is a famous mechanic, applied mathematician, educator and social activist. Is one of the founders of modern mechanics in China. He also specializes in applied mathematics, physics and Chinese informatics, and has written a lot. Especially in the fields of elasticity, variational principle, perturbation method and so on. The theory of nonlinear intrinsic unity of thin plates and shells put forward in the early years has had a great influence on solid mechanics and rational mechanics in Europe and America. The first mechanical laboratory in China was established, and the Institute of Mechanics and the Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences were established. He has been engaged in the leadership of higher education for a long time and made important contributions to the cultivation of scientific and technical talents in China. Social activities are very active and have actively promoted the great cause of the reunification of the motherland.
2. Qian Xuesen
A famous physicist in China and a world-famous rocket expert. A native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, born in Shanghai, Han nationality, joined the China * * * Production Party in August 1959 with a doctorate. He is known as "the father of Chinese missiles", "the father of China rockets" and "the king of missiles". In 27, he was named the person of the year who moved China. It has made great contributions to the development of China's rocket, missile and space industry. Qian Xuesen used to be Vice Chairman Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, member of the Department of Mathematics and Physics of China Academy of Sciences, honorary chairman of China Aerospace Society and chairman of China Association for Science and Technology. In October 1991, the State Council and the Central Military Commission awarded Qian Xuesen the honorary title of "National Outstanding Contribution Scientist" and the first-class hero model medal.
3. Li Siguang
is a world-famous scientist, geologist, educator and social activist, and the founder of modern earth science and geological work in China. One of the founders and main leaders of China's geological cause. He studied in a private school taught by his father Li Zhuohou since childhood. At the age of 14, he bid farewell to his parents and came to Wuchang alone to apply for a higher primary school. When filling in the registration form, he mistook the name column for the age column, wrote down the word "fourteen", and then changed the word "ten" into "Li" with the word "light" added at the back, and since then, he has become famous as "Li Siguang". Li Siguang's greatest contribution is to establish geomechanics, and to study the phenomenon of crustal movement from the mechanical point of view, to explore the laws of geological movement and mineral distribution, the characteristics of the new Cathaysian tectonic system, and to analyze the geological conditions in China, which shows that there must be oil on the land of China. Theoretically, it overturns the conclusion that China is poor in oil, and affirms that China has good oil storage conditions.
4. Zhu Kezhen
A famous scientist and patriotic educator in China, a contemporary famous scientist, geographer and meteorologist, the founder of modern geography and meteorology in China. He is a pioneer in the meteorological cause of "seeking truth from facts" for the country all his life. He has a profound study on the formation, characteristics, zoning and changes of China's climate, as well as the history of geography and natural science. He has made great achievements in meteorology, climatology, geography, history of natural science and so on, and phenology is one of the fields where he has made great contributions. Every achievement of modern phenology in China is inseparable from his work. He always pays attention to the population, resources and environment problems in China from a scientific perspective, and is a pioneer of "sustainable development".
5. Chen Jingrun
A famous mathematician in China, graduated from the Mathematics Department of Xiamen University. From 1953 to 1954, he taught in Beijing No.4 Middle School. Because of his slurred speech, he was refused to teach on the platform, and he could only correct his homework. Later, he was "suspended from work and returned to his hometown for illness". He was transferred back to Xiamen University as a librarian and studied number theory. In 1956, he was transferred to the Institute of Mathematics of China Academy of Sciences. In 198, he was elected as a member of Physics and Mathematics Department of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Chen Jingrun mainly studied analytic number theory. In 1966, he published "Expressing Even Numbers as the Sum of the Products of a Prime Number and No More than Two Prime Numbers" (referred to as "1+2"), which became a milestone in the research of Goldbach's conjecture. And his published results are also called Chen's theorem. This work also enabled him to win the first prize of China Natural Science Award together with Wang Yuan and Pan Chengdong in 1978. His achievements in studying Goldbach's conjecture and other number theory problems are still far ahead in the world. Known as the first person of Goldbach conjecture.
6. Yang Le
Yang Le, a famous basic mathematician. Nantong, Jiangsu, born on November 1, 1939. He is currently Chairman chinese mathematical society, Academician of China Academy of Sciences, Research Fellow of Institute of Mathematics and Doctoral Supervisor. He won the Hua Luogeng Prize for Mathematics because of his outstanding research achievements in function module distribution theory, radiation angle distribution theory, normal family and so on.
Yang Le mainly studies the value distribution theory of whole functions and meromorphic functions in function theory. He cooperated with Zhang Guanghou and made many creative achievements in the research of analytic functions. Between 1965 and 1977, they published eight important papers in this field. In 1982, he published the book Value Distribution Theory and Its New Research (Science Press) alone. The connection between "deficient value" and "singular direction" in the theory of function value distribution discovered by him and Zhang Guanghou completely solved the long-standing problem of singular direction distribution in this ancient branch of mathematics. Their estimation of the function deficiency is also considered to be the result of universal accuracy. International mathematicians call these achievements "Yang Yi's Zhang Theorem" and "Yang Yi's Zhang Inequality".
7. Qian Sanqiang
Qian Xuantong, his father, was a famous linguist in modern China. He lived in Beijing with his father when he was a teenager, and studied in Comte Middle School, where Cai Yuanpei was the principal.
