1. The success rate of laboratory research and development of drugs is between 0.05-0. 1%.
In other words, there are more than thousands of drug research objects, and only one research object can become a drug. It is conceivable that the early experimental stage of drugs will experience at least thousands of failures.
2. The process of drug research and development needs many clinical experiments.
As far as phase III clinical trials are concerned, it usually takes billions of dollars to fully verify the safety, efficacy and dosage of drugs.
It takes at least five years for a drug to be successfully developed.
According to statistics, from 20 10 to 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 440 new drugs, and the clinical research and development time ranged from 5 years to more than 20 years, with an average time of 8.3 years.
Two. Current situation of drug research and development in COVID-19. 1. China's drug research and development in COVID-19 is in the forefront of the world.
China is one of the first countries to invest in drug research and development in COVID-19. According to the data, COVID-19's patent applications and authorized invention patents account for 56% and 70% of the global patents respectively. At present, there are more than 30 COVID-19 drugs in clinical trials in China.
2. There are two kinds of COVID-19 drugs on the market in China.
One is the COVID-19 neutralizing antibody combination therapy drug Ambrovide monoclonal antibody injection and Romovemab injection approved for marketing in February 2002165438, and the other is the oral drug Afuddin tablets approved for marketing on July 25, 2022.
Some people may ask, why are these two drugs on the market so soon? On the one hand, it shows the full commitment of our researchers; On the other hand, we took a "shortcut". As far as the oral drug Afuddin tablets are concerned, it was originally a drug for treating AIDS. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, it was screened by a large number of researchers and proved to be effective in COVID-19, and it was used as a drug to treat COVID-19.
The epidemic has been going on for three years, why hasn't the specific medicine come out yet? What is a specific drug? In the words of ordinary people, it is an immediate drug. Drugs that have been developed in COVID-19, including Monoupivide, the world's first oral drug in COVID-19, Paxlovid developed by Pfizer, and Azvudine tablets, are all called specific drugs, but they are not what most people call "specific drugs". Why? Because COVID-19 is still mutating.
The ever-changing COVID-19 not only increases the difficulty of fighting the epidemic, but also affects the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine and COVID-19 drugs to some extent. Therefore, the listing of specific drugs in COVID-19 is not a short-term thing, and we should fully understand it.