I. Signing a contract
Never sign a contract blindly unless you read the drawings, inspect the construction site and understand the accommodation environment of the workers. No matter what Party A says, no matter how high the salary is, don't believe it. You must go on-the-spot investigation in person and master the first-hand information and the real situation before making a decision. Otherwise, the lighter will not make money, and the heavier will even go to the warehouse.
Two. Drawing approval
I have accumulated 30 years of experience in steel bar construction, and I have used drawings in several fields. From this, I found that no matter where the drawings are designed, the steel bars are more or less defective. Be sure to find out these defects in advance before starting work, and discuss them clearly with the designer when reviewing the drawings before starting work. Otherwise, you will be in big trouble and the loss is inevitable.
Three. manage
It is common sense to respect supervision, and it is also reasonable to obey supervision. There are three kinds of supervision, 1. Older people have higher personalities, so they don't ask for it seriously. No matter how you do your work, he suggested it in a roundabout way. 3. Strict supervision means simultaneous requirements. For 1. You must respect others, but you must do your own work well, and more than 95% must conform to the norms; Dealing with relationships is a top priority. You are willing to be an iron rooster, he is just looking for bones in an egg. You embroider steel bars into flowers and bury them in cement. How much time and energy does it take to fiddle with them? Just be satisfied, but remember, a quality accident is not good for anyone, because it is too deceptive. On the premise of not cutting corners, the diameter and spacing of steel bars must be exactly the same. For human nature, respect is better than obedience, obedience is better than respect, and relations and qualities are indispensable.
And 4, some supervisors are hired by supervision companies at low prices, and they don't know much about reinforcement technology. They don't look at the 10 1 atlas, and often ask the steel workers what's going on. At this time, you must tell them modestly and praise them patiently, because he has the right to take care of you and his buddies get along well. If there is an opportunity, others may help us.
Four. Venue
Of course, it goes without saying that the venue is spacious. Once the site is narrow, reinforcement work can't be done. Semi-finished steel bars are like a Chinese medicine shop. There must be room for it. There is no place to put it, so you have to press it. When you use it, you can't turn it out in a hurry. You can't do it well in advance. We were shorthanded when we tied them up. This is a waste of money. Slowing down without a venue is likely to eat up your little profit. The solution is to discuss with the boss in advance and allow temporary assembly with scaffolding pipes? Semi-finished steel storage rack of United Mine? Read my feature article, and this problem will be solved.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) management
If you use hourly workers, the working hours are generally from 5 am to noon 1 1: 30, and in the evening 1 to 7: 30. It is extremely normal for workers to work 12 ~ 14 hours a day. Don't learn from me, and let your workers get off work after 10 hours, which makes the leaders of the whole site very angry. For a batch of manual or mechanical processing operations, people will get bored after a long time. It's a good idea to pay by piece, and it can also punish those workers who slip. If you are experienced and can estimate the workload for half a day, you'd better use the division of labor of small packers. Workers will leave work when they finish their work, and they are willing to do it. However, they should pay attention to quality and tools and equipment, and workers will soon find out that this is the easiest way to ignore quality, accelerate tool wear and cause fatigue and machine failure.
One more thing, team management? Human heart? It is also very important to secretly reward the backbone of cronies for taking the lead; When the weather is hot, it is absolutely necessary to buy some cold drinks or fruits for the workers and invite them to a restaurant from time to time to enhance their feelings.
Step 6 calculate the map
When it comes to steel bar turnover, the technical level of steel bar workers is all reflected here, with all kinds of tricks and tricks. First of all, six volumes 10 1 atlas from 1 to 6, you must master it, otherwise you will be unable to move. Secondly, in order to improve, it is essential to use computers well. When you have time, make the commonly used reinforced concrete components into modules, one at a time, and quickly calculate the quantity. There is basically no need for an LCD calculator, and you can quickly take out construction sketches and steel bars. Look at me. Rome was not built in a day
Seven. straightening
As we all know, the steel bar straightening machine is generally three people working together. One person turns on the switch and two people take turns to pull the straightened steel bar. A steel bar can walk 30 to 60 meters. The longer people pull steel bars, the more tired they get, but that's not the trick. But only one person works to make a valve. In this case, the length of iron can be 25~30 meters, and channel steel, such as wood, is used. Let the straightened steel bar slide freely in the chute. When it reaches a certain length, the operator will stop and cut it, and every 10 or 15 steel bars will be bundled and slid under the chute. How about binding when cutting? How about tripling the work efficiency and saving two people?
