The energy source of chemoautotrophic microorganisms is carbon dioxide as the carbon source, which is released during the oxidation of inorganic compounds
1. Introduction
Chemochemical energy Autotrophic bacteria are also called chemolithotrophic bacteria or inorganic trophic bacteria. A type of microorganism that can grow and reproduce normally without relying on any organic nutrients. For example, nitrite bacteria, nitrate bacteria, sulfur bacteria, hydrogen bacteria and iron bacteria, etc. They do not obtain energy from sunlight, but obtain chemical energy by oxidizing simple inorganic compounds and assimilating carbon dioxide for cellular synthesis.
There are a considerable number of chemoautotrophic bacteria in the soil, which play a certain role in material transformation. The energy required includes reduced sulfur and nitrogen compounds, ferrous iron ions, hydrogen and one-carbon compounds such as methane and methanol.
Growing on carbon dioxide as the only carbon source, its normal life and population development are more dependent on the adequate supply of oxygen in its environment. This type of bacteria plays a key role in maintaining the cycle of nitrogen, sulfur and other elements on the earth. Among them, sulfate reducing bacteria play an important role in the anaerobic corrosion of iron products and concrete.
2. Characteristics
Any microorganism that uses organic matter as a carbon source, energy source and hydrogen donor is called a chemoorganotrophic microorganism, also known as a chemoheterotrophic microorganism. This type includes the largest variety of microorganisms and has the strongest effect. Most of the known bacteria, actinomycetes, all fungi and protozoa belong to this type. The specific nutritional requirements of chemoheterotrophic bacteria vary from species to species. Different taxa show great differences in their demands for carbon sources, nitrogen sources, mineral elements and auxins.
3. Origin
A bacterium with a respiratory chain can use hydrogen to activate hydrogen atoms to form NADH2, which enters the respiratory chain to produce ATP. This is a great progress in life! Because earlier organisms used organic substances to produce NADH2, and now they use inorganic substances to produce NADH2. This bacterium initially uses hydrogen to obtain ATP. Life Movement ←ATP←Respiratory Chain←NADH2←Hydrogen
This bacterium uses hydrogen to form NADH2, which enters the respiratory chain to produce ATP, which is much more than the ATP produced by anaerobic respiration. Has great advantages. Because it can produce a lot of ATP, it provides a prerequisite for organisms to produce organic matter from inorganic matter. So this kind of bacteria evolved into hydrogen bacteria, a type of bacteria that can use inorganic substances to make organic substances, chemoautotrophic bacteria.