1. Information retrieval in a broad sense refers to the process and technology of organizing and storing information in a certain way, and finding relevant information according to the needs of users.
2. Information retrieval in a narrow sense refers to the process of finding the required information from an information collection.
3. Information is a reflection of the way things exist, their state of movement and their characteristics, and it is the signal and message sent by things.
4. Information has the characteristics of enjoyment, storage and transmission, value and timeliness.
5. Intelligence refers to the knowledge and information that is delivered to users in a certain form and generates benefits.
6. Three attributes: knowledge, delivery and utility.
7. Knowledge is the result of human thinking, analysis, processing and refinement of information reflections of various phenomena and laws in nature and human society, and is the result of systematization and theorization. Knowledge is a collection of optimized and theorized information.
8. Documents refer to all carriers that contain records and knowledge. In other words, human knowledge recorded using text, graphics, symbols, audio, video and other means can be called documents.
9. Zero documents: refers to unpublished experimental records, original recordings, letters, manuscripts, oral communication information or things, etc.
10. Primary literature: refers to monographs, academic papers, patent specifications, and scientific and technological reports that are written directly by the author based on his or her own practical experience in work, scientific research, social activities, etc., and are publicly distributed and circulated in society. wait.
11. The four elements of documentation: information content, information symbols, recording methods, and carrier materials.
12. Types of information retrieval: literature retrieval, fact retrieval, data retrieval.
13. Database components: documents, records and documents.
14. Recall rate = amount of relevant documents checked/total amount of relevant documents in the library * 100
15. Precision rate = amount of relevant relevant documents checked/checked Number of all documents detected * 100
16. Recall rate: the ratio of relevant documents detected at the time of the incident to the relevant documents actually stored in the entire document database.
17. Precision rate: It indicates the proportion of required relevant documents among the detected documents.
18. The forms of information sources are divided into personal information sources, organizational information sources, physical information sources, documentary information sources, and electronic information sources
19. Medicine The connotation of information literacy: information awareness, information knowledge, information ability, information ethics.
20. Measures to improve the recall rate:
(1) Try to use subject words and keywords to search (2) Expand the search and use of subject words when searching Search for all subtopic words (3) Expand search and all multiplex search when classifying search
(4) Delete an unimportant concept group and reduce AND operations (5) Use more synonyms Perform OR operation retrieval (6) Use more truncated words to search
20.5 Methods to improve accuracy (1) Use planned combinations of subject words and sub-topic words for retrieval, use less or no subject words (2) ) adopts a weighting method that limits the subject heading fields of the main concepts. (3) Add concept groups and use AND operator to connect (4) Use NOT operator to exclude irrelevant concepts (5) Limit search fields, such as document type, language, author, journal title, etc. (6) Adjust and relax position operators wait.
21. Information retrieval strategy (formulation) (steps):
(1), analyze the retrieval topic, clarify the purpose and requirements
(2), retrieval Select systems and databases
(3), select search methods, determine search identifiers
(4), prepare search expressions, and adjust search strategies
( 5), obtain original documents
22. The principle of information retrieval: it is to collect, process, organize and store a large number of scattered and disordered document information.
Establish various retrieval systems, and use certain methods and means to agree on the feature identifiers used in the two processes of storage and retrieval, so as to effectively obtain and utilize information sources
23. Information Search technology:
1. Boolean logic search
2. Truncation search
3. Position search
4. Limited field search
24. Information retrieval approach:
1. Classification approach
2. Topic approach
3. Keyword approach
4. Author path
5. Title path
6. Number path
Information: Information is the way things exist, their state of movement and their The reflection of characteristics is the signal and message sent by things
Characteristics of information: carrier dependence, wireless, enjoyment, inexhaustibility, development of value-added applications, timeliness, universality
Knowledge: Knowledge is the sublimation and result of information. Systematized and theoretical information is called knowledge
Documentation: Knowledge recorded in a certain way on a certain carrier is called Literature
Information sources: The sources of information that individuals obtain to satisfy their information needs are called information sources
Types of information sources: Personal information sources. Organizational information source. Physical information source. Literature information sources. Five categories of electronic information sources.
Information resources: information as resources. Including, information producers, information, information technology.
Documentary information sources are divided into: books, journals, dissertations, scientific reports, patent documents, standard documents, product samples, conference documents, government publications
Zero documents: unpublished or not entered into social exchanges The most original documents
Primary documents: Various publicly published or published documents such as composition reports based on the author's own achievements
Secondary documents: According to specific Screening for the purpose, that is, the so-called documents that have been processed with certain search tools
Tertiary documents: Based on the clues provided by the secondary documents, the content of a large number of primary documents is selected, and then again after screening, classification, synthesis and concentration Published literature
Information literacy: the ability to recognize when information is needed and to search effectively to evaluate and use the needed information
Medical information literacy includes: information awareness information knowledge information skills Information ethics
Information retrieval: Information retrieval includes two processes: information storage and information acquisition
Types of information retrieval: literature retrieval fact retrieval data retrieval
Information retrieval Principle: It is to establish various retrieval systems by collecting, processing, organizing, and storing a large amount of scattered and disordered literature information. And through a certain amount of methods and means, the feature identifiers used in the two processes of storage and retrieval are consistent, so as to effectively obtain and utilize information sources.
Chapter 2
The database is composed of document records and fields
Paths of information retrieval: classification pathway, subject pathway, keyword pathway, author pathway, title pathway, number pathway
Information retrieval technology: Boolean logical retrieval, truncation retrieval, position retrieval, limited field retrieval
Information retrieval strategy: 1. Analyze the retrieval topic, understand the purpose and requirements 2. Selection of retrieval system and database 3. Select the search method and determine the search identifier. 4. Prepare the search expression and adjust the search strategy. 5. Obtain the original documents
The basic requirements for information retrieval: comprehensive, accurate and fast
Recall rate and precision rate are Two important indicators for evaluating search results
Measures to improve search results:
Precision rate: Indicates the proportion of required relevant documents among the detected documents.
Recall rate: Indicates the ratio of the relevant documents detected to the relevant documents actually stored in the entire literature database
1. Measures to improve the recall rate: 1 Try to use a combination of subject words and keywords for retrieval 2. When searching for subject words, perform an expanded search and use all subtopic words. 3. When searching for categories, perform an expanded search and all multiplex searches. 4. Delete an unimportant concept group and reduce AND operations. 5. Use more synonyms for "OR" "Operation search 6 Use truncation search
2. Measures to improve accuracy: 1. Use standardized combinations of subject words and sub-topic words for retrieval, and use less or no free words. 2. Use limited main concepts. Search using the weighted method of the subject word field 3. Add concept groups and use AND operator to connect 4. Use NOT operator to exclude irrelevant concepts 5. Limit search fields such as document type, language, author, journal title, etc. 6. Adjust and relax position operators, etc.
3 The role of information retrieval
Information retrieval is the main content of information literacy education
Information retrieval is the basic skill of innovative talents
Information retrieval It is an important part of scientific research
Information retrieval is an important way to develop information resources
Information retrieval is an important prerequisite for scientific decision-making.