The role of stimulating economic growth is obvious.
Nuclear power construction has the advantages of large investment, long construction time, high technology content and involving many industries, which has a strong pulling effect on national economic construction.
20 1 1 year, the total power generation of nuclear power in China reaches 87.4 billion kwh, accounting for 1.9% of the total power generation in China. The output value (sales revenue) of nuclear power production and operation is about 37.5 billion yuan, the total output is about 83.2 billion yuan and the GDP is about 44.2 billion yuan. Assuming that by 2020, the installed capacity of nuclear power will reach 65 million kilowatts and 35 million kilowatts will be under construction, the production and operation output of nuclear power in China in 2020 will be about 654.38+994 million yuan, the total output will be 442.3 billion yuan, and the GDP will be about 235.65438+0 billion yuan.
By the end of 20 1 1, Chinese mainland had 26 nuclear power units under construction, with a total installed capacity of 29.24 million kilowatts, ranking first in the world. According to the current development trend of nuclear power in China, according to the investment of 29.4 billion yuan to build a 2 million kilowatt nuclear power plant (taking Ling 'ao Phase II as a reference power station, the price of two 65.438+0 million kilowatts is 28.5 billion yuan, the first charge of 65.438+0/3 is 900 million yuan, and * * 29.4 billion yuan), it is assumed that the nuclear power plant will be under construction by 2020. Then an average annual investment of 610.5 million kilowatts is needed, with an investment of 90.6 billion yuan, boosting the total output of 275.4 billion yuan and GDP of 93.4 billion yuan, which can increase the economic growth rate by more than 0.3 percentage points.
Developing nuclear power can bring dynamic effect to local economic development. A nuclear power plant with an installed capacity of 5 million kilowatts has a total investment of 65 billion yuan. According to the calculation of 7800 hours, after the planned installation and production, the annual power generation is about 39 billion kWh, and the income from electricity sales is nearly 20 billion yuan. During the construction of nuclear power plants, the construction safety tax will be increased by about 50 million yuan every year, and the direct tax will be increased by 3 billion yuan every year after the completion. In addition, nuclear power projects can attract many investors to seize the local real estate market, promote the development of construction industry, improve local traffic conditions and improve urban infrastructure; Improve the city's popularity, increase tourism income and improve the level of urban consumption; There are about 3,000 full-time employees in the operation and management of nuclear power plants, about 9,000 drivers, security guards, cleaning and logistics personnel are employed in the station (calculated by 1:3), and the supporting employees of nuclear power plants around the plant area are not less than 1 10,000; Drive the development of nuclear power supporting industrial systems such as investment supporting pumped storage power stations.
Under the current background, on the basis of ensuring safety, steadily promoting nuclear power construction will create hundreds of billions of yuan of GDP every year, which is of great significance to achieving the goal of maintaining steady and rapid economic growth at the national and local levels.
Promote the transformation and upgrading of the industrial system
Nuclear power industry is a modern high-tech intensive national strategic industry. Its development not only greatly improves the capability of independent innovation, but also expands the industrial scale of China in high-tech fields such as nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear power equipment and nuclear technology application. At the same time, it has effectively promoted the overall development of China's high-tech industries (involving materials, electromechanical, electronics, instrumentation, metallurgy, chemical industry and construction), and advanced nuclear technology can realize the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.
According to the calculation of the State Council Development Research Center, according to the current development trend of China's nuclear power, the annual investment is 87 billion yuan, and the output growth of important related industries is about 27.2 billion yuan for construction industry, 20.8 billion yuan for general and special equipment manufacturing industry, 1.8 1.54 billion yuan for metal smelting and rolling processing industry, 1.63 billion yuan for comprehensive technical service industry. The chemical industry was 654.38+0.54 billion yuan, the financial and insurance industry was 654.38+0.54 billion yuan, the electrical, mechanical and equipment manufacturing industry was 654.38+0.27 billion yuan, and the petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industries were 654.38+0.08 billion yuan.
In recent years, China has made important achievements in the field of nuclear fuel research and production, and maintained a complete nuclear fuel industrial system: the workload index of domestic uranium geological drilling plan has been greatly improved, the exploration results of mineral deposits have been remarkable, and the development of overseas uranium resources has been accelerated; A number of uranium conversion, purification and enrichment projects started construction, which improved the production capacity of nuclear fuel and ensured the safety of fuel supply; Have basically mastered the independent design, construction and operation ability of spent fuel reprocessing in reprocessing power reactors.
At present, the pace of introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation of the third generation nuclear power is accelerating; The demonstration project of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor with independent intellectual property rights has the starting conditions; Important progress has been made in the design of independent advanced PWR nuclear power units (ACP 1000, ACP 1000, etc.). ); China experimental fast reactor has realized independent research, independent design, independent construction, independent operation and independent management. In addition, it has been expanding in the fields of fast reactor, advanced research reactor, nuclear military industry, nuclear technology application and controlled nuclear fusion, and has high scientific and technological research and development strength.
