What are the differences between administrative agencies, administrative departments, and public institutions?
Administrative Organs (Administrative Organs), usually referred to as "administrative organs", are the basic components of national institutions and are Administrative organizations established in accordance with the law to exercise state administrative powers, including the *** and relevant functional departments (bureaucracy).
National administrative agencies are the executive agencies of state power agencies. They have the power to formulate administrative regulations, issue decisions and orders, etc., and guide the administrative activities of their respective departments, lower-level national administrative agencies, enterprises, institutions, and social groups. State administrative agencies implement the principle of combining the head responsibility system with collective leadership. According to the jurisdiction and area of ??activity of national administrative agencies, national administrative agencies are divided into central administrative agencies and local administrative agencies.
National administrative agencies: the State Council and its ministries and commissions, directly affiliated agencies and offices; embassies, agencies, consulates and other offices stationed abroad; local people’s governments at all levels and their affiliated offices Various working departments of the local people's government at all levels, such as the commissioner's office, district office, sub-district office, and field office; other national administrative agencies, such as customs, commodity inspection bureau, labor reform bureau (department), Public security fire brigade, detention center, prison, grassroots tax office, financial station staff, market management office, etc.
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The administrative agencies mentioned above can be called ** for the time being. *, then *** department can generally refer to administrative units in a narrow sense.
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It is necessary to clarify the two concepts of administrative agencies and administrative units.
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Public institutions generally refer to institutions that promote social welfare and satisfy social culture. Social organizations with the direct purpose of providing various social services to meet the needs of education, science, health and other aspects. Public institutions do not have the direct purpose of making profits (or accumulating capital), and their work results and values ??are not directly or mainly expressed in measurable material or monetary forms. First of all, public institutions include some units where civil servants work. They are not for profit and are branches of some state agencies.
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There is no clear boundary between public institutions and administrative units, such as construction The Land and Resources Bureau is an administrative unit, but its subordinate quality inspection stations are public institutions; the Land and Resources Bureau is an administrative unit, but its subordinate mine management offices are public institutions. For example, the Land and Resources Bureau is an administrative unit, but most of its personnel are public institutions and only have a few directors and directors. The senior ones are in the administrative establishment and are civil servants, and the others are not.
Generally, units at the central and provincial levels are purely administrative units without public institutions
There are also real administrative units such as public security, taxation, industry, commerce and finance
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Specifically speaking, the various bureaus established by the state should be administrative units.
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Various centers are generally subordinate to various administrative units of the country. Second-level units, such as the lottery management center and the medical insurance center are affiliated with the civil affairs department, and the real estate center is affiliated with the housing authority. The property management center you mentioned should be regarded as an enterprise unit.
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It should be noted that neighborhood committees and street offices are not the same concept. The urban neighborhood committee is equivalent to the rural people's brigade, that is, the village committee. It is a department voluntarily organized by residents or villagers and does not belong to a public institution. The sub-district office is a dispatched agency under the *** department and is an administrative unit.
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Women’s Federation, Disabled Persons’ Federation and other non-*** organizations are the masses An organization has a broad mass and social nature, and its nature is similar to that of a public institution, so it enjoys the treatment of a public institution.
Which units do administrative units and public institutions refer to respectively?
Administrative units are state organs, while public institutions are not state organs. Administrative units often have administrative power, and most public institutions do not have administrative power. Public institutions have administrative executive power
Public institutions are relative to enterprise units. First of all, public institutions include some units with civil servants. They are not for profit and are branches of some state agencies. For example The industrial and commercial bureau, tax bureau, bank, post office, etc. are all public institutions. Enterprise units are profit-oriented companies and other profit-oriented institutions!
Enterprise units are generally productive units that are responsible for their own profits and losses. The so-called "responsible for one's own profits and losses" means: one has to bear the consequences of losses and profits, with a certain degree of self-reliance. Enterprise units are divided into state-owned enterprises and private enterprises. State-owned enterprises are business units owned by the state. A private enterprise is a business unit owned by an individual.
Public institutions are generally institutions set up by the state with a certain public welfare nature, but they are not government agencies and are different from civil servants. Under normal circumstances, the state will provide financial subsidies to these institutions. They are divided into fully funded public institutions, such as schools, etc., differentially funded public institutions, such as hospitals, etc., and there are also independent public institutions, which are public institutions not funded by the state.
The divided management of public institutions and enterprise units is a unique model in my country.
An enterprise unit is a legal person or unincorporated unit with independent accounting for the purpose of profit. It is characterized by self-financing and self-expense, through cost accounting, profit and loss ratio, and through its own profits to support its own personnel, provide social services, and create wealth value. The registration of business units is carried out at the industrial and commercial administration department. Enterprise units sign labor contracts with employees. After a labor dispute occurs, the enterprise unit conducts labor arbitration.
