Whether it is the internal combustion engine that has been developed for more than a hundred years or the new energy technology that is in full swing and in the ascendant at present, it is directed at the core component of the automobile-power. "Mastering the core technology" is becoming the main demand of China brand, which completely gets rid of the "survival" stage. At the same time, foreign brands with "innate advantages" in the field of power technology also spare no effort to present the latest research and development results. Especially this year, despite the challenges of many unfavorable factors, the technology research and development momentum of Chinese and foreign car companies has not diminished, and they are still sparing no effort to dig deep into the new generation of power systems.
Cars need a strong heart. With the arrival of the "new four modernizations" of automobiles, it is imperative to electrify the powertrain. In the next 30-50 years, the internal combustion engine will not die out, but it needs continuous improvement, continuous integration of new technologies and embrace of new ideas. The engine of the future is a low-carbon engine. Without the concept of low carbon, the future of the engine will be more challenged.
The internal combustion engine should undergo subversive transformation to reach the target of thermal efficiency (BTE) of 45-50%, and the compression ratio of high-efficiency internal combustion engine will develop to 18: 1. At the same time, the transmission needs deep electromechanical coupling, so that the engine can work from surface working condition to domain working condition or line working condition. Energy-saving vehicles should be deeply electrified. While fully promoting electric vehicles and PHEV, in-depth research and development of energy-saving, cost-controllable, and power-available hybrid vehicles should be carried out. ...
Of course, the above can't be done overnight, which is destined to be a long and tortuous road.
Internal combustion engines still have potential to be tapped, and Chinese and foreign car companies are competing for each other; New energy technology is promising, and Chinese and foreign brands have appeared together, frequently showing their strongest muscles. It is even more interesting when this "technology flow" gathers in this hot land of China. In recent months, automobile companies have released many new power technologies. Not to mention, today we might as well take stock of the key power technologies that are about to "get on the bus".
Great Wall 2.0T engine +9-speed wet dual clutch gearbox
This brand-new powertrain of Great Wall has been "exposed" many times, and many people are familiar with it. The engine is 4N20 series products, and the gearbox is the world's first wet horizontal 9-speed dual-clutch gearbox. This powertrain is developed and produced by Honeycomb Arts. It is worth mentioning that this power system is not exclusive to high-end brands, and will be widely used in various models of the Great Wall, and its performance is expected.
The Great Wall 4N20 series engine has two power versions, high and low, with a displacement of 2.0L, and the emission meets the requirements of national VI B; The maximum power of the low-power version is 150kW, the peak torque is 320n·m, and the thermal efficiency reaches 38.3%. The maximum power of the high-power version is 180kW, the peak torque is 385n·m, and the thermal efficiency is over 38%. The low-power version mainly pursues fuel economy, but the performance data is already at the middle and upstream level of the same displacement; The high-power version emphasizes performance, but the thermal efficiency above 38% can also bring good fuel economy. It should be noted that the low-power version will be launched first.
Technically, Great Wall 4N20 series engines are equipped with overhead in-cylinder direct injection technology, 350Bar injection pressure and Miller cycle technology. At the same time, the engine also adopts all-aluminum cylinder block, silent timing chain, low friction timing system, coated piston and so on. 9-speed dual clutch gearbox has compact structure, higher system integration, more intelligence, strong reliability and advanced technology; It also supports P2 hybrid technology, that is, the motor is arranged between the engine and the gearbox to form 9HDCT plug-in hybrid; It can be matched with P4 to meet the needs of various hybrid electric vehicles.
BYD Xiaoyun 1.5L Engine+New DM-i Hybrid Platform
BYD has previously released a brand-new Xiaoyun 1.5L engine, which is a special engine for hybrid power, mainly pursuing high thermal efficiency, low cost and good NVH performance. Its biggest highlight is that it has achieved "43% of the highest thermal efficiency of mass-produced gasoline engines in the world", thus surpassing Toyota's record of the highest thermal efficiency (465,438+0%). The engine has many technical features in pursuit of fuel economy, including high compression ratio of 15.5: 1, Atkinson cycle, high EGE ratio of water cooling, antifriction technology and so on.
