The 20th century is a century of great human progress. The progress of science and technology has promoted the development of society, especially some major inventions, which have had an important impact on human life. Although some inventions appeared at the end of last century, they were popularized and applied in the 20th century.
● Stainless steel: It has long been known that steel is easy to rust and corrode. Therefore, stainless steel 1903 to 19 12 became an outstanding industrial metal, and then gradually became a daily necessities. "
● Air conditioning: It was invented by W Carrier in the United States at 19 1 1 to control temperature and humidity.
● aspirin: synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid by felix hoffman 1897. Two years later, it was commercialized and registered as aspirin. A century later, it became a popular drug.
● Cars: There were cars in the streets at the beginning of this century, but the automobile series products were created in the 20th century, and the invention of 190 1 year Mercedes-Benz was the most important.
● Aircraft: 1903, the first aircraft powered by machinery was successfully launched, and there was an aircraft from then on. The first regular air route was opened.
● Light bulb: Although it has been invented for a long time, after 19 13 tungsten wire was patented, a large number of light bulbs were used.
● Pocket calculator: The first pocket calculator came out in Texas in 1973.
● Silicon wafer: Since jack kilby invented the silicon wafer in 1958, this exquisite silicon wafer-micro-silicon wafer has been used to make integrated circuits-the key elements for the operation of electronic devices.
● Movies: The starting point for movies to become popular entertainment is1895 65438+February 28th. The earliest popular sound film Jazz Singer was released in new york in June 1927 and June 10. The first color feature film "The City of Vanity" was released simultaneously in Britain and America on 1935. The first widescreen movie was made in 1953.
● Electrocardiogram: It was first used in 1903 to record the current generated by myocardial contraction. Electrocardiogram can measure arrhythmia and prevent possible fatal accidents.
● Fax: It is one of the most popular applications of photoelectric effect. The first transmission was 1902 and 1926 for commercial use.
● Optical fiber: 1970, an optical fiber made of very transparent glass was invented to transmit optical information, which is called optical fiber communication.
● Photocopier: Although 1907 was located in Cotton City, new york, USA, it was not widely used until 1959 when the electrostatic copier was invented and Xerox 9 14 copier was put on the market.
● Color photography: The principle of color photography was invented in the last century, but it was not until the 1940s that the first batch of color films were sold.
● Microwave oven: It was first sold in the United States at 1953, and became popular at 1980, making it possible for people to heat food in a few minutes. The earliest name of microwave oven is "popcorn and hot mass heater", and its inventor is Percy Spencer of the United States.
● Genetic engineering: Since the late 1960s, DNA recombination technology has been developed. The genetic material in one biological cell is taken out, processed in vitro, and then introduced into the living cell of another organism, so that this cell presents corresponding characteristics. Also known as genetic engineering.
● Insecticide: DDT insecticide was born in 194 1 and is used to control cotton bollworm, mosquitoes and flies.
● IVF: The first IVF bred by artificial insemination in the laboratory was born in 1978.
● Insulin: produced by Langerhans Island secretory cells, separated by 1923 and synthesized by 1964, which has become a more effective drug for treating diabetes.
● Internet: It is the largest computer network in the world, which is composed of many interconnected networks and is widely used at present.
● Laser: The first laser was invented in 1960, and has been widely used in microsurgery, detection, industry, flood control and military affairs. For example, in the 1970s, laser discs (CDs) with laser beams instead of gem needles began to enter people's lives. Subsequently, laser discs (LD, VCD) and CD ROM became very popular, and a new generation of laser discs (DVD) appeared in recent years.
● Washing machine: the invention of this century. The first washing machine was made in 190 1 year and was widely used in the 1940s.
● Contact lenses: Since the invention of glasses in the Middle Ages, there has been no great progress until 1945 invented hard contact lenses and 1964 invented soft contact lenses.
● Heart recorder: invented by Oksenning 1958 in Sweden, first applied in 1960s. Since then, many lives have been saved.
● Subway: The first subway was built in London in 1863, which has been greatly developed around the world in this century.
● Refrigerator: The world's first household refrigerator was made in Chicago, USA in 19 13.
● Electronic computer: It was developed in World War II, when the British tried to decipher Nazi codes. 1943 made the first electronic computer similar to today's.
● Penicillin: also known as penicillin. An antibiotic, first developed by Fleming in London in 1929, was applied to soldiers injured in World War II in 194 1 year.
● Contraceptive pill: Considering the overpopulation in the world and the need to control the birth rate, 1954 developed the contraceptive pill.
● Plastics: Polyester, polyethylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride did not exist before this century. All these plastics began to appear after Baekeland invented the manufacturing method of phenolic plastics in 1909. On May 20th, 1940, Time magazine called Baekeland "the father of plastics".
● Radar: the key equipment for navigation and aviation. From 1935, direction, distance, size, etc. Use extremely short radio waves to detect distant or invisible targets.
● Radio: Italian Marconi successfully conducted the first radio communication in 190 1 year. Transistor radio was invented in 1948.
● Radiology: X-rays began to be used in medical treatment before this century 10, and they have been used since 1895.
● Radio telescope: Although it has not been widely used in daily life, it has made great contributions to science since the invention of 1932.
● Radiotherapy: French physicist H Bekkerel discovered radiation in 1896. After that, he studied the characteristics of radioactive compounds and realized the artificial acquisition of radiation. Later, people used radiation to treat malignant tumors and other diseases.
● Nuclear energy: 1939 realized the utilization of nuclear energy, and 1956 was used for power generation.
● Watches: inventions that have been changed many times in history. 1904 made a watch that was comfortable to wear.
● Artificial kidney: This hemodialysis device has prolonged the lives of many patients with renal failure. Willem Koff designed the first artificial kidney in 1945.
● Robot: The first robot was put into use in 1983, made by Volkswagen in Wolfsburg, Federal Republic of Germany. Nowadays, robots have entered many industrial fields.
● Sputnik: The first Sputnik was launched by the former Soviet Union on 19571October 4, which opened the space age. Since then, thousands of artificial satellites have been launched into orbit.
● Sulfanilamide: It is the first modern chemotherapy compound. 1935, biologist gerhardt Domagk discovered its antibacterial properties.
● Superconductor: When a material is cooled to a very low temperature, it loses its original resistance. Dutch physicist H Agnes first discovered superconductivity in mercury in 19 1 1 year. 1987 found that ceramic materials have superconductivity under special circumstances.
● Credit card: In the history of money, credit card is the biggest revolution after the emergence of money. The first credit card was issued by American oil company in the 1920s. The first universal credit card was issued in 1950.
● TV: The earliest mountain-cutting TV in China, USA 1927.
● Record player: The phonograph is the predecessor of the record player that has been developed in this century. The first stereo record was made in 1933.
● Blood transfusion: This medical technology was born in 1900 after Karl landsteiner discovered blood type, which made the first safe blood transfusion possible.
● Video recorder: The first professional video recorder appeared in 1956, but the first home video recorder appeared in the early 1970s.