According to the provisions of the Patent Law, inventions and utility models that are granted patent rights must be novel, creative and practical, that is, the so-called "three characteristics" of patents. This is a norm generally adopted by patent laws in various countries, and it is also a norm confirmed by the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization (from the Shenzhen-China Joint Intellectual Property Rights).