Behind this engine is BYD's brand-new DM-i hybrid platform. Compared with the previous DM-p hybrid platform that pursues power performance, the core goal of DM-i is to save fuel. At present, BYD has not announced the principle and parameters of the DM-i hybrid system, but it claims to support the pure electric battery life of 60-80km, the fuel consumption per 100 km is less than 4L (in the state of power loss), and the transmission structure is similar to "E-CVT". We guess it is similar to Toyota's hybrid system. Of course, the specific situation is subject to the official announcement.
BYD technicians said that the engine can run with a thermal efficiency of more than 40% under most working conditions, which has exceeded the highest heat consumption rate of many engines on the market at present. It is worth mentioning that the new engine will be mass-produced in the first half of 20021and will be the first to be mounted on BYD? Qin Jia and Song Jia.
Changan New 1.5T Hybrid System
Also around the goal and trend of improving efficiency and reducing emissions, Changan did not continue to dig deep into the fuel engine, but chose another idea to cooperate with the motor to form a brand-new hybrid powertrain. The engine is still the familiar Blue Whale 1.5T turbocharged engine, but it is different in some software and hardware adjustments according to the requirements of the new system. The engine is equipped with a 6-speed hybrid gearbox specially developed for it. With its assistance, it is easy to complete the national 6b emission. A motor is also added between the engine and the gearbox to form a P2 structure. And there is a clutch between the motor and the engine, which can be separated and combined through control, so that the motor can drive the wheels independently.
1.5T engine is equipped with intake and exhaust valves with VVT technology, which can work according to Miller cycle, that is, the expansion ratio is greater than the compression ratio. Although the performance parameters may be lower than the previous pure fuel version, it is of great help to improve fuel economy. At the same time, because it is a hybrid power system, the motor can also make up for the lack of power brought by Miller cycle.
Changan new hybrid system not only improves efficiency, but also solves the problem of oil deterioration (oil increase, oil emulsification, etc.). ) source. The engine adopts a new thermal management system and crankcase ventilation system. The latter is two oil-gas separators, one is located on the valve cover, and the other is located behind the water-cooled intercooler, close to the cylinder block, and only works when necessary. In addition, in order to reduce noise and vibration, Changan optimized the internal structure of this engine and controlled the working sound from the source.
By the way, this new hybrid system of Changan will be installed on Changan UNI-T first.
Mazda's longitudinal 6-cylinder hybrid and rotor range extender
Mazda, a "paranoid" technocrat, has never taken the usual path. For example, nowadays people are playing with big screens and smart interconnection, but Mazda has made the screen smaller and smaller; Everyone is reducing cylinders and displacement, but Mazda only wants to promote a six-cylinder engine ... this is not true. Some time ago, Mazda announced the planning of new powertrain in the future, including a longitudinal inline six-cylinder engine, a four-cylinder light hybrid system and a single-rotor range extender. Among them, the vertical 6-cylinder takes the high-end route, giving consideration to power and environmental protection.
According to known information, Mazda's vertical in-line 6-cylinder engine has two fuel versions: gasoline and diesel, and the engine may be equipped with a turbocharger. Not only that, the gasoline version of the in-line 6-cylinder engine will also have the SPCCI "compression ignition" version. In addition, Mazda is also committed to developing 48V light hybrid and plug-in hybrid technology, and has found a new place for its "exclusive" rotor technology-range extender.
Mazda's new hybrid system can use the extended range electric scheme. The extended range is designed with a single rotor, and the output end of the rotor is connected with the engine. The rotor itself should only be responsible for power generation and not participate in driving. Perhaps this kind of engine is not a real "rotor" engine, but it is also good news for rotor fans. After all, it is also using rotor technology. However, Mazda always likes "jumping tickets", so maybe we need to wait patiently for a while.
