[Edit this paragraph] Table tennis English words
1, table tennis, table tennis ∴: a ball game played on the table, played with wooden rackets and small plastic balls.
2. Table tennis ∴: The ball used for table tennis is made of celluloid and has a diameter of four centimeters.
Table tennis is our national sport, and our country occupies a strong position in the history of table tennis. We should continue to work hard and strive for greater progress.
[Edit this paragraph] Table Tennis Overview
Table tennis is one of the ball games.
Table tennis and tennis have basically the same rules. Table tennis is played on the table, so it is called "table tennis".
When playing, it is called "table tennis" because the ball makes a "ping pong" sound.
At present, table tennis is 40.00 mm in diameter and weighs 2.40 ~ 2.53 grams. It is white, yellow or orange and is made of celluloid. Table tennis is 274 cm long, 152 cm wide and 76 cm high with a horizontal net in the middle. The players stood on both sides of the table and hit the ball with rackets. The ball must bounce off the table to get back to the net. It is effective to leave it on the other side's table. 1 1 (sometimes the scoring system of 2 1 has been implemented for a long time, and even the scoring system of 100 appeared at the earliest) is used as a game, and the best of five games (group) or the best of seven games (single event) is adopted. The competition is divided into team competition and individual competition (singles and doubles mixed doubles).
Table tennis originated in England at the end of19th century, and it is said that it originated from tennis. According to legend, at that time, several college students took the table as the venue and pushed the cork around the table like playing tennis with wooden boards, so it was called "table tennis", which is also the origin of the English word "table tennis". 1900 or so, due to the development of light industry, the ball was changed into a hollow ball made of celluloid. Hewitt, a printer in new york, synthesized an artificial plastic that looks like ivory. It softens when heated and hardens when cooled, and named it celluloid. Hewitt made a batch of table tennis with celluloid on 1869, which was very popular. Nowadays, table tennis is made of plastic made of cotton. /kloc-After the 0/9th century, table tennis gradually developed. The first large-scale table tennis competition was held from 1900 to 65438+February in Queen's Hall in Renpington, England, which was the first of its kind. More than 300 people took part in the competition. During the competition, male athletes should wear shirts and starched vests, while female athletes should wear skirts and even hats.
From 65438 to 0926, ITTF (International Table Tennis Federation) was formally established and decided to hold the first World Table Tennis Championships. In the past 50 years, the development of table tennis has gone through three stages. Although the rackets used by early athletes have different shapes, they are all made of wood, and the hitting speed is slow. Small strength, not to mention any rotation; The play is monotonous, just pushing the ball around.
From 65438 to 0936, the 10th World Table Tennis Championships was held in Bogera, and there was an amazing situation in the competition. Men's team championships were held in Romania and Austria. The game starts at 2 1 on Sunday. There are three chippers on each side of the clinker. Because of the same style of play and similar level, both of them used mushroom tactics, refused to pick the board easily, and tried to win from their opponents' mistakes. Is the game until 3 o'clock or 2: 2? According to local regulations, public places must be closed at 3 o'clock, which led to the intervention of the police. In the end, Austria won with 3 1 5-4.
1903, an Englishman Goodall invented the rubber racket, which strongly promoted the development of table tennis technology. From 1926 to 195 1, most players around the world use rubber bats with cylindrical particles on their surfaces. When hitting the ball, the elasticity and friction increase, which can make the ball rotate to a certain extent, so the defensive style of cutting off the rotating ball appears. This style of play has been popular in Europe for a long time, and many athletes have won the world championship with this style of play. The advantage of table tennis in this period was in Europe, among which Hungary scored the most outstanding. 1 17 world champions won 57 or 5 times, accounting for half of the European team. But this racket can only be used for backspin. Everyone is here, dawdling, even if you win the championship, it doesn't make sense. In the early 1950s, the Austrian invented the sponge racket, and the Japanese athletes' morality was used in world competitions, winning four championships in the 19 World Championships in one fell swoop, breaking the monopoly position of European athletes. Because Japanese players used this racket to create a long-range attack style, which has the advantages of strong forehand attack, fast speed and great threat of serve attack, it gradually replaced the defensive style of slow speed, weak rotation and weak attack in Europe, which made Japan win the advantage of table tennis in the 1950 s. From 1952 to 1959, Japan won 24 of the 49 world championships. This is the first big improvement in table tennis.
From 65438 to 0959, after Rong Guotuan won the men's singles championship in the 25th World Table Tennis Championships, China athletes began to enter the international table tennis arena. Gradually formed a "fast, accurate, ruthless, changing" technical style of the fast-break style. In the 26th World Championships of 196 1, China not only broke through Europe, but also defeated the Japanese player who won the secret weapon-"curling ball" and won the men's team world championship for the first time. And won the 27th and 28th men's team championships in succession. The advantage of China's near-table fast break is its close position, high speed, flexible action and free use of forehand and backhand, which is a great progress compared with Japanese long-distance draw. In 1960s, China's table tennis skills were in the forefront of the world, and its advantages were transferred from Japan to China. This is the second big improvement in table tennis.
