Residual oil is the residue left after petroleum is distilled and processed. Its ratio accounts for about 50% of that before petroleum processing. Due to the poor quality of the residual oil, the high content of impurities and non-ideal components, and the difficulty in processing, the residue is Oil was once burned as fuel for furnaces, which not only wasted limited resources but also caused pollution to the environment.
To put it simply, residual oil processing is to chemically react between residual oil and hydrogen under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and the presence of catalysts to highlight harmful impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen and heavy metals in the residual oil. The residual oil is partially converted into gas oil and diesel, and the remaining part can be processed through catalysis and liquefaction, and all is converted into gas oil and diesel.
Specifically, the residual oil hydrotreating technology is to catalytically react the residual oil and hydrogen under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and the presence of a catalyst. Harmful impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen and metals in the residual oil molecules are removed. , react with hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide respectively to generate hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and metal sulfides. At the same time, some of the larger molecules in the residual oil are cracked and hydrogenated, turning into ideal components with smaller molecules, and the reaction generates metal sulfides. The hydrogen sulfide and ammonia can be recycled without being discharged into the atmosphere, so they do not cause pollution to the environment.
The quality of the residual oil after hydrotreating has been significantly improved. It can be directly converted into gas oil and diesel oil that are urgently needed by the market using catalytic and cracking processes, thereby achieving the goal of drying and frying and improving the quality of the residual oil. Resource utilization and economic benefits.
Resid oil hydrotreating technology was first researched and developed by several large foreign oil companies in the 1970s, and became a monopoly technology of a very few oil companies. In order to solve the problem of my country's residual oil hydrotreating technology, China Petrochemical Co., Ltd., affiliated to Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute, has been exploring this technology since the mid-1980s. After more than ten years of hard work, it has finally developed my country's own new residual oil hydrotreating technology.
The important indicators such as sulfur, nitrogen, metals and residual nitrogen contained in the residual oil treated by the residual oil hydrotreating technology device have been greatly reduced, and can all be used for downstream processes such as catalysis and cracking. The qualified feed of the process can convert all the residual oil with low utilization value and easy to cause environmental pollution into hydrogen oil products with high added value and high quality, maximizing the conversion rate of hydrogen oil from a certain In this sense, this technology enables 100% conversion of crude oil and realizes the desire to eat up all the crude oil during the petroleum refining process.
It turns out that this technology includes four categories and 11 brands of catalyst products and their manufacturing technology and corresponding processes. Using this technology, my country's first set was built in Maolin with an annual processing capacity of 200 A 10,000-ton industrial unit, this is my country’s largest-invested, largest-scale, most technologically complex, and strategically important oil refining production unit at the end of this century. It is also my country’s first independently developed and independently designed modern oil refining equipment with the highest equipment localization rate. . At the end of December 1999, this unit was successfully put into operation for the first time. Not only did it produce qualified products, but its process indicators were significantly higher than the design level.
Resid hydrotreating technology is a 95 key scientific and technological project of China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation. It is a complete set of technology with my country’s independent intellectual property rights. Its completion and commissioning marks the launch of my country’s tens of millions of tons of The formation of a sour crude oil processing base, residual oil hydrotreating technology, catalyst and process technology and equipment levels have reached the current international advanced level. A set of such devices with an annual processing capacity of 2 million tons can not only create more than 300 million yuan economic benefits, but also has good environmental benefits.