1. Location: Spain has a total area of 505,925 square kilometers, including 499,542 square kilometers of land and 5,240 square kilometers of water, ranking fifth in Europe. It is about 830 kilometers from the northernmost to the southernmost, with the longest east-west direction 1000 kilometers.
Most of the territory is located in Iberian Peninsula, with France and Andorra in the northeast and Portugal in the west. It faces Morocco in Africa across the Strait of Gibraltar. The Bay of Biscay is in the north, the Mediterranean Sea across the sea from Italy is in the east, and the Atlantic Ocean is in the northwest and southwest. ?
2. Topography: The topography of Spain is mainly plateau with mountains in the middle. Mount Murasen is 3718m above sea level, which is the highest point in China. Meseta Plateau in central China is an enclosed plateau surrounded by mountains, accounting for about 3/5 of the national area, with an average elevation of 600-800 meters. In the north, there are Cantabria Mountains and Pyrenees Mountains extending from east to west. The Pyrenees is the boundary mountain between Spain and France, with a total length of more than 430 kilometers and the highest peak above 3000 meters above sea level.
The highest point in Spain is the Sierra Nevada in the south, and the main peak, Mount Murasen, is 3478 meters above sea level and is the roof of Iberian Peninsula.
Because the mountains are close to the coast, the plains are few and narrow, and only the Ebro River Valley in the northeast and the Andalusian Plain in the southwest are relatively wide.
The land below 200m in Spain accounts for 1 1%, 20 1 m to 600m accounts for 3 1%, and 60 1 m to1000m accounts for 39%,1.
Northern mountainous areas: including the Pyrenees and Cantabria.
Central Plateau: Including Cordillera Mountains, Old Castilla Plateau and New Castilla Plateau.
Aragon plain
Mediterranean coastal mountains
Andalusian plain?
3. Hydrology: The main rivers in Spain are Hebraud, Douro, Tahoe, Guadiana and Guadal Keevil.
The longest is the tahoe River, which is1007km long, and the downstream is in Portuguese territory. The Ebro River is 9 10 km long, covering the whole territory and sometimes regarded as the largest river in Spain. Due to the ups and downs of these rivers, only the lower reaches of Gwadar Keevil River can be navigable, and no other rivers can be navigable.
4. Climate: The central plateau of Spain has a continental climate, the northern and northwestern coasts have a maritime temperate climate, and the southern and southeastern parts have a Mediterranean subtropical climate.
Mediterranean climate: Eastern and southern Spain and most of the Canary Islands have subtropical climate.
Inland temperate continental climate: northern Spain is cold in winter (usually with snowfall) and hot in summer.
The temperate maritime climate of the North Atlantic coastal climate: the climate is warm in summer, and the rainfall is mainly concentrated in winter.
Humanities:
1. Population and ethnic groups: Spain has more than 20 ethnic groups. Mainly: Castilians (Spanish), accounting for about 73% of the total population, Catalans (accounting for about 15% of the total population), Galicians (accounting for about 7% of the total population) and Basques (accounting for about 5% of the total population).
2. Economy: Spain is a moderately developed capitalist industrial country, and its economic aggregate ranks fifth in the EU. In the early 1980s, Spain began to implement austerity, adjustment and reform policies, and adopted a series of economic liberalization measures. With 1986 joining the European Union as an opportunity, the economic development reached a climax. In the early 1990s, due to overheating, economic growth slowed down and fell into recession.
Since the mid-1990s, with the macro-control policies adopted by western governments, the economy has started to pick up and maintained steady growth. After Spain became the first country to join the euro zone in May 1998, its economy continued to grow rapidly, and its annual growth rate was higher than the average level of EU countries.
In recent years, affected by the global financial crisis, the financial risks in the western region have increased, the real estate bubble has burst, the unemployment rate has soared, the economy has declined rapidly, and social development is facing severe challenges. 20 12 June, Spain applied to the euro zone for preferential loans not exceeding10 billion euros to help the banking industry.
3. Language: There are four main languages in Spain. Except Spanish, which is the official language of the whole country, the other three are the official languages at the regional level.
4. Religion: Spain belongs to the Christian cultural circle, and many taboos are the same as those in Europe and America. For example, "13" is regarded as an unlucky number, and yellow, purple, black and chrysanthemum are taboo.
5. Customs: Spanish folk customs are unrestrained and enthusiastic, and local people love bullfighting and flamenco. It is also the hometown of guitar. Modern classical guitar originated and flourished in Spain.
On July 3, 2005, Spain became the third country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage.
Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espa? a； English: The Kingdom of Spain, for short, is located in the Iberian Peninsula in southwest Europe, at the junction of Europe and Africa, bordering Portugal in the west, the Bay of Biscay in the north, France and Andorra in the northeast, and Morocco in Africa across the Strait of Gibraltar in the south. Its territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic and Ceuta and Melilla in Africa. The country is a mountainous country with a total area of 505,925 square kilometers and a coastline of about 7,800 kilometers. The number of countries that use Spanish as the official language is the second in the world, second only to English.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Spain