With the development of table tennis in Japan and China, European athletes have learned from their failures. After nearly 20 years of hard work, they finally created an advanced style of play that suits them, that is, the combination of loop ball and fast break. The representative figures are Hungarian Crampa and Jonel. The combination of fast break and loop ball is based on forehand and backhand fast break as the main technique, backhand fast break as the initiative and forehand loop ball as the scoring means. Representative figures are Gehlsen of Sweden and Olovsky of Czech Republic. These two styles of play are characterized by strong landing point, fast speed, strong pulling and hitting ability, low pulling and high hitting, and large room for manoeuvre. Table tennis has developed to a new height, and its position and speed are closely combined. This is the third big improvement in table tennis.
Since the 1970s, due to the strengthening of international exchanges and learning, various styles of play complement each other, so that table tennis technology has been developed and improved faster. For example, China's near-table fast break, straight-shot fast break combined with loop ball, and horizontal-shot fast break combined with loop ball have all developed and innovated, and achieved excellent results in international competitions. Now, table tennis has developed into one of the favorite sports of people all over the world. The International Table Tennis Federation also has 127 member associations/one of the largest sports organizations in the world. ITTF and table tennis federations of all continents have organized numerous world championships, World Cups, intercontinental competitions and international competitions of all sizes and forms. From 1982 to 1988, the decision of the international Olympic Committee to list table tennis as an official Olympic event will surely attract more attention from all countries in the world and promote the faster development of table tennis.
The origin of table tennis name
1890, several naval officers stationed in India came across that playing tennis on a small table was quite exciting. Later, they used a small hollow ball instead of a solid ball with little elasticity and a wooden board instead of a racket to play this novel "tennis match" on the table, which is the origin of the name table tennis.
Soon after its appearance, table tennis became a popular sport. At the beginning of the 20th century, the United States began to produce complete sets of table tennis equipment. Initially, table tennis had other names, such as indoor tennis. Later, an American manufacturer created the new word "Ping-Pong" by the sound made when ping-pong was hit, and used it as the registered trademark of his patent. Ping-pong later became another official name of table tennis. When it spread to China, people created a new word "table tennis".
In Japanese, table tennis is called "Zhuoqiu". Many words in table tennis come from tennis. The ball used for table tennis is called table tennis or table tennis, the table tennis table is called table tennis table, the table top is called court, the net in the middle is called net, and the shelf supporting the net is called net holder.
Table tennis singles generally adopt the system of two wins in three games or two wins in five games. The so-called "game" is set in English. Serving is called serving.
Table tennis originated in Britain, and Europeans still call it "table tennis". It can be seen that table tennis developed from tennis. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, tennis was all the rage in Europe. However, due to the limitation of venue and weather, some college students in Britain move tennis indoors, using the dining table as a table, books as a net, parchment as a racket and playing around the dining table.
At the beginning of the 20th century, table tennis flourished in Europe and Asia. From 65438 to 0926, an international table tennis invitational tournament was held in Berlin, Germany, which was later regarded as the first world table tennis championship and the International Table Tennis Federation was established.
The extensive development of table tennis has greatly improved rackets and balls. The original racket was a slightly processed board, and later someone put a layer of sheepskin on it. With the development of modern industry, Europeans put rubber with rubber particles on rackets. In the early 1950s, the Japanese invented the thick sponge racket. The original ball was a rubber ball similar to tennis. 1890, British athlete Gibb brought back some celluloid balls from America as table tennis toys.
In all kinds of table tennis competitions. The most famous is the World Table Tennis Championships, which was originally held once a year. After 1957, it was changed to biennial.
10 In 904, Wang Daowu, the owner of a stationery store in Shanghai, bought10 sets of table tennis equipment from Japan. From then on, table tennis was introduced to China.
Table tennis originated in Britain in the late19th century, and then spread to the United States, Central Europe, Japan, China and South Korea. At first, table tennis was regarded as an entertainment by many people, but today, it has become one of the major sports in the world. Table tennis was recognized by the Olympic Games in 1988 and officially became a competition event, including men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles and women's doubles.
[Edit this paragraph] The reform of table tennis.
The "small ball" became a "big ball"
In the early 1980s, after the China team won seven championships in the 36th World Table Tennis Championships, some people put forward the suggestion of increasing table tennis and nets, but this suggestion didn't get people's attention.
Since then, the technology of table tennis has been developing continuously, and the ball speed is getting faster and faster, and the rotation is getting stronger and stronger. Many athletes have fewer rounds against each other; Sometimes the ball flies like lightning before the audience can see it clearly, and the outcome has been decided, which weakens the interest of table tennis fans. Therefore, Ichiro Okimura, former president of ITTF, once considered increasing table tennis events. As the president of ITTF, Xu Yinsheng put this matter on the agenda.