Relying on nuclear power projects, the localization and autonomy of nuclear power equipment manufacturing are constantly advancing, which is of great significance for promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, cultivating and enhancing the ability of independent innovation, and transforming the mode of industrial development.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, nuclear power equipment manufacturing and key technologies were included in the national major equipment localization plan, the nuclear power equipment manufacturing industry increased its technological transformation and upgrading and investment, and the nuclear power key equipment manufacturing made a breakthrough. The average localization rate of the second generation of improved units under construction is 68%. Moreover, China has a strong production capacity of key equipment, and the supply capacity of complete sets of nuclear power equipment has been rapidly improved, initially forming an annual supply capacity of about 8 sets of major nuclear power equipment for million-kilowatt PWR. It is predicted that by improving China's own manufacturing equipment capacity, accumulating manufacturing process experience and strengthening technical research, China will be able to form a stable supply capacity of complete sets of third-generation nuclear power equipment by the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and the goal of equipment autonomy can basically be achieved.
In addition, nuclear power involves the technological development in the industrial field, which basically represents the most complex and cutting-edge technologies in many industries, such as metallurgy, materials, machinery and electronic instruments. There are very high requirements for the development and design, smelting, casting, heat treatment, precision manufacturing and other production processes, thus driving the technological upgrading of these industries.
Strong national defense to maintain nuclear deterrence
Developing nuclear power is an important support for maintaining and improving the strength of China's nuclear industry, stabilizing and expanding the ranks of nuclear science and technology talents, and an important way to build China's strong national defense, further enhance its status as a nuclear power, and peacefully build a modern and powerful country. It is also an important strategic measure to promote modernization, take the road of strengthening the country and enhance the comprehensive national strength.
Nuclear science and technology have typical dual-use characteristics. Nuclear power is not only an important part of civil energy development and utilization, but also can be used for military nuclear-powered ships; Nuclear fuel cycle technology can not only provide fuel for civil reactors, but also provide charging for nuclear weapons. Advanced nuclear power, nuclear fuel, nuclear safety and radiation protection technology, nuclear measurement and control, high-end equipment manufacturing, special materials and other technologies can be used for the development and production of military nuclear-powered ships, aerospace aircraft nuclear power sources and nuclear strategic and tactical weapons and equipment. Nuclear power industry is an important part of national nuclear power capacity. The key technologies in the design, manufacture, construction and operation of nuclear power plants are often more difficult and demanding than military reactors. By vigorously developing the nuclear power industry, we can promote the vigorous promotion of nuclear technology and enrich and improve the national defense security capabilities.
At present, the development of civilian nuclear power is still an important consideration for the world's nuclear powers to maintain their nuclear deterrent capability. Since the 1950s, the United States, the former Soviet Union and other big countries have been actively developing new concepts of military nuclear power, such as ship nuclear power, space laser weapon nuclear power supply, military vehicle-mounted mobile nuclear power supply, torpedo and rocket nuclear power propulsion device, and at the same time vigorously developing civilian nuclear power as an important means to maintain nuclear deterrence. At present, Russia still has a large-scale nuclear power construction plan. After the Obama administration took office, the US nuclear power policy became clearer and more active.
"going out" to enhance international competitiveness
The Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the requirements of "strengthening the construction of modern energy industry" and "developing nuclear power efficiently on the basis of ensuring safety", demanding to actively change the development mode, realize the sound, rapid and safe development of China's nuclear power industry, accelerate scientific and technological progress and innovation, build a nuclear power brand with independent intellectual property rights, form a strong late-comer competitiveness as soon as possible, go abroad, occupy a place in the commanding heights and market of nuclear power technology in the world, and realize the transformation from a nuclear power country to a nuclear power country.
First of all, the export of nuclear power technology and products will play a unique role in enhancing China's competitiveness in the world economic market. Provide support to help countries wishing to develop nuclear power build necessary infrastructure, including establishing legal and regulatory framework, conducting training, helping them cultivate their own nuclear talents, helping them understand various nuclear technologies, promoting and supporting the financing of new nuclear power plants, or taking the export of nuclear power projects as an important way of economic assistance to meet the energy and economic development needs of these countries. To gain the recognition of the people in the host countries and the trust of the government, enhance China's influence in these countries and strengthen the cooperative ties of interest integration.
Secondly, through the development of overseas nuclear power market, we can adjust the industrial structure and optimize the allocation of resources in a broader space. With high-end, intensive nuclear power technology, products and services, we can truly enter the high value-added link of the world industrial structure, enhance China's role in the international industrial division of labor, and share more benefits of economic globalization.
Third, the cost of nuclear power projects is high. The development of overseas nuclear power market will greatly promote China's foreign direct investment, financing and export, which are two important engines of China's economic growth. At the same time, the "going out" project of nuclear power, as a large-scale foreign investment project, will further balance China's international capital surplus.
Finally, the export of nuclear power is conducive to cultivating a number of large multinational enterprises with international competitiveness and upgrading the technical level of China's nuclear power industry chain. Powerful nuclear power-related enterprises in China can use the industrial structure adjustment of multinational companies to develop their own brands, participate in overseas nuclear power market development and project construction, and learn to improve their technical ability and level in R&D, design, manufacturing and construction in the process of competition and cooperation.