1, composite fireproof glass
The traditional production process of composite fire-proof glass generally adopts grouting method, and the formula containing water glass is often used as an expansion and flame-retardant adhesive between three or more pieces of glass, which expands and foams at high temperature to form a thick fire-proof and heat-insulating layer, which becomes opaque and plays a role in fire-proof and heat-insulation. The production process is as follows: firstly, a plurality of pieces of glass are cut into the same size, and the periphery of the glass is sealed with frame strips, leaving grouting holes; After the frame is firmly bonded to the glass, the flame retardant liquid is injected from the grouting port, and then the sealed glass is cured. According to the formula and structure of the flame retardant, it usually takes 30-90 minutes to prevent fire. The fire-proof glass produced by grouting method can meet three performance indexes of fire integrity, radiation resistance and heat insulation, and belongs to Class A products in national standards. At present, most domestic manufacturers producing fire-proof glass by grouting method are manual production, with low degree of automation and uneven product quality. During the use of flame retardants, they often become turbid and appear small bubbles.
2, a single piece of fireproof glass
The common flat glass in the building market belongs to soda-lime-silica glass, and its softening temperature is below 700℃, so it does not have fire resistance when used alone. The softening point of timely glass is above 1200℃, which can meet the requirements of fire resistance integrity, but it is expensive. The softening temperature of borosilicate glass is higher than that of ordinary soda-lime silicate glass, which can reach 820℃. After heat treatment, borosilicate glass can be used as a single piece of fireproof glass. In recent years, a method of toughening sodium silicate glass by physical and chemical treatment has appeared to make it have the properties of fire-resistant glass.
French, American, Japanese and domestic companies all have some patents in this respect. Ordinary glass will break due to thermal stress when it encounters fire, and ordinary tempered glass will burst because it can't stand the strong thermal stress generated by flame. The super toughened glass has higher tempering stress than ordinary toughened glass and can withstand the thermal stress caused by flame, so it can be used as a single piece of fire-proof glass. This type of fire-proof glass can only meet the requirements of fire integrity, and it belongs to Class C products in national standards. Composite fireproof glass can be made by other processing technologies. Chemical tempering can improve the compressive stress of glass surface, improve the defects of surface and grinding edge, and make it withstand higher thermal stress. According to the thermal stress formula of glass, the maximum temporary thermal stress generated when fire-proof glass is heated is directly proportional to the temperature difference around the glass. In case of fire, the temperature difference between the two sides of the glass can reach 400 degrees.
At℃, the temporary thermal stress is about 224Mpa, and the glass after super-strong tempering can withstand greater temporary thermal stress, so it will not break. In fact, when a fire breaks out, the maximum temperature difference generally appears at the edge and middle part of the glass, and when the tempered glass breaks, it starts from the edge. The measures to improve the temporary stress at the edge of glass are the key to the manufacture and installation of single fire-proof glass. Single fire-proof glass used for fire prevention relies on the prestress formed by tempering treatment to resist the thermal stress formed by flame in the early stage of fire; With the increase of glass temperature, the stress of glass itself begins to relax until the complete stress disappears. As the temperature continues to rise, the glass softens and collapses, losing its fire integrity. In general, the thermal stress of glass is the largest 30 minutes before the fire, because the temperature difference of glass is the largest at this time; Subsequently, the glass is annealed and the thermal stress is reduced. Burn under fire 1
After hours, the glass becomes soft, and only by the clamping action of the mounting frame can the fire integrity be maintained for a longer time. Fire-proof glass mounting frame and glass also meet the corresponding fire-proof grade.
3. Wire-clamped fireproof glass
Laminated glass is a kind of ordinary flat glass produced by calendering. When the glass ribbon is formed between calendering rollers, the heated steel wire mesh is placed in the glass plate, but then cut into the glass plate, that is, laminated glass is manufactured. Laminated glass can play the role of fire prevention and theft prevention. In case of fire, the laminated glass will preheat and burst, but the glass fragments will remain on the metal net, and the whole glass will remain intact in a certain sense, which can prevent the flame from penetrating and preventing the fire from spreading.
4. Characteristics of single-layer fireproof glass
Single-layer fireproof glass has good performance and simple installation structure. Single-piece fire-proof glass is composed of physical tempering and chemical tempering, which has all the properties of tempered glass and belongs to safety glass products.
① The optical performance of the product is good, and the transmittance is the same as that of ordinary float glass;
② The strength of glass is 6 times that of ordinary float glass;
(3) Glass that can be combined into various functions, such as:
A. Two pieces of glass are compounded into hollow glass, which has the functions of energy saving, heat insulation and sound insulation.
B. Coating on the glass surface has thermal reflection and aesthetic effect.
(4) Due to the combination of physical strengthening and chemical strengthening, the infiltration of potassium ions greatly reduces the microcracks on the glass surface. There are both physical strengthening compressive stress layers and chemical strengthening ion exchange compressive stress layers on the glass surface, which makes the glass
The mechanical strength and thermal shock resistance of glass are greatly improved.
Longjiang door industry