TRIZ theory was founded in 1946 by the inventor of the former Soviet Union, G.S. Altshuller, who was also honored as the father of TRIZ. In 1946, Altshuller began to study the theory of invention problem solving. At that time, Altshuller worked in the Patent Office of the Caspian Navy of the former Soviet Union. In the process of dealing with famous invention patents from all over the world, he always considered such a question: When people make inventions and solve technical problems, are there scientific methods and rules to follow, so that they can quickly realize new inventions or solve technical problems? The answer is yes! Altshuller found that product improvement, technological change and innovation in any field, like biological systems, all exist, and there are laws to follow. If people master these laws, they can design products actively and predict the future trend of products. In the following decades, Altshuller devoted his whole life to the research and improvement of TRIZ theory. Under his leadership, research institutions, universities and enterprises in the former Soviet Union formed a research group of TRIZ, analyzed nearly 2.5 million high-level invention patents in the world, summed up the regular patterns followed by the development and evolution of various technologies, and established a comprehensive theoretical system composed of various methods and algorithms to solve technical and physical contradictions, and integrated the principles and laws of multi-disciplinary fields to establish a TRIZ theoretical system.
mind thought and basic characteristics
The core idea of modern TRIZ theory is mainly embodied in three aspects.
first of all, whether it is a simple product or a complex technical system, the development of its core technology follows objective laws, that is, it has objective evolution laws and patterns.
Secondly, the constant solution of various technical problems, conflicts and contradictions is the driving force to promote this evolutionary process.
The ideal state of technical system development is to realize as many functions as possible with as few resources as possible.
main content
in the most popular sense, innovation is the process of creatively discovering and solving problems. The powerful role of TRIZ theory lies in that it provides systematic theoretical and methodological tools for people to creatively discover and solve problems.
Modern TRIZ theory system mainly includes the following aspects:
① Innovative thinking method and problem analysis method
TRIZ theory provides scientific methods for systematically analyzing problems, such as multi-screen method; For the analysis of complex problems, it includes the scientific problem analysis modeling method-matter-field analysis method, which can help to quickly confirm the core problems and find the fundamental contradictions.
② evolution law of technology system
According to the evolution law of technology system, based on a large number of patent analysis, TRIZ theory summarizes and refines eight basic evolution laws. Using these evolutionary rules, we can analyze and confirm the current technical state of products, predict the future development trend and develop competitive new products.
③ the principle of solving technical contradictions
Different inventions often follow the same law. TRIZ theory sums up these laws into 4 innovative principles. According to specific technical contradictions, we can seek specific solutions based on these innovative principles and combined with engineering practice.
④ standard solution to innovative problems
according to the different characteristics of the matter-field model of specific problems, there are standard model processing methods, including model modification, transformation, addition of matter and field, and so on.
this paper introduces the basic theory and main tools of TRIZ, and discusses its application in the innovation of production management. In view of some problems existing in solving the innovation in the field of production management, some suggestions for application improvement are given. We believe that with the development of TRIZ theory, its application in the field of production management innovation will become more and more operational and its application scope will become wider and wider, and it will become an effective method and means to solve the innovation in the field of production management.
2. What is the final ideal solution? Please use the six steps to determine the final ideal solution to find the ideal solution to the problem of raising rabbits on the farm.
The final ideal solution makes us clear the direction and position of the ideal solution.
Four characteristics of the final ideal solution:
1, eliminating the defects of the original system;
2, which retains the advantages of the original system;
3, which will not make the system more complicated;
4, no new defects will occur.
Determination of the final ideal solution:
Step 1: What is the ultimate purpose of the design?
step 2: what is the ideal solution?
Step 3: What are the obstacles to the ideal solution?
Step 4: Why is it an obstacle?
Step 5: How to make the obstacles disappear?
step 6: what is the result of not appearing this obstacle?
Example: the problem of raising rabbits on the farm
The farmer has a large farm and keeps a large number of rabbits. Rabbits need fresh grass late, but the farmer doesn't want rabbits to go too far to look after them, and he doesn't want to spend a lot of resources to mow grass and transport it back to feed them, so conflicts arise.
applying the above steps, analyze and propose the final ideal solution
1. What is the purpose of the design?
rabbits can eat grass at any time.
2, what is the ideal solution?
Rabbits always eat grass by themselves
3. What are the obstacles to achieving the ideal solution?
In order to prevent the rabbits from going too far to look after them, farmers keep rabbits in cages, so that the cages where the rabbits are kept can't move.
4. What is the result of this obstacle?
Because the cage can't move, and the space under the cage is limited, the rabbit can't eat grass continuously by itself.
