2. 1 Advantages of composting The advantages of composting mainly include improving soil, producing marketable products, improving manure treatment, improving land use, reducing pollution and health risks, killing pathogenic bacteria, replacing padding with compost, inhibiting diseases and obtaining treatment or dumping expenses.
1. Soil improvement
2. Goods for sale
One of the most attractive features of compost is that its products have a market. Potential consumers include yard growers, gardens, vegetable farmers, lawn growers and golf course operators. Because it is regarded as waste, the price of compost changes greatly, and its price is mainly determined by local market demand, compost quality and raw material price.
3. Improve the treatment of feces
Composting can reduce the quality, water content and activity of feces, which is easy to handle, well stored, and has no odor and flies.
4. Improve land use
Compost and manure have fertilizer value and are good soil improvers. But there is a little more manure after composting: composting can convert nitrogen in manure into more stable organic nitrogen; The heat generated during composting can reduce the number of weed seeds in feces.
5. Reduce pollution risks and odor complaints
In the process of agricultural production, especially the continuous scale of aquaculture, the feces and odor of aquaculture began to become a burden rather than wealth. Especially for some enterprises. Composting can alleviate the effects of these problems. Because compost products are usually in demand, its way out is not a problem. Compost can be stored and treated so that it can be transported farther than feces and other raw materials. Well-run composting facilities will basically not produce odor and flies, and compost can also transform nitrogen into a form that is not easy to penetrate into groundwater or be washed away by runoff.
Step 6 kill pathogenic bacteria
When animals have diarrhea due to protozoa, their feces contain a large number of protozoan cysts. These protozoa can be killed by exposure at 60℃ for 30 minutes. When composting, the temperature can reach 60℃, but the part near the compost surface may not reach this temperature, and turning the pile can make all the raw materials reach the required temperature.
7. Cushion substitutes
Compost is used as bedding for poultry and livestock. Research and experiments show that composting is basically a safe and effective bedding.
8. Suppress disease
It has been found that good compost can reduce soil-borne diseases of plants without chemical control. This disease-inhibiting property of compost has been widely recognized and recognized.
2.2 Disadvantages of Composting Disadvantages of composting include time-consuming, odor pollution, vulnerability to weather, market sales, scattered raw materials, etc.
1. Time-consuming and costly
Like other projects, composting needs equipment, manpower and management. If there are ready-made mechanical equipment, the initial investment of composting will be very low. This method is suitable for farms with relatively few raw materials, but most medium-sized and large composting plants find that using only existing equipment will consume too much manpower, so they need to buy special composting equipment. Composting equipment with low price needs about 654.38+10,000 yuan, and better needs 1 10,000 yuan or more.
Step 2 occupy land
Composting sites, raw materials storage and composting products storage all need to occupy a considerable amount of land, sometimes even building land.
3. Odor pollution
It is untrue to say that compost has no odor. Although the final product of composting process is tasteless, some raw materials used for composting do produce odor. These active raw materials, such as feces, sludge, food waste, etc., will produce odor before being stacked, especially after being left for a period of time. If it is not handled properly, it may also produce odor during composting.
4. Vulnerable to the weather
Cold weather will reduce the temperature of composting materials and slow down the composting process. It may also lead to other problems, such as the freezing of raw materials and equipment. The potential impact of rain and snow is more serious. Heavy rainfall will increase the moisture in the compost mixture, thus prolonging the composting time.
5. Possibility of nitrogen loss
Compost usually contains less than half the nitrogen of fresh fertilizer. A good manure control system should retain most of the nitrogen, and composting is actually a potential way of nitrogen loss. However, in addition to soil mixing and proper storage, nitrogen in feces will be released into the atmosphere soon, which may eventually be less than the residual nitrogen in compost.