Eight. take away
Now no one uses hammers and iron saws, and grinding wheel cutters are rarely used. Steel bar cutter is the main construction site. So, have you used the steel bar cutter? The common practice is to put a steel bar cutting machine on site, or put one or two layers of bricks or boards under the cutting machine, and nail a big board more than ten meters long on one side of the cutting machine. Don't you think this ancient method is too backward and clumsy? The biggest disadvantage is that the passage is cut off, and people work too hard and get tired easily.
Now I'll tell you my unique skill: weld a bracket with thick steel pipe or channel steel or angle steel, which is about 30 cm high, put it under the cutting machine, jam the caster of the cutting machine, raise the cutting machine so that people don't have a cat's waist when working, so as to reduce fatigue strength. Make four or five iron benches, the volume is more than 60 cm square, the bench surface is made of iron plates, and the four legs are welded with steel bars, so that they can move freely along the cutting machine.
Nine. cast
Hand wrenches are basically laid off, and they have all been replaced by steel pipe benders and hoop pipe benders. However, have you used the steel bar bender? Look at all the construction sites. One side of the steel bar bending machine is nailed with a long row of large plates about 6~7 meters. There is a pile of steel bars waiting to be formed on it. Don't you think this ancient method is too backward and clumsy? The biggest disadvantage is that the channel is cut off, and it is difficult to take materials and inconvenient to operate.
Now I'll tell you my trick: weld three iron brackets with thick steel bars and put them in front of and behind the bending machine, and put a small short bracket on the left side of the bending machine, all as high as one side of the bending machine, and put the steel bars to be molded on it. When molding, only two people can operate. One person puts the hook at the back, and the other person looks for the switch with one hand, which is n times more efficient than laying a big board. All right, give it a try.
X. column
As long as the tower crane can be hoisted, it is the most labor-saving trick to install the pre-tied skeleton on site. It is not advisable to let people climb the post to tie it, which is both labor-consuming and dangerous. The inner hoop of composite stirrup is not easy to set. You can make a single retractor and use a buckle, which also saves a lot of things. It is also allowed in the atlas of 10 1- 1.
The protective layer at the end of the column is controlled by binding a short steel bar head with a diameter of 18 or 20 outside the stirrup, which can prevent the column from tilting above the floor. This is a secret trick that cannot be spread abroad.
Xi。 crossbeam
Pre-binding installation is the development direction. It is a waste of time to go to the site for binding, and it also delays the next working procedure. Generally, continuous beams are overlapped in columns, which is easier to handle. It can be pre-tied into sections, but it can't be tied with shoulder pole tendons and waist tendons. You can tie the stirrup to the shoulder pole reinforcement with a rebar head with a diameter of 6~8 outside the stirrup to make it stand upright, and install the beam on the formwork with a wooden square under it, waiting for the beam to be installed. Finally, tie the lumbar tendon and hang the retractor. For the dense stirrup at the post, it can be welded into a stirrup cage in advance. Note that the stirrup size of this stirrup cage is one or two centimeters larger, and it is set on the column and landed at the same time as the beam. How's it going? Let's go one step further.
Twelve. floor slab
The practice of tying the main reinforcement at the bottom without drawing the spacing line and only looking at it with your eyes is purely fooling the Japanese. I never agreed. No amount of experience and good vision can replace a ruler, but it can only be called barbaric construction and barbaric reinforcement. For dense steel mesh, you can make plum blossom buttons, but you should make two rows of full buttons on the side. The trick is to buckle the steel bar. Tied steel bars must not be afraid of being trampled on them. To do this, you should use cross braces. I have another article devoted to this problem. Unless the boss is afraid of wasting materials, there is nothing he can do. In fact, there is no need to spend money at all, and it is welded with steel bars.
