In the early morning of the year, month and day of the year, in a remote village called Sobral in southern Brazil. The sun has just risen. God has given the locals eternal tranquility. In their eyes, the world is nothing but blue sky, wheat fields, grasslands, and sheep. Even the smoke-filled World War I that had just ended seemed like a legend from the horizon.
But they were woken up early in the morning, and a group of foreigners in strange outfits came to the door. Some said hello to them in broken Portuguese, some gestured to borrow water, and more people were busy setting up astronomical telescopes and cameras.
At noon, the bright sunshine slowly began to dim, and a famous total solar eclipse of this century occurred. The crowd of onlookers became commotion, crossing themselves on their chests one after another. Some people rushed to find the priest, while the foreigners began to conduct observations with confidence.
They are an astronomical observation team from distant Britain. The purpose of this trip is to verify a strange theory of a German.
Soon the data was processed and the film was developed.
The professor who led the team was a standard English gentleman. Although gentlemen admired a calm and calm style, the professor's eyes clearly showed expectation and uneasiness. When he placed the wet film under the lamp, the professor's hands and beard soon began to shake with excitement. Is the universe bounded or unbounded? The space we belong to is flat or curved; Newton's ideas are victorious or subverted. It all depends on these small negatives. He took a deep breath and opened his eyes wide.
Soon, a graceless howl could be heard even fifty meters away from the house: "My God, did the German named Einstein get it right?" ! ”
On the two overlapping negatives, you can clearly see that a straight starlight is deflected when it passes through the shadow of the sun. The deflection angle is seconds.
The hall of the Royal Society was filled with scientific elites from the British Isles. Some of them may realize that this is going to be an extraordinary day and put on special suits for the holidays.
When Sir Thomson, the chairman of the conference, adjusted his glasses and slowly announced that the topic of this conference was "Verification of General Relativity in Astronomy", the scholars below began to whisper, Then the voices became louder and louder, and some even stood up and argued loudly across the oak table without waiting for the host's call. Thomson rang the bell several times in an unsuccessful attempt to control the situation. He shook his head regretfully and said to the few people next to him. The committee member smiled awkwardly.
But when the famous astronomer Lord Eddington, the general leader of this astronomical survey, attended the meeting, there was a sudden silence. His face was full of dust, his voice was low and his speech was short, but even the people furthest away from him in the venue could clearly hear these words, "...the ironclad fact...that light is bent...and Dr. Einstein's calculations" The results are exactly the same..."
The meeting lasted very late, no one left the venue early, and no one even stood up to speak. The bright red carpet and the dim flickering candlelight illuminated the faces of the meditating scholars in bright or dark colors. No one felt hungry, no one felt tired, and what was even worse was that the staff seemed to be influenced by the physicist style and was so careless that they even forgot to serve dinner. But people didn't care about this at all. From the old academics with mottled gray hair to the energetic newcomers, they were all thinking silently and getting excited.
Whether they are in favor or against, they all know that this is indeed an important day. Not only did a generation of giants in twentieth-century physics rise, but it was he, Einstein, who personally wielded the mallet and transformed the world of physics. The first cracks opened in the edifice of classical physics that Newton had painstakingly built and had been completed for a hundred years.
Was Newton wrong too? Is physics in chaos? Is this the end? Oh, Isaac Newton, the god in our hearts, we are all your loyal followers, how will you instruct us? People have turned their attention to the huge portrait of Newton in the center of the hall.
Newton didn't speak, he just smiled enigmatically.
In London, the influential "The Times" headline the next day was "Light is bent, Newton's myth is shattered", praising Einstein as the greatest physicist after Newton Scientist, he corrected human beings' view of time and space, expanded human thinking world, and asserted that the influence of his theory of relativity would not be limited to the twentieth century.
Soon, everyone from the vendors wandering the streets of London to the dark-faced coal workers were vaguely aware of the earth-shattering things that had recently happened in the scientific world. As for the impact on other people, they were still unable to comprehend it for a while. After all, it was still a long twenty-six years before the birth of the atomic bomb, one of the by-products of the theory of relativity.
On the other side of the Atlantic in New York, the New York Times, which is accustomed to sensationalism, ran the headline "Revolution breaks out in Russia", but then wrote a larger headline: "Einstein's Triumph", "The stars are not where they should be, but there seems to be no need to worry." According to their reports, the public has begun to doubt the correctness of the multiplication tables, and students have begun to refuse to do geometry problems. It is also said that love When Einstein delivered his work to his publisher, he warned that there was only one person in the world who understood the theory of relativity, but the publisher was willing to take the risk.