Public institutions are some public welfare units and non-public welfare functional departments with *** functions and public welfare services as their main purposes. It participates in the management of social affairs, performs management and service functions, and aims to serve the society. It is mainly engaged in education, science and technology, culture, health and other activities. Most of their superior departments are administrative departments of the Communist Party of China or functional departments of the Communist Party of China. Their actions are based on relevant laws, their decisions are often mandatory, and their personnel salaries are mostly derived from financial appropriations. Registration of public institutions is carried out at the establishment department. Public institutions sign employment contracts with employees. After a labor dispute occurs, public institutions conduct personnel arbitration
If you want to choose the mode of employment in a public institution, it is best to inquire clearly in advance. Nowadays, many public institutions, especially those that are self-governing, are in the process of enterprise transfer. , for example, it turns out that units like design institutes were transformed from public institutions into enterprises. Of course, some public institutions may be converted into reference civil servants, which means you can enjoy the same treatment as civil servants.
2. Classification of public institutions
Educational institutions
Higher education institutions
Secondary education institutions
< p> Basic education institutionsAdult education institutions
Special education institutions
Other educational institutions
Science and technology institutions< /p>
Natural science research institutions
Social science research institutions
Comprehensive scientific research institutions
Other science and technology institutions
Cultural institutions
Performance institutions
Artistic institutions
Library and literature institutions
Cultural relics
p>Mass cultural institutions
Radio and television institutions
Newspapers and magazines institutions
Editorial institutions
News and publishing Public institutions
Other cultural institutions
Health institutions
Medical institutions
Health, epidemic prevention and quarantine institutions
< p> Blood institutionsFamily planning institutions
Health inspection institutions
Other health institutions
Social welfare institutions< /p>
Nursing and welfare institutions
Rehabilitation institutions
Funeral institutions
Other social welfare institutions
Sports institutions
Sports competition institutions
Sports facilities institutions
Other sports institutions
Transportation institutions
Highway maintenance supervision institutions
Highway transportation management institutions
Traffic fee collection institutions
Navigation institutions
Other transportation institutions
Urban public utilities
Landscaping institutions
Urban sanitation institutions
Municipal maintenance and management institutions< /p>
Real estate service institutions
Municipal facilities maintenance and management institutions
Other urban public utilities
Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and water institutions
p>Technology Promotion Institutions
Improved Breed Cultivation Institutions
Comprehensive Service Institutions
Animal and Plant Infectious Disease and Quarantine Institutions
Hydrological Institutions
Other Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, Fishing and Water Institutions
Information Consulting Institutions
Information Center
Consulting Service Center (Station )
Computer Application Center
Price Information Office
Rural Social and Economic Survey Team
Enterprise Economic Survey Team
< p> Urban socio-economic survey teamIntermediary service institutions
Technical consulting institutions
Job introduction (talent exchange) matters...< /p>
What is a public institution? What is an administrative unit? What's the difference?
To put it lightly, the backend of public institutions is the state. For example, hospitals and schools are public institutions, as well as state-owned enterprises, but their employees are not civil servants, but inter-industry employees. Administrative units are the administrative agencies of the *** department, such as the Public Security Bureau, Transportation Bureau, Industrial and Commercial Administration Bureau, and Taxation Bureau. They are all administrative units. Their staff are national civil servants. The establishment of public institutions and the establishment of civil servants are relatively stable. Generally speaking, the salary of civil servants is better than that of public institutions, but there are many exceptions, such as large enterprises (state-owned enterprises), their salary is definitely much higher than that of civil servants!
What departments are included in public institutions?
Television stations, urban construction bureaus, land bureaus, health bureaus, education bureaus, personnel bureaus, public hospitals, etc. In addition to enterprises and institutions, there are also public institutions. But bureau-level cadres in public institutions are all civil servants.
What kind of units are included in public institutions?
The funding types of public institutions are very complicated. What I know is divided into several categories. Public institutions with full financial allocation, such as municipal It is a middle school, a public institution with differential (fixed) allocation, such as the Youth Palace, a public institution that is self-financed, such as a hospital. The third type seems to include a public institution with corporate management. . .
Specifically, most business units are affiliated with a certain *** department.
*** What are the public institutions?
There are too many of them
For example, the municipal party committee and government offices all have subordinate public institutions
p>
There are also financial bureaus, economic bureaus, agricultural bureaus, and forestry bureaus that all have subordinate institutions
The categories are diverse and have different names in different places. . .
Another big job is teachers, doctors, cultural and sports bureaus and the like. . Many books
Which state agencies and units are called "bureaus" are administrative units and which are public institutions
Generally speaking, units named "bureaus" are generally divided into administrative agencies, There are three categories: public institutions and enterprises. Those who bear administrative law enforcement responsibilities are administrative units; those who undertake social public service services, or are entrusted by administrative agencies to provide social public service services, are public institutions; the country's important economic lifeline enterprises (mostly state-owned Monopoly industry) is a business.
At the central level, among the public institutions under the State Council (i.e., the "Central People's Government"), the China Earthquake Administration and the China Meteorological Administration are public institutions, and the State Archives Administration is the administrative agency (and *** The Central Archives is the same organization with two brands), and other agencies named "bureaus" are directly affiliated agencies, such as the Taxation Bureau, the Radio, Film and Television Bureau, the Forestry Bureau, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, the General Administration of Work Safety, the General Administration of Sports, etc., and are administrative agencies .