5, what is the result of not appearing this obstacle?
when the rabbit eats up the grass under the cage, the cage moves to another place with grass, and the available resource is the rabbit.
solution: put wheels on the cage, and the rabbit pushes the wheels to find grass.
3. what are the types of resources? Please give examples of information resources and energy resources.
What are the types of resources? Information, energy and materials are listed as the three major resources in the world today.
Examples of information resources:
Information resources refer to all the information that people can use and store on certain carriers (including people's brains) through a series of cognitive and creative processes. Information resources, like human resources, financial resources, material resources and natural resources of enterprises, are important resources of enterprises and strategic resources for enterprise development.
one view is a narrow understanding, which holds that information resources refer to a collection of useful information that has been processed and orderly and accumulated in a large number in human social and economic activities.
another view is a broad understanding, which holds that information, information producers, information technology and other information activity elements accumulated in human social information activities are a collection. Information resources include the following parts: 1) information and information producers who have been processed and orderly and accumulated in a large number in human social and economic activities; A collection of information producers who produce information for a certain purpose; A collection of information technologies for processing, processing and transmitting information; 4 Collection of other information activity elements (such as information equipment, facilities, information activity funds, etc.). Information resources are the general name of all documents, materials, charts and data involved in the production and management of enterprises. It involves all information resources generated, acquired, processed, stored, transmitted and used in the process of enterprise production and business activities, and runs through the whole process of enterprise management. Information, energy and materials are listed as the three major resources in the world today. Information resources exist widely in various fields and departments of economy and society. It is a reflection of various conditions and relationships, such as the forms of various things, internal laws, and connections with other things. With the continuous development of society, information resources are very important to the development of the country and the nation, and to people's work and life, and become an important strategic resource for national economic and social development. Its development and utilization is the core content of the whole information system.
Examples of energy resources:
(1) Classification according to their forms, characteristics or levels of transformation and utilization. Classification recommended by the World Energy Committee: solid fuel, liquid fuel, gas fuel, hydropower, nuclear energy, electric energy, solar energy, biomass energy, wind energy, ocean energy and geothermal energy.
According to the formation, it can be divided into primary energy or primary energy, such as coal, oil, natural gas, solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy, etc., which are directly obtained from nature and do not change their basic forms; After natural or artificial processing, it is converted into another form of secondary energy, such as electric energy, gasoline, diesel oil, alcohol, gas, hot water and hydrogen energy.
(2) According to whether it can be regenerated, it can be divided into renewable energy sources that can be continuously supplemented for use, such as wind energy; Non-renewable energy, such as coal and oil, which can only be formed in a long geological age and cannot be regenerated in a short time.
(3) According to the degree of environmental impact, it can be divided into clean energy sources, such as wind energy; Pollution tidal energy generator energy, such as coal.
(4) According to the utilization situation, it can be divided into conventional energy sources that have been mass-produced and widely used under the existing economic and technical conditions, such as oil, natural gas, hydropower and nuclear fission energy. At present, new energy sources are being popularized, such as solar energy, ocean energy, geothermal energy and biomass energy. Most of the new energy sources are natural and renewable, which will be the basis of the sustainable energy system in the world in the future.
(5) According to the source, it can be divided into four categories: first, energy from the sun, including solar radiation energy and coal and biomass energy indirectly from solar energy; The second is geothermal energy contained in the earth's interior, and the third is various nuclear fuels, that is, nuclear energy; The fourth is the energy generated by the mutual attraction of the moon, the sun and other celestial bodies to the earth, such as tidal energy.
(6) According to the formation, it can be divided into primary energy or primary energy, such as geothermal energy, which is directly obtained from nature and does not change its basic form; Secondary energy, such as thermal power, which is converted into another form by natural or artificial processing. [1]
4. Every time it snows heavily, the airport needs a powerful blower to clear the snow on the runway. If the snow is thick, powerful blowers often can't effectively clear the snow. What are the technical contradictions here?
Problem description:
When it snows heavily, airports often use powerful blowers to clear the snow on the runway. However, if there is a large amount of snow, powerful blowers often cannot effectively clear the snow. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the speed of blast air flow, that is, to provide more power for the blower.
Figure 1. When there is a large amount of snow, the blower can't effectively remove snow
Solution:
We can use the principle of "periodic action" to solve this technical contradiction.
the pulse device allows the air flow to be discharged at a certain pulse frequency. The snow removal efficiency of this pulse airflow is twice as high as that of continuous airflow with the same power.
fig. 2. More effective snow removal with pulse device
5. Please explain the sailing transportation system with the technical system completeness rule.
a complete technical system must include the following four parts:
power device
transmission device
execution device
control device
technical system rule 1: completeness rule
Example: sailing ship's transportation system
There are legends but they can't be copied.