In Paris, "relativity" immediately became the most fashionable word in the salon. The graceful female aristocrat can caress the pug in her arms while chatting happily with her girlfriends about the "theory of relativity" as if they were talking about the opera that was just performed last night. They don't need paper and pen.
In Berlin, when the official agencies were struggling with whether to publicize this legendary scientist who was not a German but a Jew, people in the beer halls on the streets were talking mysteriously and excitedly about Ein. Stein and his theory of relativity. Yes, there hasn't been such an exciting topic for a long time since World War I ended with Germany's defeat. It is rare for a German to be respected by a victorious country. Overnight, even elementary school students were writing Einstein's famous formulas into their exercise books.
The smoke of World War I had just cleared. After the revelry or mourning, people inspired by nationalism discovered that nothing was left of the vigorous World War except large-caliber heavy artillery, Zeppelin airships, devastated buildings and millions of relatives serving as cannon fodder. Reason finally returned to people's calmness, and science was once again placed in the supreme position.
No matter how you say it, Einstein was at the height of his powers.
As soon as the streetcar stopped, a middle-aged man wearing a brown trench coat and messy hair got off. On the tram just now, the alert conductor almost thought he was a thief, because he rarely saw such a person with a tie around his neck and slippers on his feet. But if he knew that this was the famous Professor Einstein, he would be so surprised that he could not speak. Mr. Einstein had just received the news that the general theory of relativity had been confirmed from a telegram from his friend Professor Lorenz. He just smiled slightly. Naturally, everything was as expected.
He was in a good mood after all. He hummed Schubert's serenade as he walked, but his voice became quieter after a while. Einstein, the famous wise man in history, once again shook his huge head and fell into deep thought. What was he thinking...
Albert Einstein was born on the year, month and day of the year. Ulm is a quiet town in southern Germany. Like Newton, there was nothing unusual about the childhood of the man destined to shake the world.
Although his father Hermann Einstein was a businessman, his talent in mathematics displayed in school when he was young was obvious to all. His mother Elsa was a music lover and often recited Schiller's poems loudly at family gatherings. With his father's mathematical talent and his mother's artistic talent, it stands to reason that little Einstein should be exceptionally smart. However, the child was born so taciturn that his worried mother once wondered whether he had an intellectual disability.
But when his mother played the piano, little Einstein would tilt his head and listen. His blue eyes looked very deep, and the child obviously understood. This is beauty. Perhaps the harmonious beauty of nature that he pursued throughout his life originated from this.
Einstein soon discovered that the small town environment was not suitable for him. With its winding and narrow streets, solemn Gothic churches, and majestic forts, this place seems more suitable for cultivating a group of passionate Germanic warriors than for thinkers like him who regard freedom as life. In grand military parades, the Prussian officers' rigid military orders and the soldiers' monotonous steps often become the objects of imitation by children. At this time, poor Einstein nervously grabbed the adult's hand and wanted to go home. Bugles and bayonets were things he had hated all his life.
The situation at school seems not to be much better. He was a Jew, and Europe had a long history of anti-Semitism.
The surrounding classmates intentionally or unintentionally hurt him, making little Einstein even more withdrawn. The teachers did not notice him huddled in a corner of the classroom. In the teachers' opinion, children who could not master Latin grammar had no future, and little Einstein always seemed slow when answering questions. They did not understand that this was because Einstein thought much more deeply than his peers.
During this period, something happened that touched Einstein's life.
His father gave little Einstein a compass needle. No matter how he moved the needle, it always pointed in one direction. This is commonplace in the eyes of adults, but it is full of magic in the eyes of children. There must be some mysterious force driving it. How can we find this force? The child struggled with this for some time.
When he entered middle school, he came into contact with geometry for the first time. This is a world full of magic. Various complex theorems in the book are ultimately deduced from a few axioms. Everything is so concise, and the proof process is impeccable. Nature has its own unique beauty of order.
What surprised little Einstein even more was that nature can also deceive people! The conclusions people draw through superficial intuitive experience are often so unreliable. God is not only naughty, but also stingy. He often kicks the truth deeper like a ball and then turns around and makes a face at people. Man's search for truth is like a wrestling with God. "Perhaps our view of the world is fundamentally biased, because it is only based on a few axioms. What if these axioms themselves also have loopholes?" When little Einstein was playing with compasses and set squares, his heart rose. Such thoughts. Of course, he didn't say it, and if he did, it would only cause adults to nervously stretch out their hands to touch his forehead. No one believed that a few years later, this weak child would gently overturn the entire human worldview.
