Madame Curie's maiden name is Manya. Scaro Doska (in Polish, Manya Sklodowska) was born in Warsaw, Poland, on June 7, 2008 at 1867 165438, when Poland was under Russian rule. Manya's parents were both teachers, and soon after her birth (she was their fifth child), they lost their teaching posts. To make ends meet, they packed some students' meals. To this end, young Manya had to help cook and work long hours every day. However, she still won the excellent medal for middle school students. After graduating from middle school, she became a tutor. 189 1 year, she went to Paris and entered the University of Paris to study physics and mathematics. When she graduated, she ranked first in her class. From 65438 to 0894, she met pierre curie, a French physicist, and they got married the next year.
Since 1896, the curies have studied radioactivity together. Prior to this, German physicist wilhelm rontgen 1845- 1923 discovered X-rays (so he won the Nobel Prize in Physics with 190 1), and becquerel discovered that uranium salts emit similar rays. Madame Curie found that thorium (Th) is also radioactive, and the radioactivity of pitchblende is stronger than any content of uranium and thorium, which cannot be explained. The curies searched hard and finally announced the discovery of radioactive element radium in 1898. They finally produced 1g pure radium chloride from 8 tons of waste pitchblende, and put forward the view that-ray (now known to be composed of electrons) is a negatively charged particle.
1906 pierre. Unfortunately, Madame Curie was killed by a carriage, but Madame Curie did not fall down because of it. She continued her research, and at 19 10, she discovered actinide Ac(Andre Debierne, 1874- 1949, 1899) from pitchblende.
19 14 When World War I broke out, Madame Curie equipped an ambulance with X-ray equipment and drove to the front. The International Red Cross appointed her as the head of the radiation rescue department. With the help of her daughters Irene Curie and Martha Klein, Madame Curie opened a course at the Radium Institute for nurses and doctors in military hospitals, teaching them how to use the new technology of X-rays. In the late 1920s, Madame Curie's health began to deteriorate. Long-term radiation exposure made her suffer from leukemia, and finally1died on July 4, 934. A few months before this, her daughter Elon and her son-in-law Joliot-Curie announced the discovery of artificial radioactivity (for which they won the 1935 Nobel Prize in chemistry).
Madame Curie was poor for most of her life, and the arduous process of extracting radium was completed under harsh conditions. The Curies refused to patent any of their discoveries, so that everyone could use their discoveries freely. They used the Nobel Prize and its prize money for future research. One of the outstanding applications of their research work is the application of radiation to treat cancer.
Madame Curie's message
Marie Curie (1867- 1934), a French and Polish scientist, studied radioactive phenomena and found two radioactive elements, radium and polonium, and won the Nobel Prize twice in her life. Marie Curie (1867- 1934), a French and Polish scientist, studied radioactive phenomena and found two radioactive elements, radium and polonium, and won the Nobel Prize twice in her life. As an outstanding scientist, Madame Curie has social influence that ordinary scientists do not have. Especially because she is a pioneer of successful women, her model has inspired many people. Many people heard her story when they were young, but they got a simplified and incomplete impression. The world's understanding of Madame Curie. It was greatly influenced by the biography Madame Curie published by her second daughter 1937. This book beautifies Madame Curie's life and deals with all the twists and turns she encountered in her life. American biographer susan quinn spent seven years collecting unpublished diaries and biographical materials, including Madame Curie's family members and friends. Last year, a new book, Maria Curie: A Life, was published, which described her hard, bitter and struggling life in more detail.
life experience
If you just look at your resume, it's easy to think that Maria Curie is just a successful scientist with smooth sailing. She was born in Warsaw, Poland on June 1867+0 1. There is a brother, three sisters, and both parents are teachers. She/kloc-graduated from high school with the first place at the age of 0/5. Then I worked as a tutor for several years. 189 1, I went to the Sorbonne, the merged university in Paris, and graduated from 1894 with two certificates in mathematics and physics. 1895, she married pierre curie, who taught at the Paris Institute of Industrial Physical Chemistry. 1897, her eldest daughter Ilyina was born in the autumn. Previously on ... She did magnetic research with gabriel lippmann of Paris University and published her first paper. At this time, in order to prepare her doctoral thesis, she started a new project in Pierre's laboratory, and Pierre soon joined his wife's work. Their experiment notes started from1897 65438+February 6th, and recorded the first observation of polonium on February 7th1898. After several months of follow-up analysis, they put forward two important findings in the report formally submitted to the French Academy of Sciences on July 18: one is the element polonium, and the other is the concept of R radioactivity. The discovery of purification of polonium and separation of another new element radium greatly stimulated chemical research; Radioactivity research is a breakthrough in the study of substance essence. 1903 In June, Madame Curie passed the thesis defense and was awarded the doctor's degree in physics. 165438+1At the beginning of October, the Curies were awarded the humphry davy Medal); Royal society;