In p>194, Qian Sanqiang obtained a French national doctorate, and continued to work as an assistant with the second generation of Curie couples. In 1946, he married He Zehui, a talented woman in the same subject. The husband and wife made a breakthrough in the study of uranium fission, which was recommended by their tutor Iorio to the world scientific community. Many newspapers and periodicals in western countries published this matter, and praised "the Curie couple in China discovered the new nuclear splitting method". In the same year, the French Academy of Sciences also awarded the physics prize to Qian Sanqiang.
8. Madame Curie
was born in Poland and was a physicist and chemist in Poland, France. A world-famous scientist, who studied radioactive phenomena and discovered two natural radioactive elements, radium and polonium (P not), won the Nobel Prize twice in his life (the first time in physics and the second time in chemistry). In the process of studying radium for several years, as an outstanding scientist, Madame Curie has a social influence that ordinary scientists do not have. Especially because she is a pioneer of successful women, her model has inspired many people.
9. Einstein
American physicist, Jew, pioneer and founder of modern physics, proposer of relativity-"mass-energy relationship", defender of "deterministic quantum mechanical interpretation" (vibrating particle)-God who does not roll dice. On December 26th, 1999, Einstein was selected as "the great man of the century" by American Time Magazine.
1. Oppenheimer
The father of the American atomic bomb. In 1947, Oppenheimer served as Dean of Advanced Study Institute of Princeton University. As the chairman of the General Advisory Committee of the National Atomic Energy Commission, he warned the United States not to fall into the arms development competition against the Soviet Union and opposed the more powerful hydrogen bomb test. His enemy took the opportunity to attack him and accused him of disloyalty to the United States. After a hearing held by the Atomic Energy Commission in 1954, Oppenheimer was declared as a politically unsafe figure and became the most famous victim of the anti-red terrorist movement at that time. At the same time, his statement of "the father of the atomic bomb" is even louder.
11. Edison
Although Americans have only studied in school for three months in their lives, they have invented more than 1, kinds of achievements, such as electric light, telegraph, phonograph and movies, and become famous inventors, known as the "king of inventions", making great contributions to human civilization and progress.
Edison was also a great entrepreneur. In 1879, Edison founded "Edison Electric Lighting Company". In 188, incandescent lamps went on sale. In 189, Edison established its various businesses as Edison General Electric Company. In 1891, Edison's thin filament and high vacuum incandescent bulb were patented. In 1892, Tom? Houston Company merged with Edison Electric Lighting Company to form General Electric Company, which started the dominance of General Electric in the electric field for a century.
12. Nobel
Swedish chemist, engineer and industrialist, the founder of the Nobel Prize. The Nobel Prize is awarded to the person who has made the most outstanding achievements in five fields: physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, peace. He is not only outstanding, but also a great man who has made the greatest contribution!
He contributed generously to various humanitarian and scientific charities, and entrusted most of his property to the trust, and established the Nobel Prize, which later became the highest international honor, that is, five Nobel Prizes for peace, literature, physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine (among which the Nobel Prize in Economics was added with funds from the Swedish National Bank in 1968).
13. Bell
American inventor, inventor of the telephone.
Born in Edinburgh, England, after graduating from Edinburgh Royal Middle School at the age of 14, he attended classes at Edinburgh University and University College London, mainly relying on self-study and family education. Acoustic research began in 1864.
In p>1872, a school for training deaf teachers was established in Boston, and the Visible Language Guide was compiled. In 1873, he became a professor of vocal physiology at Boston University. In 1875, his multiplex telegraph was patented. In 1876, the US Patent Office approved his telephone patent. Telephone patent is the most controversial one in history. After a long lawsuit, Bell finally won. In 188, France awarded him the Volt Prize.
14. Pasteur
French microbiologist and chemist, the founder of modern microbiology. Like Newton pioneered classical mechanics, Pasteur pioneered the field of microbiology, and he was also a scientific giant.
Pasteur made many exploratory studies in his life and achieved great results. He was one of the most accomplished scientists in the 19th century. He spent his whole life trying to prove three scientific problems: (1) Every fermentation is due to the development of a microorganism. The French chemist found that heating can kill those annoying microorganisms that make beer bitter. Soon, "pasteurization" was applied to all kinds of foods and drinks. (2) Every infectious disease is the development of a microorganism in the organism: Pasteur saved the French silk industry by discovering and eradicating a bacterium that invaded silkworm eggs. (3) Microorganisms of infectious diseases can reduce their virulence under special culture, so that they can be transformed from germs into drug vaccines for disease prevention. He realized that many diseases were caused by microorganisms, so he established the theory of bacteria.
Louis Pasteur is praised by the world as "the most perfect person to enter the kingdom of science".
15. Fleming
The inventor of penicillin (also known as penicillin). He found penicillin mold in Petri dishes; Overcome technical difficulties; After a long and unremitting struggle with many skeptics, we finally won-the invention of penicillin became the greatest pioneering work in the medical field in the twentieth century. The Nobel Prize Committee was not blinded by public opinion and awarded Fleming the 1945 Nobel Prize in Medicine. As Fleming's collaborators, Flory and ernst boris chain won the Nobel Prize in Medicine together with him.