For Einstein, the long-term influence of music gave him a sense of beauty and imagination, deep thinking about common things trained his insight, and the maze-like reasoning of geometric problems made his thinking more rigorous. He is undoubtedly lucky.
However, Einstein still couldn't answer the teacher's questions sharply enough and was looked down upon. He still had to hand over his carefully made but still ugly clay stool and was laughed at by his classmates. Latin text He stuttered when he read, and his arithmetic exam was full of errors due to sloppiness. Throughout his youth, his academic performance was mediocre.
From 1998 to 2010, Einstein studied at the Technical University of Zurich in Switzerland, which was a very peaceful and comfortable place in his life.
Switzerland has been a country for hundreds of years, and its atmosphere of freedom is unparalleled in Europe. Einstein couldn't hear the endless rush of soldiers here. The air was fresh and the sunshine was exceptionally warm. Even the police patrolling the streets walked slowly with smiles in their eyes.
Here, Einstein's freedom and laxity were taken to the extreme. He can wear slippers in and out of the classroom, stay in the laboratory unkempt all day, discuss freely with his classmates, and not go to classes he doesn't like. He even ignored important subjects like mathematics. In his view at that time, the physical world was simple and beautiful, God only favored , , , , ..., and mathematics only increased formal complexity. This even affected his research work many years later.
From today’s perspective, both mathematics and physics were far from fully developed at that time. It was not until the end of the twentieth century that we discovered that mathematics and physics were increasingly intertwined. Where before physics simply looked for tools from mathematics, now even physics can lead to breakthroughs in mathematics.
I remember that in a report, Dr. Lee Tsung-dao, the Nobel Prize winner in physics, stretched out his hands and said: "Physics and mathematics are like two leaves on a branch."
But generally speaking, people who are extremely insightful and have the temperament of a philosopher are not necessarily qualified for detailed, precise, and highly logical mathematical reasoning work.
No one has ever been able to have the best of both worlds, neither Newton nor Einstein.
What's more important is that Einstein discovered that the branches of mathematics in front of him were complicated, including number theory, geometry, topology, etc., and any one of them would consume a lifetime of energy. The situation is like that of Buridan's donkey. The poor donkey couldn't choose which pile to eat because the two piles of straw placed in front of it were equally thick, and eventually starved to death.
However, Einstein would soon pay the price for his choice. Before the exam, he stared at his scattered notes in a daze.
Fortunately, his old friend Mr. Grossman was the opposite of Einstein in every aspect. His notes were as neat and meticulous as his own. When Einstein discovered that he lacked knowledge of geometry when developing the general theory of relativity and asked Grossman, who was already a professor of mathematics at the time, for help, it was already more than ten years later.
Einstein used Grossmann's notes to sloppily pass the exam, but this did not change the teacher's opinion of him. In the eyes of professors, he is extremely lazy and has an eccentric personality, and he is the only student who greets professors with "hey". This is why, although Einstein was extremely smart, he was ignorant of the world and was as naive as a child.
His mathematics teacher Minkowski saw Einstein running out of the laboratory disheveled and stopped him:
"Einstein, you may be a smart man. , but you are definitely not suitable for physics, why don't you try other careers, such as medicine or law?"
"Maybe," Einstein replied calmly.
Just a few years later, when Minkovsky became famous for his "not hard-working" student's special theory of relativity, a reporter asked inappropriately:
< p>"Mr. Professor, why did you declare that Einstein was not suitable for physics work?""He was too lazy, at least at that time." The professor shrugged.
Unfortunately, Mr. Minkowski fell seriously ill soon after. Before his death, he lamented: It is a pity to die when the theory of relativity was just born.
It cannot be said that Einstein was doing nothing in the past few years. He spent most of his energy in the laboratory. At that time, physicists all over the world were struggling to find the ether. He also designed several Experiments, it was obvious, crude conditions and non-existent aether made his efforts futile.
He also often goes to a cafe called "Metropolis" with his friends. They often discussed philosophical topics here, and one classmate introduced Mach's work "Mechanics" to him. Mach was the first person to attack Newton's classical mechanics. He sharply attacked Newton's concepts of absolute space and absolute time.