1in may, 1996, ITTF parliament agreed to the proposal of testing big balls-in order to slow down the speed and rotation of the ball and increase the roundness and appreciation, it is suggested to increase the diameter of table tennis by two millimeters. ITTF is going to do an experiment in the youth championship in Japan next year, but Japanese manufacturers gave up because of too much opinion. At that time, I just suggested changing a big ball. In order to produce big balls, manufacturers need to invest money to remake molds and adjust the process. If the proposal is finally rejected, the money will be wasted.
In order to support the reform of table tennis, Shanghai Double Happiness Table Tennis Group resolutely undertook the trial-production task, and produced a number of high-quality big balls as required, which were sent to member associations for trial use by ITTF. The only table tennis association in the world that has instruments to measure the speed and rotation of dynamic table tennis has taken the initiative to undertake the testing work. Researchers from the Scientific Committee of the Chinese Table Tennis Association made an experiment on the influence of table tennis with different diameters and weights on hitting speed and rotation. The experimental conclusions are as follows: the ball with large diameter is slower than the ball with small diameter, and the rotation is weaker than the ball with small diameter; For balls with the same diameter, a ball with large weight and elasticity is faster and more powerful than a ball with small weight and elasticity.
1997 During the 44th World Table Tennis Championships, the first big ball test was conducted, but it had little impact. 1In the spring of 998, the Suzhou International Table Tennis "Big Ball" competition proposed by Xu Yinsheng was tested for the second time. The Chinese Table Tennis Association took the initiative to undertake the funding for the Suzhou trials. 1999, another international competition was held in Copenhagen, Denmark, using big balls.
1999 At the ITTF Congress held during the 45th World Table Tennis Championships in Dawei, the proposal of "Big Ball Reform" was shelved because it did not get a three-quarters majority. Of the members of 124, 84 voted for it, 30 opposed it, and 10 abstained. Shalala, then the new president of ITTF, said that some delegates abstained or voted against the reform because they didn't understand the impact of the reform, and he would explain and convince them.
On February 23rd, 2000, ITTF Special Congress and Congress adopted the reform plan of 40mm big ball in Kuala Lumpur, and decided to start with 65438+ 10/in June, 2000, that is, after the Sydney Olympic Games, the big ball with a diameter of 40mm and a weight of 2. The table tennis match will use 7g instead of 38mm balls.
In addition, the table tennis reform also includes "replacing' 21'with'1'"and "open serve". From September 1 2008, the "glue ban order" was officially implemented and inorganic glue was used instead. Solvent glue with volatiles is usually called organic glue or dry glue. Its main components are viscous colloid and organic solvent. The latter refers to a chemical solvent with low toxicity and poor volatility, which can dissolve adhesive colloid and contain toxic components such as toluene and xylene. ITTF has certain restrictions on toxic components in glue. Organic glue can increase the elasticity of sponge and improve the hitting speed. Every athlete needs to brush his racket with glue several times before the competition, which is also regarded as an indispensable weapon in table tennis. Inorganic glue is colorless and tasteless, and its dilution is similar to that of water, which will not increase the elasticity of sponge. It only needs to be brushed once, and the bottom plate of this glue is easy to clean without leaving any residue.
[Edit this paragraph] Table tennis is in China.
Table tennis is called the "national game" of China.
Rong Guotuan, China's first world champion.
Deng Yaping, president of the International Olympic Committee, personally presented her with the gold medal.
Liu is currently the head coach of the men's team.
Shi Zhihao is currently the coach of the women's team.
China has won the championship in all previous World Table Tennis Championships.
[Edit this paragraph] The birthplace of China's table tennis myth
1992, Zhang led the China women's table tennis team to prepare for the 25th Olympic Games and entered Zhengding training base for the first time. During the period of 16, dozens of world champions came out from the predecessor of Zhengding National Table Tennis Training Base. It's hard to imagine that this table tennis base, which was called "the best in the world" by Cai Zhenhua, was just a table tennis team in a primary school.
Different from Zhangzhou Base of Women's Volleyball Team and Xianghe Base of Football, the development of Zhengding Base does not depend on administrative instructions and state investment, but traces the development history of Zhengding Training Base. Its starting point is quite dramatic, and it can eventually become the base camp of "national ball", all by the persistence of a physical education teacher.
Zhengding is located in the Central Hebei Plain, with convenient transportation, which is one of the reasons why China Table Tennis Team set its training base here.
Zhengding is located in the central plain of Hebei Province, which was called Changshan and Zhending in ancient times. Historically, it has been called "Three Xiongzhen in the North" with Beijing and Baoding. It is the north gate of Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei Province, with superior geographical location and convenient transportation. Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, 107 National Highway and Beijing-Shenzhen Expressway run through the north and south, while Shide Railway, Shitai Railway, 307 National Highway and Shihuang Expressway pass through the territory.