Most living things, including us, reproduce and evolve from generation to generation by DNA, while some tiny viruses transmit their genetic information to future generations by RNA. Therefore, nucleic acid is the genetic material of organisms. This kind of genetic information is first transmitted from DNA to mRNA, and then from mRNA to protein.
nucleic acid drugs, also known as nucleotide drugs, are various oligoribonucleotides (RNA) or oligodeoxynucleotide (DNA) with different functions, which mainly play a role at the gene level.
generally speaking, nucleic acid drugs include Aptamer, Antigene, Ribozyme, Antisencenucleic acid and RNA interference agent. Because of its specificity for pathogenic genes, that is to say, it has a specific target and mechanism of action, so nucleic acid drugs have a wide application prospect. In this paper, the classification of nucleic acid drugs and its research progress are briefly introduced.
also known as nucleotide drugs. Nucleic acids (including nucleotides and deoxynucleotides) extracted from the cells of some animals and microorganisms, or substances with nucleic acid structures (including nucleotides and deoxynucleotides) and certain pharmacological effects prepared by artificial synthesis are called nucleic acid drugs or nucleic acid biochemical drugs. Nucleic acid drugs in a broad sense can include nucleotide drugs, nucleic acid drugs and drugs containing different base compounds. Nucleic acid drugs have a variety of pharmacological effects, which can be divided into: (i) antiviral agents, such as ribavirin, acyclovir and arabinoside, which are clinically used to resist hepatitis virus, scar virus and other viruses; (2) Antitumor agents, such as fluorouracil for the treatment of digestive tract cancer and arabinoside for the treatment of various acute leukemia; (3) Interferon inducer, the representative drug is poly-myocyte, which is clinically used for anti-hepatitis virus, scar rash virus, etc. (4) Immune enhancer, which is mainly used for anti-virus and anti-tumor adjuvant therapy; (5) Functional agents, used for adjuvant treatment of hepatitis, heart disease and other diseases. The medicinal adenosine cyclophosphate (ATP powder) can be prepared from drunken mother RIJA, or it can be produced by artificial synthesis and fermentation.