Einstein felt like he had found a treasure and immediately took it back and read it all night long. Mach's thoughts are like stars in the dark night. Space is absolute and time is absolute. Since they are both absolute and isolated, how can we feel the existence of time and space?
The night is very late, and the lights in Einstein's room are still flickering. This giant of thought has begun to sharpen his unparalleled sword again.
When Einstein walked out of school, he tragically found that he was unemployed immediately after graduation, and his father's company in Italy also went bankrupt, and he could not help at all. He tried hard to apply to teach at the Zurich Institute of Technology, but the superior professors rejected him indifferently. No one likes a deviant fighter.
It is quite chilly in Switzerland in the autumn evening. Our Mr. Einstein is wearing a dark windbreaker and holds all his belongings in the old suitcase in his hand. The cool breeze is blowing his unruly hair, quietly. Walking quietly on the long street, the street lights cast slanting shadows.
It was so quiet. In fact, Einstein spent his entire life in this kind of silence, not only in the external environment, but also deep in his heart. Whether he was impoverished in Geneva, world-famous in Berlin, or unapplauded at Princeton, the feeling of loneliness was always with him.
Later he repeatedly said that his most hoped-for career was to guard a lighthouse. A bright light on the turbulent and dark sea not only guided the ship, but also illuminated his own heart. It was more like a lighthouse. There is a prayer room where you can quietly listen to God’s instructions. He was not even willing to accept the salary he received as a professor, preferring to study physics as a hobby. It seems that he was obviously influenced by the great medieval philosopher Spinoza. This sage's official occupation was grinding lenses in a remote eye shop in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
But now I am really worried, with my rumbling hunger, my wife’s anxious eyes, and the child in her belly...
A broken newspaper was blown towards me, love. Einstein glanced listlessly, and there was a recruitment notice printed on it: "The Bern Patent Office is recruiting second-level engineers. They must have higher education and be proficient in mechanical engineering or physics..."
Einstein's eyes lit up. .
Soon the staff of the Bern Patent Office welcomed a new colleague, who seemed to be particularly busy. Not only did he work very hard, he would often line up with his wife to buy bread, or push a stroller around the park, and secretly write and draw on paper while at work. Fortunately, his superiors had no idea how quickly the young patent examiner completed his task, otherwise his poor performance would have been revealed soon.
It was already 20 years ago, and Einstein was 20 years old. At that time, the physics community that he had been away from for a long time was in greater chaos. The experiment to find ether failed completely, and some physicists proposed various explanations. For example, Irish physicist Fitzgerald proposed that moving objects may become shorter due to compression by the ether wind, but this has been refuted by more people. Not only that, a few years ago, R?ntgen's discovery of rays made people aware of a more basic structure inside matter, and the quantum theory proposed by Planck in 2008 has also opened a new chapter in physics, but it was not available at the time. People just realize it. In any case, it is most appropriate to describe the situation at that time as "the storm is about to come and the wind fills the building."
However, Einstein was in a very closed state academically. He had no opportunity to listen to reports or participate in seminars at the academy. The only people who frequently interacted with him were some folk physics enthusiasts. But this did not stop him from reaching the pinnacle of physics.
He has been thinking hard about the "mystery of ether", and the path he takes is different from everyone else's. When he was in middle school, he once admired Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. This is not because it solves many practical problems, such as leading to the discovery of electromagnetic waves. What Einstein valued was the perfect symmetry of the formula itself, but obviously this covariance conflicts with Newton's classical theory.
For example, according to the perspective of Newtonian mechanics, if a person stands on a car with a speed of Speed ??is plus equals. Anyone with a passing knowledge of physics will come to this conclusion. However, we know that light is also a kind of electromagnetic wave, and its speed in a vacuum is. If the person standing in the car is holding a flashlight, then what is the speed of light from the perspective of the person on the ground? Or is it accelerating? Up? Can it be simply superimposed?
If you catch up with a beam of light at a speed of , what will you see? Will you see the light wave shaking in place?
Einstein took an adventure. He would rather give up the experience that people are accustomed to in order to start from the purely aesthetic point of view of symmetry. He also believes in God, but he does not believe in the God who controls human destiny with one hand, but in the God who is manifested in the order and harmony of all things.
