The fundamental law of a country. To stipulate the social system, state system, state institutions, basic rights and obligations of citizens, etc. It has the highest authority and the greatest effect in the laws of this country. China has successively formulated four constitutions: 1954, 1975, 1978 and 1982. 1982 Some articles in the Constitution were later amended and supplemented.
The word constitution comes from the Latin constitution, which originally meant organization and establishment. The ancient Roman Empire used it to express the emperor's "imperial edict" and "imperial edict", which was different from the legal documents passed by the citizens' meeting. In feudal Europe, it was used to express the confirmation of the basic principles of the state system in daily legislation, which included the meaning of the organic law. Britain established a representative system in the Middle Ages, and established the principle that the king could not levy taxes or enact other legislation without the consent of Parliament. Later, the representative system was popularized in Europe and America. People called the law that stipulated the representative system the Constitution, which refers to the law that confirmed constitutionalism.
The words "constitution", "constitutional decree" and "constitution" are synonymous with "law" in China's ancient books, and the ancient Japanese "constitution" also refers to laws and regulations, all of which have different meanings from the modern "constitution". During the Meiji Restoration in the 1960s from 65438 to 2009, with the introduction of western constitutional ideas, the concept of Japan appeared, which was equivalent to that of Europe and America. 1898, during the Reform Movement of 1898 in China, the reformists headed by Kang Youwei asked the Qing court to formulate a constitution and implement a constitutional monarchy. 1908, the Qing government promulgated the Outline of the King James Constitution, and from then on, the word "constitution" became a special word in the fundamental law of China.