The earliest application of RFID technology can be traced back to the identification of aircraft enemy targets in World War II, but it has not been widely used due to technical and cost reasons. In recent years, with the development of large-scale integrated circuits, network communication, information security and other technologies, RFID technology has entered the commercial stage. Because RFID technology has the characteristics of high-speed moving object recognition, multi-target recognition and non-contact recognition, it shows great development potential and application space, and is considered as one of the most promising information technologies in 2 1 century.
RFID technology involves many high-tech fields such as information, manufacturing and materials, covering wireless communication, chip design and manufacturing, antenna design and manufacturing, tag packaging, system integration, information security and other technologies. Some national and international multinational companies are accelerating the development and application of RFID technology. In the past ten years, * * * has produced thousands of RFID technology patents, mainly distributed in the United States, Europe, Japan and other countries and regions.
According to the different energy supply methods, RFID tags are divided into three types: active, passive and semi-active; According to the different working frequencies, RFID tags are divided into low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), ultra-high frequency (UHF) and microwave band (MW) tags. At present, the international application of RFID is mainly low-frequency and high-frequency tag products. UHF tags have been produced on a large scale, and it is expected to become the mainstream in the next five years due to its advantages of long-distance identification and low cost. MW label has been applied in some countries. China has mastered the design technology of short-wave chips and successfully industrialized them. At the same time, UHF chips have also been developed.
At present, RFID tag antennas are mainly made of etched/stamped antennas, and their materials are generally aluminum or copper. With the development of new conductive ink, the advantages of printed antenna are more and more prominent. RFID tag packaging is mainly based on low-temperature flip-chip bonding technology, and new tag packaging technologies such as fluid self-assembly and vibration assembly have emerged one after another. China's low-cost and high-reliability label manufacturing equipment and packaging technology are developing.
There are many kinds of RFID reader products, and some advanced products can achieve multi-protocol compatibility. A series of RFID reader products have been launched in China, and the low-power reader module has reached the same level abroad, while the high-power reader module and the reader system on chip (SoC) are still in the research and development stage.
In the aspect of application system integration and data management platform, some international organizations have put forward an application architecture based on RFID, and major software vendors have also provided RFID-supporting services and solutions in their products, and related testing and application promotion work are under way. China has made initial achievements in RFID application architecture, public service system, middleware, system integration, information fusion and testing, and the establishment of a national RFID testing center has been included in the scientific and technological development plan.
In China, RFID technology has been applied to train number identification, ID card and ticket management, animal identification, special equipment and dangerous goods management, public transportation and production process management.
For details, I suggest you take a look at the White Paper on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology Policy in China issued by 15 ministries and commissions including People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Ministry of Science and Technology on June 9, 2006. The current development trend can be seen from the China Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology and Application Development Report (Blue Book) released on June 9, 2009.