(1) In-situ docking method of vegetables and rootstocks This method is to sow vegetables and rootstocks in the same seedling pot or the same sowing hole, or to cultivate vegetable seedlings and rootstocks elsewhere for grafting, then transplant them together before grafting, and then dock. This grafting method is suitable for a vegetable with difficult rooting and low grafting survival rate, and has been used in a small amount in production at present. (2) Rootstock docking method This method is to dock vegetable scions with seedling pots or rootstocks cultivated in situ. Because the vegetable seedlings of this grafting method should be uprooted from the seedbed and replanted underground after grafting, it is also called off-site vegetable grafting method. Compared with other docking methods, this method is easier to graft. As long as the grafting operation is proper, the grafting survival rate is generally higher under the same conditions.
This grafting method is suitable for a rootstock with difficulty in rooting, and has certain application in production. (3) Rootstock off-ground docking method: firstly, the rootstock seedlings and vegetable seedlings are pulled out of the ground, and after docking, the rootstock seedlings and vegetable seedlings (vegetable seedlings may or may not be planted) are planted in the seedbed, which is suitable for grafting rootstocks that are easy to take root.
According to whether the rootstock seedlings are cut off during grafting, this method can be divided into rootstock transplantation and cutting. Rootstock transplantation docking method is a widely used grafting method at present, which is widely used in grafting cultivation of vegetables such as cucumber, towel gourd and bitter gourd. Rootstock cutting grafting method is rarely used at present because of its high management requirements for grafted seedlings. (4) The tip butt joint method, also known as the single leaf butt joint method, is to cut the growing point of the rootstock together with a cotyledon from the leaf base, and then cut it obliquely downward from one side of the cut cotyledon, so that the vegetable ear is butted with the top cut of the rootstock seedling stem. The specific grafting form is shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 6 topping method of vegetable 1. Rootstock seedlings ii. Scion seedling 3. Embedding of rootstock and scion incision. The top connection mode with fixed interface is far from the ground, and the disease prevention effect is better. In addition, for some rootstocks with hollow stems, this method can also prevent vegetable stems from rooting in the rootstock stems. However, this method removes a cotyledon from the rootstock, the number of leaves is only half of that of other grafting methods, and the nutritional area is reduced, which is not conducive to the survival and vigorous growth of grafted seedlings in the initial stage of grafting. At present, the docking method is mainly used for small-scale grafting of some special vegetables. (5) The upper butting method is also called abdominal butting method (hereinafter referred to as abdominal butting method). This method is to butt the vegetable seedlings in the middle and upper part of the rootstock seedling stem. The specific grafting form is shown in Figure 7.
Fig. 7 abutment method on plants 1. Rootstock seedlings ii. Scion seedling 3. Embedding of rootstock and scion incision. Generally, the grafting part of the upper abutment method of the fixed interface is thick, free from the obstruction of leaves, easy to graft, high in grafting efficiency and good in grafting quality. However, the grafting position of vegetables in this way is close to the ground and is easy to be polluted by soil. For some rootstocks with hollow stems, there is still the danger that vegetable seedlings will take root in the rootstock stems. Therefore, the disease prevention effect of this grafting method is not ideal, and it is mainly suitable for the situation of rootstock seedling stem height or rootstock seedling stem fruiting. , rarely used for disease prevention grafting cultivation.