We call it an adventure because just a few decades later, two young people studying in the United States proposed "in the weak interaction" while studying the "mystery" of elementary particles. The "parity non-conservation" theory, simply put, is the destruction of symmetry, which caused an uproar at the time. According to the explanation of ordinary Americans, they overturned Einstein's theory of relativity. In fact, it is not the theory of relativity that has been overturned, but the beautiful illusion that people have had about nature since ancient Greek civilization. It seems that countless physicists have worked hard to finally and tremblingly lift the veil on the head of God, the lover of their dreams, but they are disappointed to see the face of an old woman with pits and pits.
These two young people who are worthy of the pride of all mankind are Chinese. One of them is Li Zhengdao and the other is Yang Zhenning.
Major changes in concepts undoubtedly cause a lot of trouble, especially for the founders of new concepts. Soon Einstein's mind was filled with things like ether, quantum, time, and space, so much so that he often became distracted when feeding his child, little Hans, with a bottle. The logical confusion made Einstein even more confused.
He returned home tiredly from the office, his mind spinning. However, based on intuition, Einstein gradually determined that there was a very common experience at work. What was it? The more he thought about it, the more sleepy he became, and his eyes were slowly closing. At this time, his wife Mileva called from the kitchen, "Albert, it's time to eat, why don't you clear the table quickly?"
"Time!?" Like a meteor passing through his mind, Einstein almost jumped off his chair. He hurriedly opened Newton's "Philosophical Principles of Natural Science".
In the above, Newton wrote in a conclusive tone:
"Absolute space, by its nature, has nothing to do with anything in the outside world. It is always the same and motionless."
"Absolute, real mathematical time itself flows uniformly by its nature and has nothing to do with anything in the outside world."
"When the coordinates of the motion system and the stationary system are transformed, obviously, time is Unchanged."
It can't be like this, it must not be like this. Einstein buried his head while pacing, and the time that a person in a moving car saw was the same. People who are stationary on the ground may not see the same time. Hey, there is no absolute space and absolute time at all. In this case, we are searching for the ether and deliberately trying to measure the speed of the earth relative to absolute space, all in vain. It’s not that ether can’t be found, it just doesn’t exist at all! !
Within one month, the little-known Einstein published four papers to Germany's most prestigious magazine, "Annals of Physics." He picked out the lightest article, which was about determining the size of atoms through the diffusion and internal friction of dilute solutions of neutral substances, and sent it to his alma mater, the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, and obtained his doctorate effortlessly. Another article is about the study of Brownian motion of suspended particles, which also opens up a new direction.
The third article is the famous photoelectric effect. The theory of light quanta was proposed for the first time in history. It was of great significance in the development of quantum mechanics, which together with the theory of relativity were the two cornerstones of twentieth-century physics. A few years later This alone, not relativity, won the Nobel Prize in Physics. In fact, judging from Einstein's contribution, he could have been on the Nobel Prize podium five times in his life. The quantum theory of light; the special theory of relativity; the general theory of relativity; the Bose-Einstein condensate in statistical physics; and the theoretical work on lasers that we are familiar with are also attributed to him.
The fourth paper has a very simple name, "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Objects". However, anyone who is familiar with the history of physics knows that this is a shocking article, which announced the birth of the special theory of relativity. In this article, Einstein did not show off his dazzling mathematical skills. Plainness and profoundness were the consistent style of Einstein's papers. Understanding it does not require advanced mathematical knowledge, but it requires revolutionary ideas and the courage to break with daily experience, especially at that time.
The hypothesis put forward by Einstein is very simple. First, we cannot determine whether a relatively stationary object is at rest or moving at a constant speed. Because absolutely static space no longer exists, and all stillness is relative. Second, the speed of light in a vacuum is always constant and unsurpassable. It has nothing to do with the speed of the light source. That is, for a person standing on the ground, the speed of the light emitted by the car and the light emitted by the rocket flying at the speed of light (of course impossible) are the same, both are .
The first strange conclusion drawn from these two assumptions is: the so-called "simultaneity" is relative! Suppose we are standing on the ground and an airplane flies past us at a constant speed. From the perspective of people on the ground, the person on our right waved "at the same time" as the person on our left bent down, but people on the plane definitely didn't think so. They thought the person on our right waved first, and the person on our left waved first. The person bends over. On the contrary, people on the plane believed that the stewardess at the front of the plane accidentally broke a saucer "at the same time" as a passenger at the tail of the plane lit a cigarette, while people on the ground unanimously said that the saucer fell to the ground first and then the cigarette was broken. Light.
