As for the object of technology introduction, Japan is not the only one.
200-250 km/h EMU (bidding in 2004)
CRH 1A/B/E——BST Company (Qingdao Bombardier-Sifang, China CSR Sifang (Qingdao) is a joint venture with Canadian Bombardier Company, which was established before the development of China's high-speed railway).
CRH2A/B/E—— Kawasaki Heavy Industries of Japan (joint venture with CSR Sifang)
CRH5A- Alstom France (joint venture with CNR Changchun Bus)
300(350) km/h EMU (tender in 2005)
CRH2C—— Kawasaki Heavy Industries of Japan (joint venture with CSR Sifang)
Germany crh3c- Siemens (joint venture with CNR Tangshan)
These cars basically belong to foreign technology. From the beginning, the whole vehicle was imported, the parts were assembled in China, and then the production technology was transferred to domestic manufacturing. At present, independent production has been realized in China. However, at present, only CRH 1A and CRH2A (especially 2A like Jiaozi ...) are still placing orders, and all others have stopped-1B and 2B are due to the fact that 16 section is not suitable for the current demand, and 1E and 2E are due to the insufficient demand for movable sleepers. As for 2C and 3C of the 350, the more mature and independent CRH380 is no longer produced as a transitional model. In addition, there are independently developed CRH2H and CRH5H "cold-proof and sandstorm-proof" EMUs.
Self-developed 350(380)km/h high-speed EMU
CRH380A/Al-CSR Sifang (based on CRH2 technology, but independent innovation, China already has international patents).
CRH 380 b/BL- CNR Tangshan and CNR long-distance passenger transport (based on CRH3C technology)
CRH 380 cl- China CNR Coach (based on CRH3C technology)
CRH6A/S/F- CSR Sifang, CSR Puzhen Jiaxin Base (to some extent, it is a derivative of CRH2, an intercity EMU).
(In addition, CRH380B and C cars are embarrassed in terms of "independent intellectual property rights"-Siemens has always considered it as technical plagiarism. Although Siemens can't manage the domestic market, these two cars can't be exported aboveboard at present)
In fact, these self-developed products are eclectic in Europe and Japan to some extent.
In addition, in China, BST's new 350(380)km/h high-speed EMU has no independent intellectual property rights. It is said that the general manager of China Railway Corporation intends to let BST compete with CNR (the future CNR), but the reality is unknown. In addition, although this car is named CRH 1-350, it is actually not a design platform with the old CRH 1 (the same as the new CRH 1A).
In addition, it is generally believed that the riding experience of Japanese cars (CRH2, CRH380A) is better than that of European cars. It may be because the travel habits in East Asia are similar, and the design of Japanese cars is more humanized.
Supplementary requirements for bidding in 2004 found on the Internet:
"China manufacturing enterprises (including Sino-foreign joint ventures) legally registered in People's Republic of China (PRC), capable of manufacturing railway EMUs and receiving technical support from foreign partners with mature design and manufacturing technology of railway EMUs with a speed of 200 kilometers per hour". Among them, the tender documents clearly stipulate three principles: first, all key technologies must be transferred; Second, the price must be the lowest in the world; Third, we must use the brand of China.