If you want to tie the steel bars of the slab quickly, if the boss agrees, it is the best way to tie the fasteners in pieces, with a length of 2.5~3 meters. It is best to use electric welding with multiple solder joints to prevent deformation. Waste some 6 mm distribution strips, and the boss can do it without feeling bad.
Thirteen. stairway
Stair reinforcement can be prepared in advance, but stair running reinforcement cannot be prepared in advance. No matter how accurate your main reinforcement is, it can't be guaranteed to be the same size as the finished template. Before cutting and shaping, you must measure the actual size. It is common for stair beams to be pre-tied and installed in advance, but don't forget that it is also a trick to tie the short end of No.25 steel bar to the bottom of the skeleton and pad the protective layer in advance. Also, the steel bars of the stairs must be able to withstand people's trampling.
Fourteen Pre-binding
Reinforcement workers cannot do without pre-binding. What kind of pre-binding brackets do you use? Two thick steel bars protruding from the box are used as supports; It is inconvenient to weld three steel bars to make a triangular bracket. I'll tell you my trick. Bending a steel bar into a bracket with a cutting length of 4.5 meters and a diameter of 18 or 20 or 22 can be used permanently, which is extremely convenient. A construction site can turn around with eight such pre-tied brackets. The style of this bracket looks like there are 7 characters on the top and 7 characters on the bottom. It doesn't matter whether it is welded or not. Tie it with iron wire and use it. If it is welded, it can be made of steel bars.
Fifteen. knife
It is foolish to cut silk with a grinding wheel cutter or sew scissors. Go to the blacksmith's furnace, buy a ready-made paper cutter as a sample, and let him process one exactly the same. Don't forget there is a spring in it.
Sixteen. Circular arc circle
Not an arc, an arc is an arc-shaped steel bar, and a circle is a circular steel bar with a diameter greater than 14. I used to press the chassis bit by bit with my hands, which was not fun. Tired and slow, and not allowed. You didn't think about it. Have you ever survived on a steel bending machine? Just insert two stakes and two adjusting sleeves at the iron block, and you're done. Buying two iron flowers in the scrap metal purchasing department is worth a little lathe processing fee.
Seventeen. spirality
Who made the pile reinforcement and the column reinforcement? There is an inner ring and an outer ring. The inner ring is bent with the steel bar with the diameter of 12, and the forming with the bending machine is fast and labor-saving. The outer ring rotates continuously and bends into a chain with a diameter of 6 or 8. Some people do it by hand, get a reel head and the workers shake it. Not tired. It's really terrible on a hot day. Two or three people are too slow to operate.
Using a steel bending machine, a core is machined according to the size of the turntable, and a hole is drilled on it. Two or three guide wheels are fixed on the block. Start the bending machine to process three spiral stirrups with a diameter of 6 and two spiral stirrups with a diameter of 8 at a time. The initial development was successful, and one person operated it. Compared with manual work, the work efficiency is improved by 24 times. Really? Tricks can be easily run, depending on whether you find them or not. .
Eighteen. mark
There are many kinds of semi-finished steel bars, which need to be marked. What mark should I make? Carpenters used to scrape boards, cut them into small pieces and drill holes for use, but now they are all contracted. Woodworkers are unwilling to wait on us. Of course, there are tricks. Go to the decoration material store to buy the cloth head of the light box cloth, write it with a marker and tie it to the steel bar with a tie line. How's it going? Well done.
Nineteen. spirality
That one said, there is a spiral on it. Why did it turn back again? By the way, this time it's a spiral stirrup. As long as you get on well with Party A and the supervisor, he won't press it? Laptop computer? Card you, in the ring beam and the smaller simply supported beam, the use of square spiral stirrups is absolutely superior to the contemporary single stirrup design, because the spiral stirrups are connected as a whole, ensuring that they are not deformed or twisted in concrete, and the single stirrup may become crooked when it is hit in concrete. The skeleton of pre-tied spiral stirrups is quite strong and has excellent stability. Twenty years' experience tells us that old Deng Xiaoping is right. New processes and new products are often patented through people's practical achievements, and then recognized through official rules and regulations. Isn't it?
