carbohydrate is a kind of polyhydroxy (or ketone), or a substance that can produce these aldehydes and ketones through hydrolysis. According to the hydrolysis of sugar, sugar can be divided into three categories, namely monosaccharide, oligosaccharide and polysaccharide. Monosaccharide is the simplest sugar, which cannot be hydrolyzed into smaller molecules, such as glucose and fructose. Oligosaccharides, also known as oligosaccharides, are formed by dehydration and polycondensation of 3~9 monosaccharide water molecules. Polysaccharides are dehydrated from more than 9 monosaccharide molecules, such as starch and cellulose.
CHO
│ On the left is the structural formula of glucose, while oligosaccharides and polysaccharides are both compounds formed by the dehydration of monosaccharides with glycoside bonds (-O-).
H─C─OH
│
HO─C─H
│
H─C─OH
│
H─C─OH
│
CH2OH