Absurd? I advise you not to bring a stopwatch on the plane to verify the authenticity, because the time difference between "simultaneous" events in the eyes of another group of people is one millionth of a second, and you do not have the ability to react. And this is because even though the speed of the aircraft reaches several hundred meters per second, it is still far behind the speed of light. But this is not bad, at least when you say "these two things happened at the same time", you don't have to add complicated adverbials such as "in the eyes of a relatively static group of us".
In order to better explain the special theory of relativity, Einstein designed a famous thought experiment. The so-called thought experiments are imaginary experiments conducted under conditions that cannot be realized in laboratories on earth, because since the beginning of the 20th century, people have almost exhausted their research on matter in its normal state, and they often study low temperatures of absolute zero or hundreds of millions of Degrees of high temperature, movement at speeds close to the speed of light, or space one ten thousandth of a meter long. This was a familiar path for Einstein, a master of thought, and it soon became a weapon for him to attack or defend academically.
Einstein hypothesized this: "The observer stands on the edge of the railway, there is a point in the direction of the train, and a point at the same distance in the opposite direction of motion, lightning at a certain moment and at the same time, observing The observer naturally concluded that the two flash points flashed at the same time, because the propagation speed of light remained unchanged, and he happened to be standing in the center of the two flash points."
"Suppose there is a train following the lightning. Movement in point-to-point direction. At the moment of two flashes of lightning, the observer in the train is exactly opposite to the observer on the ground, but moving towards the flash point and away from the flash point. Naturally, he sees the flash ratio of the point. It was early, but he knew that he was in motion. Based on the speed of his movement, it was easy to conclude that the two lights happened at the same time."
But based on the previous two basic assumptions, the same is true. It can be imagined that the train is stationary and the ground is moving backward. Therefore, the observer on the train sees the flashes of light one after the other, and he concludes that one point shines earlier than the other. He also knew that his position was between the two flashes, and since he thought he was stationary, he had to conclude that the first flash he saw was earlier than the next he saw. ”
What’s interesting is that the observer on the ground cannot disagree with this conclusion. He did see two flashes occurring at the same time. But since he is now assumed to be moving. When he considers the speed of light And the fact that he is moving towards the shining point also leads to the conclusion that the flash is earlier than the flash point.
In short, we cannot say yes or no to the question of whether lightning occurs at the same time. , but to answer based on the selected reference system.
You may have been confused, but further derivation will lead to unexpected conclusions, such as "foot shrinkage effect" and "clock." "Slow down effect", "Quality increase effect".
The "ruler shrinkage effect" means that there is a ruler in front of you. When it moves relative to you, you will find that its length shortens.
The "clock slowing effect" means that the clock will slow down in the moving reference frame. For example, there are two people holding the clock on the ground and on the plane. At this time, an egg falls on the floor of the cabin. From the moment the egg is released, the people on the plane and on the ground start timing at the same time, and it ends when it hits the ground. The result is that the time measured by the person on the ground is longer. In other words, from the perspective of the person who is stationary on the ground, it is in motion. The time of objects in the state slows down. In fact, the principle of the "clock slowing effect" is very simple: if you fly in a light-speed rocket and shoot a laser beam, then a person standing still in space should see the light traveling twice as fast. The speed of light travels, and in fact the speed of light remains constant in all reference systems, that is, according to, as it becomes larger and remains unchanged, it becomes smaller, that is, time slows down.
The "mass increase effect". It refers to the increase in the mass of an object in motion. For example, if a basket of eggs weighs one kilogram, if it flies fast enough, if we weigh it at rest on the ground, it will fly faster. It will bend the largest scale on earth, but it will never reach the speed of light. Not only eggs, the speed of any material with mass will never reach the speed of light, because according to Einstein's mass-energy formula (this will be discussed later). As mentioned in the article), when an object moves faster, the energy increases, and the mass also increases. As an object approaches the speed of light, its mass rises faster and faster, and it requires more and more energy to go further. Accelerate up. In fact, it can never reach the speed of light, because then the mass will become infinite, which requires infinite energy. The reason why its speed can reach the limit is light itself. There is no mass when it is at rest. Of course, it is obviously absurd if you infer that the smaller the mass, the faster it will run. It is for this reason that the theory of relativity restricts any normal object to always move at a speed lower than the speed of light. , only light or other massless waves can move at the speed of light, which leads to the eventual production of light cones.