XX。 fodder
I just remembered this. It should be in the front.
When you calculate cramps, you should pay attention. If possible, it is suggested that Party A use threads instead of smooth round and straight steel bars, that is, increase the strength and reduce the number of hooks, so that Party A can save materials, labor and effort. Isn't it a happy thing?
Twenty one. classify
In case the design of plate buckle reinforcement is complicated and there are dozens or hundreds of styles, it will be troublesome for you to work. Don't want to make money, the workers are all in the nest. What should I do? First of all, we should do a good job with Party A and the supervisor, let them be lenient, and then classify them. The difference is 5 cm, or 10 cm. I heard that there is a difference of 30 cm.
Another classification is that there are various designs in boards with the same bay and span. The enhanced model should be one, but he did design many models. It seems that the damn designer is deliberately conditioning and playing with the steel workers, and he is not angry with you. For example, the same plate buckle, the same layout is charged to the deep span, and the distance in this piece with a diameter of 8 is 100. The piece with a diameter of 10 and a spacing of 150, and the other piece with a diameter of 12 and a spacing of 200, there are too many such incidents and there is no reason for this. Then you can negotiate with Party A and the supervisor to classify him, and the classification is successful. If inspection is allowed, your job will be easier and it will be easier to earn RMB.
Twenty-two health
Pay attention to hygiene when doing reinforcement work. I haven't heard of it.
If the boss is angry and the steel bars stumble, it's strange that the foreman doesn't worry with you. Paying attention to hygiene when working in steel bars is a concrete manifestation of professional ethics.
At no time should one go against one's conscience. The boss's steel bars are also bought with money, and the money of Party A or the boss is not blown by strong winds. You steelworkers earn less than a few bars. Therefore, saving materials for others is your professional necessity.
The most hateful thing is that in front of the cutting machine, a lot of steel bars have been piled up over time and shipped out to sell scrap iron. Isn't it a pity?
The correct way is that before going off work at noon or at night every day, the blanking workers must put aside the steel bar heads near the cutting machine in categories, with the length: 1 m 2 m 3 m, thickness: diameter 6; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16; 18; 20; 22; 25; 28; 30; By analogy, the next time workers cut the material, they should first choose the material head, and then use the whole piece of material when the material head is not available, so as to form a habit and be a real steel reinforcement team, so as to have a clear conscience.
In order to save steel, there is a more advanced trick, that is, to register scraps and scraps. When the squad leader opens the bill of materials and indicates which scraps and ends to use, the workers will consciously use the ends to cut the materials.
With my method, tens of thousands of square meters of projects can save the boss and Party A more than ten tons of steel bars. Just for fun. If you don't believe me, try.
However, this is an account of conscience, and your contribution is not obvious at all. You still have to pay this fine, and you still have to pay this salary. Therefore, this proposal is generally not accepted, not welcomed by peers, and you may be scolded behind it.
Twenty-three group
Steel work, workers are most forbidden to coax, must be grouped. Two people, usually three or four people, up to six people can be grouped, which is most conducive to management. After grouping, let the old workers lead the new workers and the skilled workers lead the unskilled workers. Through guidance, the technical quality of all workers will be improved soon.
Twenty-four cast
Before each group starts work, send out a piece of paper with what they are doing, what requirements they have, how much workload they have or how much their total salary is. This is the most difficult way to make mistakes, and even if there are mistakes, it is better to find out the reasons, which is more conducive to management. Especially when binding, if dozens of people bind steel bars and one person holds drawings to guide the workers to operate, it is definitely too busy. Each group sends out a drawing of binding steel bars, and the management personnel wait to check the quality and do a good job in binding efficiency.
Twenty-five homework
Homework is homework and words are homework. There is a lot of pressure here.
