Olympic Games
Olympic Games
The World Comprehensive Games hosted by the International Olympic Committee. Held every four years, it is the largest and highest level sports meeting in the world.
The origin of the Olympic Games
The Greeks stipulated that the Games should be held in Olympia every four years in 776 BC. During the Games, athletes from all over Greece and nearby people gathered in Olympia, a beautiful town in southern Greece. When the first Olympic Games were held here in 776 BC, Dorian Cross won the championship in the 192.27-meter sprint. He became the first person to win the first event in the International Olympic Games.
Later, the scale of the ancient Greek games gradually expanded and became a grand event to show the national spirit. The winners of the competition received laurel, wild olive and palm woven garlands, etc. From 776 BC to 394 AD, after 1170 years, China held 293 ancient Olympic Games. Banned by the Roman emperor in 394 AD.
From 1875 to 1881, the German Curtius excavated cultural relics at the Olympic site, which aroused interest from all over the world. For this reason, French educator Pierre de Coubertin believed that restoring the tradition of the ancient Greek Olympic Games was of great significance to promoting the development of international sports. With his advocacy and active efforts, the first international sports conference was held in Paris in June 1894. The International Sports Congress decided to call the world's comprehensive sports games the Olympic Games, and held the first modern Olympic Games in Athens in 189, with 4 It is held once a year and takes turns in each member country.
By 1992, 25 Olympic Games had been held.
Opening Ceremony
Evolution The Olympic Games were called the Games in ancient times. They originated in ancient Greece and were named after the venue where they were held in Olympia. The ancient Greeks had a tradition of loving sports and competitions. Ancient Greece was divided into many city-states. In order to worship the gods, the city-states often held athletic competitions, which had a strong religious flavor. The sacred truce was implemented during the games to facilitate the free movement of citizens and to bring short-term peace to the endless wars between city-states, so it was generally welcomed. Among the many games, the largest and longest-lasting was the game held in Olympia to honor Zeus, the father of all gods, which is now known as the Ancient Olympic Games.
Flag-raising ceremony
The first ancient Olympic Games was held in 776 BC. After that, it was held every four years until 393 AD, when the Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I banned all pagan activities and announced the abolition of the ancient Olympic Games. It lasted 1169 years and was held for 293 times. Decades later, Theodosius II burned down the Temple of Zeus, and later floods and earthquakes buried the ruins of the ancient Olympic Games underground.
In the mid-18th century, archaeologists excavated and rediscovered the ancient Olympic Games ruins. With the rise of modern sports, people are eager to resume the Olympic Games. From 1859 to 1889, the Greeks hosted four Olympic Games. In 1888, Baron P. de Coubertin of France proposed the resumption of the Olympic Games, and in 1892 he visited various European countries. After two years of running and raising, the International Sports Conference was held in Paris, France, in June 1894. The International Olympic Committee was established on June 23, and June 23 has since been known as Olympic Day. The meeting also decided to hold the first modern Olympic Games in Athens, Greece, in 1896, and then to hold them every four years in major cities on five continents in the world. If the Games cannot be held for any reason, the number of Olympic Games will still be counted.
The first Olympic regulations initiated and formulated by Coubertin were adopted at the Paris International Conference in June 1894. It involves the basic purposes, principles and other related matters of the Olympic Movement.
The 1921 Lausanne Olympic Conference formulated the Olympic Law, which includes five parts: the Olympic Charter, the International Olympic Committee Statutes, the Olympic Competition Rules and Protocols, the General Rules for the Olympic Games, and the Olympic Parliament Rules. Over the decades, the Olympic Law has been revised and supplemented many times, but the basic principles and spirit formulated by Coubertin have not changed.
In 1900, at the second Olympic Games held in Paris, 11 women broke the ban and appeared on the sports field. After several debates, the International Olympic Committee finally officially passed a resolution allowing women to participate in the Olympic Games at its 22nd meeting in 1924. Since then, women's events have become an indispensable part of the Olympic Games, and more and more female athletes are participating.
