Today, Dr. Cha will discuss the history of automobile development and the "heart" engine of automobile with the riders. First of all, we will take you to understand the history of cars.
First, the Germans invented the car.
1 and 1867, German engineer Otto introduced the world's first reciprocating piston four-stroke engine.
2. 1885, karl benz, a German, bought Otto's patent, installed an internal combustion engine and an accelerator on a three-wheeled carriage, and applied for the patent of the first three-cylinder car with the patent certificate number of 37435 on 1886129, and obtained the invention right of the first car in the world. This day is considered as the birth day of modern cars. Note: Mercedes-Benz No.1 car.
3. 1886, Gottliep Daimler of Germany made the world's first four-wheel vehicle, which should be the originator of our four-wheel vehicle, equipped with 1 and 1 horsepower gasoline engines.
4. 1887 Mercedes-Benz Automobile Company, the originator of automobiles, was established, 1890 Daimler Company was established. Until 1926, Mercedes-Benz Daimler merged into Daimler-Benz and began to produce Mercedes-Benz cars.
Second, Americans developed cars. Although cars originated in Europe, the real development of cars is in the United States.
1, 1896 Henry Ford successfully developed a two-cylinder four-wheeled vehicle, and Ford Motor Company was founded in 1903. In particular, the appearance of Ford Model T has greatly promoted the consumption of the automobile market and started to enter thousands of households.
2. 19 13 years, Ford established the assembly system of automobile production line for the first time, which was the first revolution in the evolutionary history of automobile development and an earth-shattering revolution in the world automobile manufacturing industry, and entered the automobile assembly line production.
Third, the French use technology to promote the development of automobiles.
1, 1769 invented the first steam-driven car.
2. The first electric spark plug, lead-acid battery and two-stroke internal combustion engine were all invented in 1859- 1862.
3. 1888, the French Peugeot automobile company was founded and invented the gear transmission and differential.
Fourth, the British use exquisite cars.
1 and 1769, the Englishman Watt invented the steam engine, which started the first industrial revolution.
2. 1878, Rover Automobile Company was established; 1904, Rolls-Royce Motor Company was established; 19 19, Bentley motor company was established; Then Jaguar, Land Rover, Rover, Rolls-Royce, Bentley, Lotus, Mini, Aston? Many brands such as Martin and vauxhall have been sold, although most of the latter brands have been acquired.
The riders have probably finished understanding the history of cars. Dr. Cha will talk about the power source and engine of the car again.
1, engine power comes from explosion.
The power that the engine can generate actually comes from the "explosive power" in the cylinder. In the combustion chamber of a sealed cylinder, the spark plug ignites a certain proportion of the mixed gas of gasoline and air at a suitable time, which will produce a huge explosive force, while the top of the combustion chamber is fixed, and the huge pressure forces the piston to move downward, which pushes the crankshaft through the connecting rod, and then transmits the power to the driving wheel through a series of mechanisms, and finally pushes the car.
If the "explosion" in the cylinder is more powerful, it is very important to ignite in time, and the spark plug in the cylinder plays the role of "detonation". In fact, the principle of spark plug ignition is somewhat similar to lightning. The spark plug head has a center electrode and a side electrode (corresponding to two ion clouds with opposite polarities), and there is a small gap (called ignition gap) between the two electrodes. After electrifying, it can generate an electric spark as high as 65438+100000 volts, and instantly "detonate" the mixed gas in the cylinder.
2. The intake valve is larger than the exhaust valve.
In order to keep the "explosion" in the cylinder, it is necessary to continuously input new fuel and exhaust the exhaust gas in time, and the intake and exhaust valves play an important role in this process. The intake valve and exhaust valve are controlled by cams, and the two actions of "opening the door" and "closing the door" are carried out at the right time. Why is the intake valve bigger than the exhaust valve? Generally, air intake is vacuum suction, and air exhaust is extrusion exhaust, so air exhaust is relatively easier than air intake. In order to get more fresh air to participate in combustion, it is necessary to increase the intake valve to get more intake air.