The aerospace industry of the People's Republic of China started in the late 1950s. On April 24, 1970, China's first self-made artificial satellite, Dongfanghong-1, was successfully launched. By the beginning of 2005, China had successfully launched more than 40 artificial satellites; at the end of 2003, China's "Shenzhou 5" spacecraft launched China's first astronaut Yang Liwei into space, marking China's third successful mission. The country that sends people into space.
A brief history of China’s aerospace development
On October 8, 1956, China secretly established the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense (referred to as the Fifth Institute), code-named Unit 0038. Qian Xuesen serves as the director of the institute, whose responsibility is to overcome the technical difficulties of long-range missiles.
On November 5, 1960, China's first self-made missile "1059" was successfully launched.
On April 24, 1970, the first artificial earth satellite, Dongfanghong-1, was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Site, making China the fifth country in the world to launch satellites.
On September 10, 1973, China failed to launch the Changkong-1 satellite using the Storm 1 carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Site. This is China's first satellite launch failure.
On November 26, 1975, China's first returnable earth satellite was successfully launched and returned successfully three days later, making China the third country in the world to master satellite return technology.
On October 12, 1982, the underwater launch of the carrier rocket from a submarine was successful, and the recovery capsule accurately splashed down in the predetermined sea area.
On April 7, 1990, China used the "Long March 3" carrier rocket to launch the U.S.-made Asia-1 communications satellite into the predetermined orbit at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, achieving for the first time a satellite for foreign users. The success of the satellite launch.
In 1992, China's Shenzhou spacecraft manned space project was included in the national plan for development.
On February 15, 1996, China failed to launch the "International Star 7A" using the Long March 3B rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. China's first foreign satellite launch failed.
On November 20, 1999, China's first unmanned test spacecraft, the "Shenzhou-1" test spacecraft, was successfully launched from Jiuquan and landed successfully at the recycling site in central Inner Mongolia 21 hours later.
On October 31, December 21, 2000, and May 25, 2003, China successfully launched three navigation test satellites - Beidou Navigation Test Satellite 1a, 1b and 1c. The Beidou navigation system, the navigation and positioning satellite system to which this system belongs, was put into operation at the end of 2001.
At 1:00 a.m. on January 10, 2001, the "Shenzhou-2" manned experimental spacecraft successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
On March 25, 2002, the "Shenzhou-3" manned experimental spacecraft was successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. After orbiting the earth 108 times, it successfully landed at the Amu Gurang main landing site in Siziwang Banner, central Inner Mongolia.
At 9 a.m. on October 15, 2003, the "Shenzhou 5" spacecraft carrying China's first astronaut Yang Liwei was launched from the Jiuquan Space Launch Center using the Long March 2F carrier rocket. After orbiting the Earth 14 times in space, the return capsule successfully landed at the main landing site in Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia at 6:23 on October 16, 2003.
At 9 a.m. on October 12, 2005, the "Shenzhou-6" spacecraft launched into space carrying two Chinese astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng. China embarked on the path of reform and opening up in 1978. Reform and opening up has stimulated the vitality of all walks of life and enabled China's productivity to continue to develop. New cities are rising one after another. One after another major scientific and technological achievements have been produced and developed. Large-scale projects have been completed one after another. One by one, very large enterprises are growing rapidly. China has grown taller and stronger. It is no longer the poverty and weakness of the 1940s and 1950s, nor the poverty and backwardness of the 1960s and 1970s! The successful launch of the Shenzhou VI spacecraft is another major achievement of my country's social development since the reform and opening up!