With the development of the Olympic movement, the International Olympic Committee has also made many regulations. In 1913, based on Coubertin's idea, the International Olympic Committee designed the Olympic flag, which has an endless white background and five interlocking rings in the center. The colors of the rings are sky blue, yellow, black, green, and red. The ring symbolizes the unity of the five continents and the fact that athletes from all over the world meet at the Olympic Games with fair, frank competition and a spirit of friendship. In 1914, to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the restoration of the modern Olympic movement, the flag was used for the first time at the Olympic Games held in Paris. During the 1920 Antwerp Olympics, the first five-ring flag was raised on the sports field. Since then, there have been flag handover and flag-raising ceremonies at the opening ceremonies of all subsequent Olympic Games. In order to promote the Olympic spirit and encourage participating athletes, Coubertin proposed and approved by the International Olympic Committee in 1913, "Faster, Higher, Stronger" was adopted as the Olympic motto. When the London Olympics was held in 1908, at the religious ceremony of the Olympic Games held in St. Paul's Cathedral, the Archbishop of Pennsylvania in the United States said in his sermon that "the important thing in the Olympics is participation, not victory." Coubertin greatly appreciated this sentence. It has been quoted many times since then, so many people believe that this sentence should become an Olympic ideal. The athletes' oath was implemented from the 7th Olympic Games in 1920. In 1968, the 19th Olympic Games added referee oaths. At the 11th Olympic Games in 1936, the International Olympic Committee officially stipulated that the Olympic flame symbolizing light, friendship, and unity should be lit at the main venue. Since then, this event has become one of the indispensable rituals at the opening ceremony of every Olympic Games. Before the start of the Olympic Games, a concave mirror was used to gather sunlight to light the torch next to the temple of the Greek goddess Hera (the wife of Zeus) in Olympia. The torch relay was then carried out and arrived at the host city the day before the opening of the Olympic Games. At the opening ceremony, athletes from the host country took the last shot to light the flames on the tower, and the flames were extinguished during the closing ceremony.
Athletes entering the venue
The Olympic flag and the national flags of participating countries were flying at the venue
According to regulations, all National Olympic Committees recognized by the International Olympic Committee Can send sports teams to compete in the Olympic Games. Before 1949, the Republic of China sent teams or representatives to participate in the 9th, 10th, 11th and 14th Olympic Games. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, when the 15th Olympic Games was held in Finland in 1952, the Chinese Olympic Committee was invited to participate for the first time, and Chinese athletes participated in the swimming competition. Since then, the Chinese Olympic Committee has cut off contact with the International Olympic Committee. In November 1979, the International Olympic Committee restored the legal seat of the Chinese Olympic Committee. In 1984, China sent 225 athletes to attend the 23rd Olympic Games held in Los Angeles, USA, and achieved good results, ranking fourth in terms of number of gold medals (15).
In the 24th Olympic Games in 1988 and the 25th Olympic Games in 1992, China sent delegations to participate in the competition and achieved good results.
China's medal list of previous Olympic Games
Gold, silver, and bronze medals Total
23 15 8 9 32
24 5 11 12 28
25 16 22 16 54
26 16 22 12 50
27 28 16 15 59
28 32 17 14 63
The Olympic Games in the host country are the largest and most influential comprehensive sports games in the world. Normally, the President of the International Olympic Committee and the head of the host country will attend the opening and closing ceremonies of the conference and deliver speeches at the meeting. The head of the host country will declare the opening of the conference. In the past, countries (or regions) participating in the Olympic Games were invited by the host country. In September 1986, the Seoul meeting of the International Olympic Committee Executive Committee decided that the invitation would be changed to the International Olympic Committee in the future.
The Charter of the International Olympic Committee stipulates that the Olympic Games are the exclusive property of the International Olympic Committee. The International Olympic Committee will decide the city to host the next Olympic Games based on the organizational capacity and financial resources of the city applying to host the Olympic Games. The host city must abide by the charter and instructions of the International Olympic Committee, generally build sports venues that meet standards, and provide athletes with dedicated residences, often called Olympic villages.
