installed on the left side of the door, which is convenient to open with the right hand after entering the door. Consistent with behavioral logic.
Switch socket installation sequence:
1, first find the specific location of the switch socket on the map, which looks a bit like the English "f" on the floor plan.
2. Draw a rough frame with the box frame of the socket prepared in advance. This tool is very helpful for orderly positioning.
3. Measure the distance between the position of wires and pipes and the wall in the vertical direction.
4. Measure the position of the same width on the corner.
5. According to the position of the point just measured, two vertical lines can be drawn with elastic lines.
6. The cutting machine cuts along the elastic line.
7, electric drill, open a suitable pipe groove, the depth of the groove should match the diameter of the pipe, the pipe can be seated, whether it is neat or not can reflect the level and experience of a construction team.
8. Open the hole of the junction box and insert the connector from the box to the outside.
9. Make a wire box and embed it in the opened wall.
10, calculate the distance from the box to the ground, and ensure that the bending is smooth and the pipe is not broken.
1 1. Connect the pipe with the box, and the bent pipe is just placed on the ground smoothly.
12, the new pipe can be threaded without steel wire, but if it is more standard to wear expensive audio wire or long-distance threading, then use steel wire.
13. Hook one end of the steel wire first to prevent the sharp end from scratching the inside of the pipeline.
14. Insert the steel wire into the tube slowly and push it slowly to avoid scratching the tube too quickly.
15. After the steel wire comes out from the other end, it is twisted with the steel wire and slowly pulled into the tube. The steel wire is actually the lead in this process.
16. After the wires reach the junction box, the pipes are connected with matching connectors.
17. As a concealed work, the interface link must be closed in good condition.
18, and the wire at the other end should be protected with a gland in time.
19, the standard practice of the thread head part is to hide it all in the wire box, but the control of the thread head length is a detailed problem, and no more or less is the standard.
20, threading part is completed, after a series of acceptance, such as measuring whether the circuit is unobstructed, you can smoothly pour cement.
2 1, the threading process on the ceiling is basically the same, but generally, because the ceiling has more wires than the lamp holder, it is only necessary to wear red fire wires and blue zero wires.
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4. Brand and product of switch socket-
Top Ten Brands of 20 13 Switch Sockets
First place: Siemens (Siemens (China) Co., Ltd., one of the largest electrical engineering and electronics companies in the world, starting from 1847).
Second place: TCL- Legrand (founded in 1860, the leading brand in the electrical appliance industry, TCL- Legrand International Electrician (Huizhou) Co., Ltd.)
Third place: Honeywell-Lonon (Honeywell Lonon Electrical System Technology (Guangdong) Co., Ltd., 1885, a large multinational enterprise established for diversified production technology).
Fourth place: LEVITON- American LEVITON( 1906 was founded in new york) is a global leader in manufacturing electrical accessories, lighting control, energy management and structured wiring products, with more than 600 patents, supplying more than 35,000 kinds of electrical products for industry, commerce, family and other fields, providing comprehensive intelligent energy management systems, cinema lighting control systems and high-performance integrated wiring solutions. Liviten always adheres to the principle of providing users with high-quality products, integrated solutions and perfect services, and its products have passed the certification of CQC, CCC, EIA/TIA, IEEE, UL, NEC, NEMA, BICSI, CEA, CEDIA, CSA, CE and other standards. )
Fifth place: Simon (19 16 was founded in Spain, a world-famous communication wiring brand, simon electric China Co., Ltd.).
Sixth place: Qisheng (1920 was founded in Australia, a world-famous brand, one of the largest electrical products brands in Asia, Schneider Electric (China) Investment Co., Ltd.)
Seventh place: Mei Lan Rilan (1920 France, one of Schneider Electric's leading global distribution brands, Schneider Electric (China) Investment Co., Ltd.).
Eighth place: Panasonic (founded in 198 1, a large multinational group company, Panasonic (China) Co., Ltd.)
Ninth place: Feidiao switch socket (starting from 1987, a large modern enterprise, one of the leading brands in the industry, Shanghai Feidiao Electric Appliance Group Co., Ltd.)
Tenth place: Matsumoto (Guangdong brand, enterprise specializing in electrical products, Matsumoto Electric Industry Co., Ltd.)
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