Using assembly line production, the next process is to undertake the relationship, and you have to take pains to keep an eye on the workers. Otherwise, a worker deliberately has a problem in an intermediate link, so that all production chains are interrupted or disconnected, and the whole efficiency is immediately reduced by half. At that time, you lost a lot of money in that small bag of steel bars. It was boring and boring.
With competitive production, there is a parallel relationship between group processes, and workers are working hard. You are faster than me, and the more you work, the more you work. If you work piece by piece, you will see who earns more money. If you are a contractor, you will see who finishes the work first. If you are competing, you will take advantage of the small class.
Twenty-six alliance
Colleagues are enemies. In the steel industry, this is unreasonable. Everyone is busy and needs support when contracting reinforcement work. Usually the relationship is not good. There is no support when busy, people are tired, and workers are out of breath. That's not bad. It will delay the overall construction progress of the site and punish you to death. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a steel bar alliance, support each other when busy, solve difficulties with each other and make money harmoniously. If you don't believe me, you can use Dagang. If you don't play for 80 yuan a day, you will see how much you have to pay for it.
Twenty-seven stirrup
Tell me the details this time.
Stirrup must be calculated according to Lippi's size, and some software to calculate stirrup skin is very confusing. I said he had ulterior motives. The stirrup is calculated by Lippi, which is the most scientific algorithm. The protective layer itself already includes stirrups. The value of protective layer also refers to the sheath and protective layer of main reinforcement, usually referring to main reinforcement rather than stirrup. The protective layer of stirrups is another matter, and its meaning is confusing, so students don't understand the north.
There are many algorithms to calculate the stirrup length, and it is basic to add two hooks on four sides. But according to Lippi, the shortened value should be added. Note that this is not the elongation value, but also the elongation resistance value, which is about 3 ~ 4 times the diameter of stirrup.
Twenty-eight Bend upward
Speaking of bending bars, also known as ingot bars and bow iron, although the flat method is widely used, bending bars are also designed from time to time. This thing is not fun. You have to have real skills to play it. If it is not good, it will become uneven and the length will be inappropriate. The key is to reduce the elongation or elongation value during calculation and blanking. The 45-degree angle is halved by d, the 90-degree angle is reduced by 1d, and the diameter is. There is also the calculation of oblique length, which is actually a dead rule. When the angle is 45 degrees, the height is multiplied by the coefficient 1.4 14; when the angle is 60 degrees, the height is multiplied by the coefficient 1. 155. Bending tendons can be counted and done, and duck tendons can float tendons, not to mention.
Twenty-nine scale
Do you still need to be verbose about the size? Of course.
Two days ago, I downloaded a reinforcement software. I was very angry when I read this report. The reinforcement form is in centimeters, and the blanking length is in meters. It can really play tricks, and it will soon go wrong. I don't have to work. How can so many workers not make mistakes?
The reinforcement team must carry a tape measure with them. Rulers are guns in the hands of soldiers. If you don't take a gun to the battlefield, will you die? There is no ruler on the rebar worker. What do you do?
The list of materials proposed by the rebar supervisor must be in millimeters and consistent with the standard method on the drawings. The mixture of centimeters and meters shows that you are not from a regular school, and your brain is not reflected. If you have the ability, you can use the computer to play with steel bars.
Thirty. Scale reduction
Finally, talk about the difficult, proportional steel bars and steel bars.
Among them, pi, pi, oblique pi, trigonometric function, right triangle, Pythagorean theorem and so on are often used.
It's labor-saving to count such fancy things on the computer.
For example, chimneys, water towers, trestles, ramps, warehouses, pools, garden buildings, various artistic forms, etc. Square is easy to handle, round, oblique, triangular and fan-shaped are often encountered. Force you to improvise. With advanced skills, there is a plan.
For example, the corbel, the big root and small head under the cantilever beam, and the long stirrup have to use tricks.
Work hard at ordinary times and you will succeed naturally. If you really can't, just find a big flat place to enlarge the sample, which is actually put in the computer.
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