A new way to play Dongfeng Bluebird with pure electric range extension
As a high-end brand of Dongfeng Motor, Lan Tu takes the road of focusing on new energy vehicles. At present, two concept models, iLand and iFree, have been released. However, as a latecomer, in the face of the cruel competition in the new era, without a "clear thinking" technical route and outstanding strength, I am afraid it is difficult to gain a foothold. The latter is not known at present, but the former, Lan Tu has indeed played a card to meet different needs, and its first car will support both electric and extended-range hybrid power, which is obviously different from traditional car companies and even new car-making forces.
This is very similar to BMW i3. Lan Tu's core idea is "MVP" (multiple choice? Valuable? Power), namely "multi-scene new energy power solution", should not only give users the feeling of electric drive, but also solve the anxiety of cruising range. The difference is that Lan Tu provides an electric vehicle and an extended-range hybrid at the same time, which gives users more choices. Therefore, the basic structure of the car body must meet the needs of both pure trams and fuel vehicles, which Lan Tu calls "ESSA Native Intelligent Electric Building".
Judging from the information disclosed so far, Lan Tu's new car is hard-core, especially in the rigidity of the body. A large number of aluminum alloy parts are used in the chassis, and a process called TRB+ patch is also used in the B-pillar of the car body, that is, the variable cross-section steel is formed at one time; At the same time, the amount of high-strength steel above 1500MPa in the car body accounts for more than 3 1%, which shows that it attaches importance to safety. Moreover, the suspension structure is front double wishbone+rear multi-link+air suspension, and it is expected that the new car will have a good performance in handling and comfort.
Land Rover 1.5T Three-cylinder+Plug-in Hybrid System
Three-cylinder engine is not the patent of ordinary brands. Nowadays, luxury brands have joined the "three-cylinder engine" army, and BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Volvo have become accustomed to it. Now Land Rover will follow suit. In fact, as early as last year, Chery Jaguar Land Rover added a 1.5T three-cylinder engine to its Li Yingjie Ingenium series engine, and matched it with a 48V hybrid, which will be carried on Land Rover Aurora and Jaguar XEL/E-. Today, Jaguar Land Rover has further brought a plug-in hybrid system consisting of this 1.5T three-cylinder engine, which will be mounted on Chery Jaguar Land Rover Discovery Sport Edition (P300e).
Land Rover found that the P300e plug-in system of sports version adopts P0+P4 technical structure, that is, the front axle is driven by the engine and the rear axle is driven by the motor. The engine also integrates an electric integrated 48V motor inspired by BSG, and the battery pack and fuel tank are arranged under the soles of the feet and seats in the back row respectively. Although the engine displacement is not large, with the help of hybrid power, the comprehensive maximum output power of the system reaches 309 HP and the maximum torque is 540 Nm, which makes Land Rover find that the acceleration of the sports version is only 6.6 seconds. Moreover, even if the vehicle is only driven by motor in pure electric mode, the vehicle can still reach the top speed of135 km/h.
The battery pack of this plug-in hybrid system was replaced by Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd., with a capacity of 65,438+05 kWh and a cruising range of 62 kilometers under NEDC conditions, which can achieve zero fuel consumption for ordinary commuting in cities.
Write at the end: Nowadays, the development of automobile power has entered a new stage. In the tide of new energy, considering low carbon, energy saving, environmental protection and energy security, fully embracing electrification is the only way out. The internal combustion engine must be upgraded to a clean and efficient direction, and at the same time it must be highly integrated with electrification technology, which is the development direction of powertrain in the future; Oil-electric hybrid, plug-in hybrid and extended-range hybrid also have enough room for development. From the recent release of these power systems by domestic and foreign car companies, this is confirmed. In the near future, we will see a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend in the field of passenger car power, which is good news for industry development and consumers.
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This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.