At the central department level, for example, there are "bureaus" under the agencies called "departments", which are generally second-level bureaus, equivalent to "divisions", and are at the director-level level, not independent. External; the name of individual bureaus is "National XXXX Bureau", but its level is lower than the directly affiliated agencies and 3 public institutions mentioned above. It is a deputy ministerial-level bureau entrusted by the State Council to manage national ministries and commissions. It can be independent from the outside world and is also an administrative agency. Generally It belongs to the same party group as the part that manages it.
In local areas, the situation is different. In municipalities, prefecture-level cities, county-level cities, and counties, *** departments are generally called "bureaus" (except for several "offices" and "committees"). (outside), it is an administrative unit;
The second type, some such as the "Petroleum Administration Bureau" can be an administrative unit, a public institution, or an enterprise; some such as the "Communications Administration Bureau" , is an administrative unit; some, such as "XX Forestry Bureau" (not "XX Provincial Forestry Bureau") are public institutions; some, such as "Mining Administration Bureau", are public institutions, while "Coal Management Bureau" is an administrative unit.
What are the public institutions across the country?
At present, the State Council has 14 directly affiliated institutions such as the Academy of Social Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 29 related ministries and commissions such as the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology, 18 directly affiliated institutions such as the State Administration of Taxation and the Industry and Commerce Bureau, and ministries and commissions. 10 International Bureaus are managed. Under these institutions, there are basically a varying number of related public institutions.
Existing public institutions include:
Educational institutions Higher education institutions Secondary education institutions Basic education institutions Adult education institutions Special education institutions Other educational institutions
Science and technology institutions Natural science research institutions Social science research institutions Comprehensive scientific research institutions Other scientific and technological institutions
Cultural institutions Performance institutions Art creation institutions Library and literature institutions Cultural relics institutions Mass cultural institutions Radio and television institutions Units Newspapers and magazines, public institutions, editors, public institutions, press and publishing institutions, other cultural institutions
Health institutions, medical institutions, health epidemic prevention and quarantine institutions, blood institutions, family planning institutions, health inspection institutions, other health institutions< /p>
Social welfare institutions, nursing and welfare institutions, rehabilitation institutions, funeral institutions, other social welfare institutions, sports institutions, sports competition institutions, sports facilities institutions, other sports institutions
Transportation Units Highway maintenance supervision Institutions Highway transportation management institutions Traffic fee collection institutions Navigation institutions Other transportation institutions
Urban public utilities institutions Landscaping institutions Urban sanitation institutions Municipal maintenance and management institutions Real estate services Public institutions, municipal facilities maintenance and management, public institutions, other urban public utilities institutions
Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and water public institutions, technology promotion institutions, improved seed cultivation institutions, comprehensive service institutions, animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine institutions, hydrology institutions, other agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry institutions Fishery and water institutions
Information consulting institutions Information Center Consulting Service Center (station) Computer Application Center Price Information Office Rural Socioeconomic Survey Team Enterprise Economic Survey Team Urban Socioeconomic Survey Team
Intermediary service public institutions Technical consulting public institutions Career introduction (talent exchange) Public institutions Legal services Public institutions Economic supervision services Public institutions Other Dingjie service public institutions
Survey and design public institutions Survey public institutions Design public institutions Exploration Public institutions and other survey and design institutions
Earthquake measurement and prevention institutions Earthquake measurement and prevention management institutions Earthquake forecasting institutions Other earthquake measurement and prevention institutions
Marine institutions Ocean management institutions Ocean Environmental Protection Institutions Other Marine Institutions
Environmental Protection Institutions Environmental Standards Institutions Environmental Monitoring Institutions Other Environmental Protection Institutions Inspection and Testing Institutions Standard Measurement Institutions Technical Supervision Institutions Quality Inspection Institutions Entry-Exit Inspection Quarantine institutions and other inspection and testing institutions
Intellectual property institutions Patent institutions Trademark institutions Copyright institutions Other intellectual property institutions
Government logistics service institutions
< p> Other categories, such as environmental protection institutions, project headquarters, etc.What is a public institution? Which units are specifically included?
Category:
Education: colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools
Health: various public hospitals and health centers< /p>
*** Public institutions affiliated to various departments: such as the Development Research Center under the National Development and Reform Commission
Specifically include:
Scientific research units, educational units, cultural units, news, and broadcasting , publishing units, health units, sports units, survey and design units, agriculture, forestry, water conservancy and meteorological units, social welfare units, environmental protection units, public transportation, urban public utilities and other units.
Refers to social service organizations that are organized by state agencies or other organizations using state-owned assets for the purpose of social welfare and engage in education, science and technology, culture, health and other activities. Public institutions are not affiliated with *** organizations, but sometimes perform certain duties on behalf of ***. It is divided into full appropriation, balance appropriation and independent public institutions.
What is the sponsoring unit of a public institution?
Decided to establish the higher-level administrative department of the public institution.