Detection of serum IGE in allergic cough
The in vitro test method based on the serum of allergic patients is called serological test. Other body fluids, such as secretions, exudates and lavage fluid at the inflammatory site, can also be detected by the same experimental method. The main test items are total IgE and specific IgE, namely allergen-specific IgE.
What is total IgE?
IgE, immunoglobulin E, is an immune molecule, which plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type I allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, eczema and acute and chronic urticaria, so it is the first choice for immunological experimental diagnosis of allergic reactions. Total IgE is a specific examination item for allergic diseases. The increase of IgE level suggests that type I allergic disease is more likely, but it can not be used to judge allergens.
Characteristics of IgE
IgE is the lowest immunoglobulin in serum, only one tenth of IgG concentration in serum. IgE is unstable to heat and is the immunoglobulin with the shortest half-life, only 2.8 days. IgE bound to the cell surface has a slightly longer half-life. From 8 days to 14 days, IgE was synthesized by plasma cells in the lamina propria of mucosa where allergens invaded (nasopharynx, bronchus and gastrointestinal tract). Among all kinds of immunoglobulins, IgE has the lowest synthesis rate and the highest decomposition rate. As a cytophilic antibody, the concentration of IgE in fetal cord blood of allergic people may increase. Detection of cord blood IgE concentration can be used to evaluate the possibility of fetal allergy.
IgE detection method
Total IgE is usually detected by ELISA. Because the concentration of serum IgE is very low, the sensitivity of general enzyme immunoassay is not enough to detect serum IgE. At present, biotin-avidin amplification enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is used in the kit for detecting serum IgE in routine laboratory. Different from other immunoglobulins, the IgE concentration units of IgE standards and test results contained in the kit are expressed in u/ml or ku/l instead of Mg/L. ..
Normal value of IgE (reference range):
The serum IgE level is skewed in the normal population, that is, most people are 0 or close to 0, and the higher the IgE level, the fewer people. Therefore, when calculating the average value, the geometric average value should be calculated to reflect its real situation, that is, its distribution can be approximately normal after logarithmic transformation.
The serum IgE level of healthy people is closely related to age, and the IgE level of children and the elderly is lower than that of adults. The serum IgE level of newborns is very low, close to zero. With the increase of age, IgE level is also rising, and it is close to normal level after 5~7 years old. According to the reference range provided by Pharmacia, 1 month < 12KU/L, 1 year.
The serum IgE level of patients with allergic diseases can reach 2000 ~ 8000 ku/L. When the IgE level is higher than 2000KU/L, parasitic infection should be considered.
Sometimes the test results of serum total IgE level are 0 or low in the reference range, which cannot rule out the possibility of allergic diseases, and must be judged by combining clinical manifestations and serum specific IgE test results.
What is specific IgE detection (sIgE)?
The so-called allergen detection does not really detect allergen molecules in blood samples, but indirectly detects specific IgE molecules for a certain allergen. Specific IgE detection is actually to detect allergen-specific IgE, that is, to detect the specific IgE of an allergen in the sample, so as to indirectly judge whether the patient is allergic to an allergen.
Common allergens in the environment include the following categories:
Parasites and microorganisms: all kinds of mites (house dust mites, dermatophagoides farinae, etc. ), various fungi (Penicillium punctatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladosporium, Alternaria, etc. ), cockroaches.
Plant pollen: all kinds of grass pollen (ragweed, humulus, wormwood) and all kinds of tree pollen (mulberry, cypress, phoenix tree, birch, elm, willow, poplar, etc. ).
Animal fur: hair and dander of cats, dogs, horses, pigeons and other animals.
Theoretical support for reducing IgE by Kangminyuan antiallergic probiotic strain
1, the effect of Lactobacillus salivarius on cutaneous anaphylaxis is remarkable, and the paper "Lactobacillus salivarius has a better effect on severe atopic dermatitis in children: a double-blind, randomized, effective and safe human clinical trial" was published, and the publication: Pediatric Dermatology 20 1 1 was published, and the strain obtained the patent for antiallergic invention in China;
2. Lactobacillus Grignard has a significant effect on mucosal allergic reaction, and Lactobacillus Epidermis has a significant effect on children with asthma complicated with allergic rhinitis. The publication number is: Pediatric Pulmonary Science 20 10, and the strain has obtained the patent of China's antiallergic invention;
3. Lactobacillus yoelii has significant effects on both types of allergic reactions, and published papers think that Lactobacillus yoelii can regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines, and then regulate allergic reactions. Publication: FEMS Journal of Microbiology 2007; ;
4. To observe the effect of probiotics on allergic rhinitis caused by dermatophagoides farinae, dermatophagoides farinae or dust: Randomized double-blind trial: Source: Indian Pediatrics; The results of 20 13 showed that the consumption of Lactobacillus salivarius significantly improved the allergic symptoms related to eyes and nose in patients with 8 weeks 12 weeks, and children with allergic rhinitis could reduce the frequency of allergic rhinitis and allergic drug use.
In order to improve the comprehensiveness of immune regulation of allergic patients and solve the different effects of diseases and constitutions, Kangminyuan probiotic uses functional strains screened from nearly 200 blood samples. After taking it, the self-improvement effect reaches over 90%, and the effect is more remarkable than that of single bacteria.