The Olympic Games events include: track and field, basketball, football, volleyball, swimming (including diving, water polo, synchronized swimming), hockey, gymnastics, weightlifting, cycling, wrestling, judo, shooting, archery, fencing, Rowing, rowing, sailing, equestrian, boxing, handball, modern pentathlon, tennis, table tennis, etc. In addition to the official competition events, the International Olympic Committee also authorizes the host country to list 1 to 3 of its popular non-Olympic official events as exhibition events for the current Olympic Games. Other countries can also send teams to participate. As an unofficial competition, no medals are awarded to the winners.
Rewards The International Olympic Committee emphasizes that the competition is only a competition between individuals and teams, not a contest of sports strength between countries. What the International Olympic Committee announces is only the competition results, not the medals won by each country. However, the host country, the press and the national Olympic committees all conduct statistics in this regard and rank the overall rankings according to medals or points. In terms of rewards, the focus is also on spirituality and reputation. The International Olympic Committee believes that spiritual rewards are one of the important factors in the Olympic spirit. The top three athletes who win at the Olympic Games will only be awarded gold, silver and bronze medals respectively, without any material rewards.
The ancient Olympic Games have a history of 1,200 years since they were held in Olympia, Greece, in 776 BC. It was originally a religious ceremony and gradually evolved into a sports activity. The competition events at that time included the pentathlon (including discus, javelin, long jump, running and wrestling), running, boxing, wrestling, and boxing wrestling (a mixed sport of boxing and wrestling). , buggy racing and horse riding. The ancient Olympic Games reflected people's desire for peace. During the Olympics, the warring parties would have a truce. However, the ancient Olympic Games were eventually stopped due to war.
The revival of the Olympics began in 1896. With the efforts of the founder of the Olympics, Coubertin, the first modern Olympics was held in Athens, Greece, with 245 athletes from 14 countries participating. Since then, the number of participating athletes, participating countries and competition events has increased day by day. At the 2000 Sydney Olympics in Australia, more than 10,000 athletes from 199 countries participated. As the world's largest gathering, the "faster, higher, stronger" spirit proposed by the Olympic Games embodies the spirit of modern people's pursuit of a happy life.
Winter sports were first added to the Olympics in 1908, with figure skating. Ice hockey has been added since 1920.
In 1924, the Winter Olympics were held alone for the first time in Chaminis, France. Since 1994, the Winter Olympics are not scheduled to be held in the same year as the Summer Olympics. Therefore, the Olympic Games are currently held every two years, with the Winter Olympics and Summer Olympics held alternately.
Places of previous Summer Olympic Games
Year of venue
1 Athens? Greece 1896
2 Paris? France 1900
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3 St. Louis? United States 1904
4 London? United Kingdom 1908
5 Stockholm? Sweden 1912
6 Berlin? Germany 1916 (because of the World War I was not over)
7 Antwerp? Belgium 1920
8 Paris? France 1924
9 Amsterdam? Netherlands 1928
10 Los Angeles? United States 1932
11 Berlin? Germany 1936 (not handled due to World War II)
12 Helsinki? Finland 1940 (not handled due to World War II)
13 London? UK 1944
14 London? UK 1948
15 Helsinki? Finland 1952
16 Melbourne? Australia 1956
17 Rome? Italy 1960
18 Tokyo? Japan 1964
19 Mexico City? Mexico 1968
20 Munich? Former West Germany 1972
21 Montreal? Canada 1976
22 Moscow? Former Soviet Union 1980
23 Los Angeles? United States 1984
24 Seoul? South Korea 1988
25 Barcelona? Spain 1992
26 Atlanta? United States 1996
27 Sydney? Australia 2000
28 Athens? Greece 2004
29 Beijing China 2008
30 London UK 2012